US3983713A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of creating and outdoor ice slab in summer weather and of reducing energy requirements for indoor and outdoor ice rinks
Assignee: Calmac Manufacturing Corp
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Filing: 1975-05-05
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Granted: 1976-10-05
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Expires: 1995-05-05
Abstract
Abstract Heretofore it has been completely impractical to try to create and hold ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding during summer weather unless the area were completely enclosed. This invention presents a method for doing this which is practical not only by keeping refrigeration requirements low but also by eliminating dripping, fogging and surface melting. This method also has the advantage of reducing energy requirements for holding an ice slab under indoor or outdoor conditions. The method includes creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes containing an antifreeze solution are laid, connecting a refrigeration plant to chill and recirculate the antifreeze solution, suspending a surface of aluminum foil facing downward covering the entire ice floor at least 10 feet above such floor, mounting fans to recirculate the air from below such aluminum surface to above it, freezing ice by applying water upon the floor, painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy, freezing more ice above the white paint, erecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, blowing air through a header box alongside the rink to dehumidify the air and delivering that air through openings in the perimeter fence onto the ice floor area and certain combinations of the above steps. The low emissivity of the aluminum foil and the high reflectivity of the white paint prevent radiant energy from loading the ice while recirculation fans warm the cool moisture-laden and often foggy air over the ice by conveying it to the warm area above the suspended ceiling.
Inventors
- 👤 Calvin D. MacCracken
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 07:37
CPC Classifications
F; F25; F25C; F25C3/00; F25C3/02; A; A63; A63C; A63C19/00; A63C19/12; E; E01; E01C; E01C13/00; E01C13/10; E01C13/102; E01C13/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
144 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate including the following steps: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. suspending from an open-sided roof structure an exposed ceiling surface of reflective aluminum facing downward covering the entire ice floor and spaced at least 10 ft. above such floor, d. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, e. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, f. errecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, and g. locating a lightweight insulating layer above said reflective aluminum surface and below said roof.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
144 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate including the following steps: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. suspending from an open-sided roof structure an exposed ceiling surface of reflective aluminum facing downward covering the entire ice floor and spaced at least 10 ft. above such floor, d. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, e. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, f. errecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, and g. locating a lightweight insulating layer above said reflective aluminum surface and below said roof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purpose of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate as claimed in claim 1, including the step of forcefully circulating the air from below said downward-facing aluminum ceiling to the region above it and below the roof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate as claimed in claim 1, including the step of positioning indirect lighting means at a level below said reflective aluminum surface to shine upwardly against said downward-facing reflective aluminum surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
50 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate as claimed in claim 2, including the step of supplying dehumidified cool air at low level at one edge of said ice floor to prevent fog formation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an unenclosed area in any climate as claimed in claim 4, including the step of positioning indirect lighting means to shine against said downward-facing reflective aluminum surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
180 words
The method of creating and maintaining a low energy consuming ice slab comprising the steps of: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. covering the ice floor with an enclosed insulated building, d. suspending from the roof structure of said building a ceiling having a downward-facing surface of reflective aluminum covering the entire ice floor at least 10 ft. above such floor, e. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, f. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, g. erecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, h. positioning indirect lighting means to shine against said reflective aluminum downward-facing surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice, and i. dehumidifying the interior of said building by blowing air in heat exchange relation with said refrigerating fluid and discharging said air toward the area over the ice.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
180 words
The method of creating and maintaining a low energy consuming ice slab comprising the steps of: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. covering the ice floor with an enclosed insulated building, d. suspending from the roof structure of said building a ceiling having a downward-facing surface of reflective aluminum covering the entire ice floor at least 10 ft. above such floor, e. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, f. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, g. erecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, h. positioning indirect lighting means to shine against said reflective aluminum downward-facing surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice, and i. dehumidifying the interior of said building by blowing air in heat exchange relation with said refrigerating fluid and discharging said air toward the area over the ice.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of creating and maintaining a low energy consuming ice slab as claimed in claim 6, including the step of locating a lightweight insulating layer directly above said aluminum surface.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of creating and maintaining a low energy consuming ice slab as claimed in claim 7, including the step of mounting air moving means to circulate the air from below said downward-facing aluminum ceiling to above it.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
179 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an air-supported structure in any climate including the following steps: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. erecting by means of one or more air blowers an air-supported structure covering said ice floor, said structure having an innermost inward-facing surface of reflective aluminum, d. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, e. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, f. erecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, g. positioning the outlet of said blower or blowers on the inside of the air structure so that the air velocity is directed up away from said ice floor, and h. positioning indirect lighting means to shine against said inward-facing reflective aluminum surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
179 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for the purposes of ice skating, curling or sliding in an air-supported structure in any climate including the following steps: a. creating a floor for ice under which tubes or pipes are laid containing a refrigerating fluid, b. connecting a refrigeration plant to said tubes or pipes to recirculate the refrigerating fluid, c. erecting by means of one or more air blowers an air-supported structure covering said ice floor, said structure having an innermost inward-facing surface of reflective aluminum, d. freezing ice on such floor by applying water upon the floor, e. painting the ice white to reflect radiant energy and freezing more ice over the white paint, f. erecting a solid perimeter fence around the ice floor, g. positioning the outlet of said blower or blowers on the inside of the air structure so that the air velocity is directed up away from said ice floor, and h. positioning indirect lighting means to shine against said inward-facing reflective aluminum surface so as to reduce and disperse radiant energy reaching the ice.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
46 words
The method of creating and maintaining ice for ice skating, curling or sliding in an air-supported structure in any climate as claimed in claim 9 in which dehumidified cool air is supplied at low level at one edge of said ice floor to prevent fog formation.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3495415A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-10-05 | 1980-04-05 | 1980-10-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-10-05 | 1984-04-05 | 1984-10-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-10-05 | 1988-04-05 | 1988-10-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |