US3981775A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Enzyme insolubilization
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1975-01-10
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Granted: 1976-09-21
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Expires: 1995-01-10
Abstract
Abstract Enzymes are insolubilized by attachment to a polymeric material by grafting p-nitro styrene or p-nitrophenylacrylate to the polymeric material, converting the nitro group to an amino, diazo or isothiocyanate group and covalently attaching an enzyme to the active group so formed.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert Sydney Kenyon
- 👤 John Lyndon Garnett
- 👤 Michael James Liddy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 15:52
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J31/00; B01J31/02; B01J31/06; B01J31/063; B01J31/003; C; C08; C08F; C08F291/00; C08F8/00; C08F8/30; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12N11/02; C12N11/08; C12N11/082; C12N11/089; C12N11/091
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A process for insolubilizing an enzyme comprising the steps of: 1. grafting a monomer selected from the group consisting of p-nitrostyrene and p-nitrophenylacrylate onto an inert polymeric carrier using an ionizing radiation at a dose of from 1 to 10 megarads under conditions conducive to surface grafting; 2. converting the nitro-group of the grafted polymeric carrier to an amino, diazo or isothiocyanato group; and 3. covalently attaching the enzyme to the amino, diazo or isothiocyanato group to produce an enzymically active conjugate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
A process for insolubilizing an enzyme comprising the steps of: 1. grafting a monomer selected from the group consisting of p-nitrostyrene and p-nitrophenylacrylate onto an inert polymeric carrier using an ionizing radiation at a dose of from 1 to 10 megarads under conditions conducive to surface grafting; 2. converting the nitro-group of the grafted polymeric carrier to an amino, diazo or isothiocyanato group; and 3. covalently attaching the enzyme to the amino, diazo or isothiocyanato group to produce an enzymically active conjugate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the polymeric carrier is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride polyethylene, polypropylene polystyrene, polyacrylamide, wool, and long chain carbohydrates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the monomer is grafted to the polymeric carrier in a solvent in which the monomer is soluble and the polymeric carrier is insoluble.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the ionizing radiation is applied at a high dose rate to maximize the surface graft of the monomer to the polymeric carrier.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the ionizing radiation is applied at dose rate of from 50KRad hr.sup. -1 to 1MRad minute.sup. -1 .
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 3 in which the monomer is present in the solution in an amount of from 1 to 40% by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the nitro group of the grafted polymeric carrier is reduced to an amino group and is covalently bonded to the enzyme using a crosslinking agent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process as claimed in claim 8 in which the crosslinking agent is N, N-dicyclohexyl - carbodiimide or N-ethyl - 5 -phenylisoxazolium - 3 - sulphonate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the nitro group of the grafted polymeric carrier is reduced to an amino group and is subsequently converted to a diazo or isothiocyanato group before being directly covalently bonded to the enzyme.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the enzyme is a proteolytic enzyme.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 2 in which the polymeric carrier is polyvinyl chloride.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-09-21 | 1980-03-22 | 1980-09-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-09-21 | 1984-03-22 | 1984-09-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-09-21 | 1988-03-22 | 1988-09-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |