US3985593A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Water gel explosives
Assignee: Atlas Powder Co
•
Filing: 1975-07-28
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Granted: 1976-10-12
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Expires: 1995-07-28
Abstract
Abstract A method for producing water gel explosives by solubilizing a nitroparaffin sensitizer having 1-3 carbon atoms, preferably nitromethane, in an aqueous oxidizer perchlorate salt solution by incorporating in the composition a nitroparaffin solubilizing agent, such as ethylene glycol, and the product so produced.
Inventors
- 👤 Oldrich Machacek
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 21:31
CPC Classifications
C; C06; C06B; C06B47/00; C06B47/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
159 words
A method for producing a single phase water gel explosive composition in which a liquid paraffin sensitizer having 1-3 carbon atoms is completely solubilized consisting of the steps of mixing 40-90% of an aqueous perchlorate oxidizer solution having a concentration of 50- 80% and selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perchlorates with 5-50% of a liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms, an amount in excess of that which can be solubilized in the perchlorate oxidizer solution, to substantially solubilize the nitroparaffin therein, completing the solubilization of the nitroparaffin by adding to the mixture 1-30% of a further solubilizing agent for the nitroparaffin selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols, adding to the mixture 0-20% of a particulate aluminum, 0- 5% void space forming material, 0-1.3% of a gelling agent and 0.02-0.03% of a crosslinking agent, said percent values being based upon the total weight of the composition.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
159 words
A method for producing a single phase water gel explosive composition in which a liquid paraffin sensitizer having 1-3 carbon atoms is completely solubilized consisting of the steps of mixing 40-90% of an aqueous perchlorate oxidizer solution having a concentration of 50- 80% and selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perchlorates with 5-50% of a liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms, an amount in excess of that which can be solubilized in the perchlorate oxidizer solution, to substantially solubilize the nitroparaffin therein, completing the solubilization of the nitroparaffin by adding to the mixture 1-30% of a further solubilizing agent for the nitroparaffin selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols, adding to the mixture 0-20% of a particulate aluminum, 0- 5% void space forming material, 0-1.3% of a gelling agent and 0.02-0.03% of a crosslinking agent, said percent values being based upon the total weight of the composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the perchlorate solution is formed of sodium perchlorate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the solubilizing agent is a diol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the diol is ethylene glycol.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the nitroparaffin is nitromethane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the sodium perchlorate solution contains up to 30% of a member selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and sodium chlorate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein voids are formed in the mixture.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said voids are formed by a member selected from the group consisting of gas, hollow glass spheres, resin balloons, wood pulp and perlite.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein fuels are added to the mixture.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 9 wherein particulate aluminum is added to the mixture.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the gelling agent is a member selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, water soluble starches, pregellatinized starch, cereal flour, plant gums, karaya, synthetic polymers, polyacrylamides and polyvinyl alcohols.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the gelling agent is guar gum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the gelling agent is chemically modified guar.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a polyvalent metal salt crosslinking agent is added to the mixture.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of metal salts of borates, chromates, dichromates, antimonates, tartarates and oxalates.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of ammonium chromate and ammonium dichromate is added to the mixture.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the crosslinking agent is potassium pyroantimonate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
116 words
A water gel single phase explosive composition in which a liquid paraffin sensitizer having 1-3 carbon atoms is completely solubilized consisting of 40-90% of an aqueous perchlorate oxidizer solution having a concentration of 50-80% selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perchlorates, 1-30% of a solubilizing agent for a liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols, 5-50% of a completely solubilized liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms, 0-20% of a particulate aluminum, 0-5% void space forming material, 0.1-3% of a gellng agent and 0.02-0.3% of a crosslinking agent, the percent value based upon the total weight of the composition.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
116 words
A water gel single phase explosive composition in which a liquid paraffin sensitizer having 1-3 carbon atoms is completely solubilized consisting of 40-90% of an aqueous perchlorate oxidizer solution having a concentration of 50-80% selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal perchlorates, 1-30% of a solubilizing agent for a liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of diols, triols, methyl, ethyl and propyl alcohols, 5-50% of a completely solubilized liquid nitroparaffin having 1-3 carbon atoms, 0-20% of a particulate aluminum, 0-5% void space forming material, 0.1-3% of a gellng agent and 0.02-0.3% of a crosslinking agent, the percent value based upon the total weight of the composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the perchlorate solution is formed of sodium perchlorate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the solubilizing agent is a diol.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 20 wherein the diol is ethylene glycol.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the nitroparaffin is nitromethane.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 19 wherein the sodium perchlorate solution contains up to 30% of a member selected from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate and sodium chlorate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
8 words
The composition of claim 18 with voids therein.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein said voids are a member selected from the group consisting of gas bubbles, hollow glass spheres, resin balloons, wood pulp and perlite.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
8 words
The composition of claim 18 with fuels therein.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein the fuel is particulate aluminum.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the gelling agent is a member selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, water soluble starches, pregellatinized starch, cereal flour, plant gums, karaya, synthetic polymers, polyacrylamides and polyvinyl alcohols.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 28 wherein the gelling agent is a guar gum.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the gelling agent is chemically modified guar.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 18 having a polyvalent metal salt crosslinking agent therein.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of metal salts of borates, chromates, dichromates, antimonates, tartarates and oxalates.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 18 having a crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of ammonium chromate and ammonium dichromate therein.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 32 wherein the crosslinking agent is potassium pyroantimonate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-10-12 | 1980-04-12 | 1980-10-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-10-12 | 1984-04-12 | 1984-10-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-10-12 | 1988-04-12 | 1988-10-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |