US3984368A
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US
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Ethylene-difunctional olefin-alkyl vinyl terpolymer emulsions
Assignee: Cosden Technology Inc
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Filing: 1975-01-23
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Granted: 1976-10-05
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Expires: 1995-01-23
Abstract
Abstract Stable emulsions of terpolymer particles are formed by polymerizing ethylene, a difunctional olefin such as maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl monomer having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms in an aqueous medium in the presence of a water soluble persulfate initiator, and a nonionic and/or anionic emulsifier. The resulting novel stable emulsions contain particles of terpolymer of the three monomers which will provide film coatings of increased flexibility and toughness. Furthermore, the emulsions have excellent compatibility when blended with conventional polish formulations.
Inventors
- 👤 Glenn E. Teer
- 👤 Jerry G. Higgins
- 👤 George D. Warren
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 12:32
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F210/00; C08F210/02; C09; C09G; C09G1/00; C09G1/06; C09G1/08; C09G1/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
276 words
A process for producing a stable polymeric emulsion of polymer particles comprising mixtures of polyethylene and terpolymers of ethylene, a difunctional olefin monomer, and an alkyl vinyl monomer having molecular weights in the range of from about 2,000 to 20,000 and particle sizes in the range of from about 100 to 1,000 angstroms which includes contacting vaporous ethylene, maintained at a pressure of about 1,400 to 20,000 psi, with an aqueous reaction medium containing from about 0.1 to 30% by weight based on said aqueous reaction medium of a di-functional olefin selected from a group consisting of vinylene carbonate and maleic monomers having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of ##EQU1## wherein R 1 is a group selected from oxygen, imido, and straight or branched chain alkyl imido having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and R 2 is a group selected from hydrogen, halo, and straight or branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, ##EQU2## wherein R 2 is as defined above and R 3 is a group selected from amino, alkoxy groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and --OX wherein X is an alkali metal, and from about 0.16 to 5.0 percent by weight based on said aqueous reaction medium of an alkyl vinyl compound having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms, a water soluble persulfate initiator and an effective amount of an emulsifier selected from nonionic and anionic emulsifiers and mixtures thereof, said aqueous reaction medium having a pH of about 8.5 to 14.0, at a temperature in the range of from about 60°C to 150°C to form said emulsion.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
276 words
A process for producing a stable polymeric emulsion of polymer particles comprising mixtures of polyethylene and terpolymers of ethylene, a difunctional olefin monomer, and an alkyl vinyl monomer having molecular weights in the range of from about 2,000 to 20,000 and particle sizes in the range of from about 100 to 1,000 angstroms which includes contacting vaporous ethylene, maintained at a pressure of about 1,400 to 20,000 psi, with an aqueous reaction medium containing from about 0.1 to 30% by weight based on said aqueous reaction medium of a di-functional olefin selected from a group consisting of vinylene carbonate and maleic monomers having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of ##EQU1## wherein R 1 is a group selected from oxygen, imido, and straight or branched chain alkyl imido having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and R 2 is a group selected from hydrogen, halo, and straight or branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, ##EQU2## wherein R 2 is as defined above and R 3 is a group selected from amino, alkoxy groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and --OX wherein X is an alkali metal, and from about 0.16 to 5.0 percent by weight based on said aqueous reaction medium of an alkyl vinyl compound having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms, a water soluble persulfate initiator and an effective amount of an emulsifier selected from nonionic and anionic emulsifiers and mixtures thereof, said aqueous reaction medium having a pH of about 8.5 to 14.0, at a temperature in the range of from about 60°C to 150°C to form said emulsion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic anhydride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleimide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
78 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said anionic emulsifiers are selected from alkali metal salts of alkyl aryl sulfonates, salts of saturated fatty acids having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, salts of sulfates of saturated fatty alcohols having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, and salts of sulfates of ethoxylated saturated fatty alcohols having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and an average number of ethoxy groups between 1 and 5.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said emulsifier is an alkali metal salt of an alkyl benzene sulfonic acid wherein the alkyl group has from about 6 to about 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said initiator is present in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.75 percent by weight of said aqueous medium and said emulsifier is present in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 7% by weight of said aqueous medium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 8 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic anhydride and said alkyl vinyl monomer is octadecene-1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
85 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said emulsifier is a member selected from a group consisting of (1) a salt of a saturated fatty acid having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, (2) a salt of a sulfate of a saturated fatty alcohol having from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and (3) a salt of a sulfate of an ethoxylated saturated fatty alcohol having about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and an average number of ethoxy groups between 1 and 5.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
52 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said initiator is present in an amount in the range of from about 0.06 to about 0.75% by weight of said medium and said emulsifier is present in an amount in the range of from about 0.9 to about 9% by weight of said aqueous medium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic anhydride and said alkyl vinyl monomer is octadecene-1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said emulsifier is an alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said initiator is present in an amount in the range of from about 0.08 to about 0.7% by weight of said aqueous medium and said emulsifier is present in an amount in the range of from about 1 to about 5 percent by weight of said aqueous medium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic anhydride and said alkyl vinyl monomer is octadecene-1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
203 words
A stable polymeric emulsion comprising a plurality of emulsified solid particles having molecular weights in the range of 2,000 to 20,000 and particle sizes in the range of 100 to 1,000 angstroms, emulsion polymerized in the presence of a water soluble persulfate catalyst, said particles comprising polyethylene and a terpolymer of ethylene, a difunctional olefin selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate and maleic monomers having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of ##STR5## wherein R 1 is a group selected from oxygen, imido and straight and branched chain alkyl imido having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms wherein R 2 is a group selected from hydrogen, halo, and straight or branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##STR6## wherein R 2 is as defined above and R 3 is a group selected from amino, alkoxy groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and --OX wherein X is an alkyl alkali metal, and an alkyl vinyl monomer having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms, and being suspended in an aqueous medium comprising water and a minor effective amount of emulsifier selected from anionic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
203 words
A stable polymeric emulsion comprising a plurality of emulsified solid particles having molecular weights in the range of 2,000 to 20,000 and particle sizes in the range of 100 to 1,000 angstroms, emulsion polymerized in the presence of a water soluble persulfate catalyst, said particles comprising polyethylene and a terpolymer of ethylene, a difunctional olefin selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate and maleic monomers having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of ##STR5## wherein R 1 is a group selected from oxygen, imido and straight and branched chain alkyl imido having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms wherein R 2 is a group selected from hydrogen, halo, and straight or branched chain alkyl groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##STR6## wherein R 2 is as defined above and R 3 is a group selected from amino, alkoxy groups having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and --OX wherein X is an alkyl alkali metal, and an alkyl vinyl monomer having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms, and being suspended in an aqueous medium comprising water and a minor effective amount of emulsifier selected from anionic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The emulsion of claim 16 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic anhydride.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The emulsion of claim 16 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleimide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The emulsion of claim 16 wherein said difunctional olefin is maleic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
77 words
The emulsion of claim 16 wherein said anionic emulsifiers are selected from alkali metal salts of alkyl aryl sulfonates, salts of saturated fatty acids having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, salts of sulfates of saturated fatty alcohols having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms, and salts of sulfates of ethoxylated saturated fatty alcohols having from about 12 to 18 carbon atoms and an average number of ethoxy groups between 1 and 5.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
17 words
The polymeric emulsion of claim 16 wherein said nonionic emulsifiers are selected from alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanols.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-10-05 | 1980-04-05 | 1980-10-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-10-05 | 1984-04-05 | 1984-10-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-10-05 | 1988-04-05 | 1988-10-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |