US3989927A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electric heater utilizing a pourable heat storage bulk
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1973-08-06
•
Granted: 1976-11-02
•
Expires: 1993-08-06
Abstract
Abstract A storage heater for heating a gaseous heat extraction medium is formed of a container of heat resistant material, preferably metal. At least one guide duct, in the form of a tube for carrying the gaseous heat extraction medium, extends through the container which holds a heat storage medium in the form of a pourable bulk of particulate solid material. The thermal storage medium comprises a bulk in which the product of specific heat of the solid material and the bulk density of the mass is at least 0.7 kcal/° C dm 3 , the specific heat of the solids material being at least 0.12 kcal/° C kgf and the bulk density of the solids material being at least 2.5 kgf/dm 3 . The thermal storage medium is a material which can be in direct contact with the air to be heated for places of human habitation.
Inventors
- 👤 Georg Otto Erb
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 23:59
CPC Classifications
F; F28; F28D; F28D20/00; F28D20/0056; C; C09; C09K; C09K5/00; C09K5/08; C09K5/14; F24; F24H; F24H7/00; F24H7/02; F24H7/04; F24H7/0408; F24H7/0416; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A storage heater for heating a gaseous heat extraction medium, the heater comprising: a container having walls formed of a heat resistant material; at least one guide duct, in the form of a tube extending through the container, for carrying gaseous heat extraction medium; a thermal storage medium within the container, means associated with the container for supplying heat to the storage medium, the medium comprising heavy metal-bearing minerals and being in the form of a pourable heavy metal-bearing minerals and being in the form of a pourable bulk of particulate solids and being suitable for directly contacting air to be heated for places of human habitation; the product of the specific heat of the solid and the bulk density of the pourable bulk being at least 0.7 kcal/° C dm 3 , the specific heat of the solid being at least 0.12 kcal/° C kgf and the bulk density of the pourable bulk being at least 2.5 kgf/dm 3 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
161 words
A storage heater for heating a gaseous heat extraction medium, the heater comprising: a container having walls formed of a heat resistant material; at least one guide duct, in the form of a tube extending through the container, for carrying gaseous heat extraction medium; a thermal storage medium within the container, means associated with the container for supplying heat to the storage medium, the medium comprising heavy metal-bearing minerals and being in the form of a pourable heavy metal-bearing minerals and being in the form of a pourable bulk of particulate solids and being suitable for directly contacting air to be heated for places of human habitation; the product of the specific heat of the solid and the bulk density of the pourable bulk being at least 0.7 kcal/° C dm 3 , the specific heat of the solid being at least 0.12 kcal/° C kgf and the bulk density of the pourable bulk being at least 2.5 kgf/dm 3 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 1 wherein the heat storage medium comprises a bulk packing of a granulated mineral containing iron.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermal storage medium comprises ground overburden rock obtained from winning iron ore.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 3 wherein the thermal storage medium contains hematite minerals.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
67 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 4 wherein the thermal storage medium comprises a mineral granulate with the following composition: Iron more than 45 percent by weight, manganese less than 0.08 percent by weight, phosphorus less than 0.3 percent by weight, calcium oxide less than 4.5 percent by weight, silicon dioxide more than 3.0 percent by weight and aluminum oxide more than 0.4 percent by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
89 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 4 wherein the thermal storage medium comprises a mineral granulate of the following composition: 65.90 percent by weight of iron, 0.03 percent by weight of manganese, 0.018 percent by weight of phosphorus, 0.10 percent by weight of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide traces, 4.70 percent by weight of silicon dioxide, 0.49 percent by weight of aluminum oxide, 0.01 percent by weight of chromium, 0.01 percent by weight of copper, 0.034 percent by weight of titanium dioxide and 0.06 percent by weight of carbon.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 4, wherein the thermal storage medium is a granulate having a maximum particle size of approximately 1.5 mm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 7 wherein the particle size is between approximately 0.3 to approximately 1.25 mm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 7 wherein the granulate contains at least 5 percent by weight of pulverized material with particle sizes of less than 0.2 mm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 9 wherein the granulate contains a maximum of 20 percent by weight of such sized pulverized material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 1 wherein a surface of the thermal storage medium is exposed to air, the exposed surface of the thermal storage medium being intrinsically consolidated by heat resistant adhesive joining.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 11 wherein a mineral glue is used for adhesive joining.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 12 wherein the mineral glue contains water glass.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A storage heater as in claim 12 wherein the mineral glue contains a slurry of pulverized thermal storage medium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
A storage heater as in claim 12 wherein the mineral glue is applied to a thickness of approximately 1 mm on the surface of the thermal storage material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
76 words
A storage heater as in claim 11, comprising a plurality of guide ducts for the gaseous medium passing vertically through the storage medium and a plenum wind chamber within the heater, located above the storage medium and in fluid flow connection with all of the guide ducts, wherein one boundary surface by the wind chamber is formed of the adhesively joined surface of the thermal storage medium and which forms the top surface of the medium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
A storage heater as in claim 1 wherein the container for the thermal storage medium is provided on its exterior with a thermal barrier of lower thermal conductivity and higher thermal radiation capacity than the material of the container.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 17 wherein the thermal barrier contains aluminum oxide.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
A storage heater as in claim 17, wherein the material which forms the thermal barrier is a coating having a thickness of up to approximately 1.0 mm on the outside of the container for the thermal storage medium.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
76 words
A storage heater as in claim 1, wherein said means for supplying heat to the thermal storage medium includes a heating element duct disposed approximately horizontally through the container and said at least one guide duct for the gaseous thermal extraction medium being disposed approximately vertically through the container, the heating element duct and the guide duct both being surrounded around their circumference and along the length extending within the container by the thermal storage medium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
A storage heater as in claim 20, wherein one of said ducts is constructed as a compression bar, or tie-rod, adapted to connect two oppositely disposed walls of the container.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
47 words
A storage heater as claimed in claim 20 wherein the duct for accommodating the heater element is constructed as a tube of heat resistant material of high thermal conductivity which is inserted into the container and whose interior is accessible from the outside of the said container.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
A storage heater as in claim 20 wherein the container is constructed of metal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
39 words
A storage heater as in claim 23, wherein the container and the ducts are constructed of metal and the ducts are connected to the wall of the container by means selected from the group consisting of welding and soldering.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
27 words
A storage heater as in claim 20, wherein the heating element duct is disposed in thermally conductive contact to at least a portion of the guide duct.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
A storage heater as in claim 25, wherein the guide duct and the heating element duct are each connected to an intermediate plate which enlarges the thermal transfer surface area between them.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
54 words
A storage heater as in claim 1 wherein the container comprises a wind chamber in communication with one end of said at least one guide duct, said wind chamber being provided on its interior surface with a thermal barrier of lower thermal conductivity and higher thermal radiation capacity than the material of the container.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
CH76291A
Cited
DE405319C
Cited
GB480560A
Cited
US2671644A
Cited
US2776562A
Cited
US2911513A
Cited
US2858781A
Cited
GB881469A
Cited
US3062510A
Cited
GB977568A
Cited
US3381113A
Cited
GB1135855A
Cited
SE309640B
Cited
GB1172684A
Cited
GB1262465A
Cited
US3624356A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-11-02 | 1980-05-03 | 1980-11-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-11-02 | 1984-05-03 | 1984-11-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-11-02 | 1988-05-03 | 1988-11-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |