US3974318A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Product and method for forming in situ insoluble metal silicates in wood pores for fire retardation and preservation
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1974-04-29
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Granted: 1976-08-10
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Expires: 1994-04-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for fire retarding and preserving wood products, paper, cardboard, boxboard, cloth and other porous materials, having a plurality of internal voids, in which a water soluble silicate composition is applied to those porous materials, penetrating into the voids, and the material dried. Thereafter, a water soluble metallic salt composition is applied, also penetrating into the voids and reacting in situ to form a water insoluble metallic silicate with a high degree of water of hydration disposed throughout the voids.
Inventors
- 👤 Allen G. Lilla
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 16:56
CPC Classifications
B; B27; B27K; B27K3/00; B27K3/16; B27K3/32; B27K3/02; B27K3/0278; B27K3/15; B27K3/18; B27K3/22; B27K5/00; B27K5/04; C; C08; C08L; C08L97/00; C08L97/02; B27K2240/00; B27K2240/30; C08L83/00; C08L83/02; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10S428/921; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31971; Y10T428/31989; Y10T428/4935; Y10T428/662; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/20; Y10T442/2033; Y10T442/2631
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
145 words
A method for treating a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids, comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a water soluble silicate composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said soluble silicate into said voids; drying said water soluble silicate composition so as to make space for a water soluble metal salt within said internal voids; applying an amount of said water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said metal salt composition into said voids whereby said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt react to form a hydrated, water insoluble metal silicate in said voids; and wherein said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt being in sufficient amounts such that said hydrated water insoluble metal silicate renders said material flame retardant.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
145 words
A method for treating a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids, comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a water soluble silicate composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said soluble silicate into said voids; drying said water soluble silicate composition so as to make space for a water soluble metal salt within said internal voids; applying an amount of said water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said metal salt composition into said voids whereby said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt react to form a hydrated, water insoluble metal silicate in said voids; and wherein said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt being in sufficient amounts such that said hydrated water insoluble metal silicate renders said material flame retardant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein at least one of said treating steps comprises the step of pressurizing said material after application of one of said compositions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein at least one of said treating steps comprises the step of heating said material after application of one of said compositions to a temperature substantially above room temperature and substantially below the melting point of said insoluble metal silicate and the ignition temperature of said material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein at least one of said treating steps comprises the step of: heating said material after application of one of said compositions to a temperature substantially above room temperature and substantially below the melting point of said insoluble metal silicate and the ignition temperature of said material; and simultaneously pressurizing said material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein said water soluble silicate composition consists essentially of sodium meta-silicate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein said water soluble metal salt consists essentially of calcium chloride, and said insoluble metal silicate consists of calcium silicate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein said water soluble metal salt consists essentially of zinc chloride, and said insoluble metal silicate consists of zinc silicate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method recited in claim 1 further comprising the step of drying said insoluble metal silicate after formation thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method recited in claim 8 wherein said drying step is conducted at a temperature below which water of hydration in said insoluble metal silicate is released.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method recited in claim 1 further comprising the steps of: immersing said material in water after formation of said insoluble metal silicate for a period of time to effect significant additional water of hydration therein; and thereafter drying said material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein said material comprises wood.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 11 wherein said insoluble metal silicate has a melting temperature substantially below the ignition temperature of said wood.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for fire retarding and preserving a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids, comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a water soluble silicate composition to a surface of said material; heating said material to a temperature in a range substantially above room temperature and substantially below the ignition temperature of said material and the melting point of an insoluble metal silicate to be subsequently formed by reaction of said silicate composition and a metal salt, to drive said water soluble silicate composition into said voids; drying said material so as to make space for a water soluble metal salt within said internal voids; applying an amount of said water soluble metal salt to a surface of said material; heating said material to a temperature within said range to drive said metal salt into said voids and thereby effect a reaction between said water soluble silicate and water soluble metal salt compositions to form a hydrated, insoluble metal silicate disposed throughout said voids; and drying said material.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
172 words
A method for fire retarding and preserving a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids, comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a water soluble silicate composition to a surface of said material; heating said material to a temperature in a range substantially above room temperature and substantially below the ignition temperature of said material and the melting point of an insoluble metal silicate to be subsequently formed by reaction of said silicate composition and a metal salt, to drive said water soluble silicate composition into said voids; drying said material so as to make space for a water soluble metal salt within said internal voids; applying an amount of said water soluble metal salt to a surface of said material; heating said material to a temperature within said range to drive said metal salt into said voids and thereby effect a reaction between said water soluble silicate and water soluble metal salt compositions to form a hydrated, insoluble metal silicate disposed throughout said voids; and drying said material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method recited in claim 13 further comprising the steps of: immersing said material in water subsequent to said drying step for a period of time to effect significant additional water of hydration in said insoluble metal silicate; and thereafter drying said material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method recited in claim 1 wherein said silicate composition is not greater than about a twenty percent solution.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method recited in claim 15 wherein said metal salt composition is not greater than about a twenty percent solution.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
10 words
A product made according to the process of claim 1.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
182 words
A method for treating a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a first one of a water soluble silicate composition or a water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said first composition into said voids; thereafter drying said first composition to make space within said voids for a second one of said compositions, such that a reaction between said first and second compositions can take place in said internal voids; applying an amount of a second one of said water soluble silicate composition or said water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said metal salt composition into said voids whereby said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt react to form a water insoluble metal silicate composition in said voids; and wherein said amounts of said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt being in amounts sufficient that said water insoluble metal silicate composition renders said material flame retardant.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
182 words
A method for treating a porous, flammable material having a plurality of internal voids comprising the steps of: applying an amount of a first one of a water soluble silicate composition or a water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said first composition into said voids; thereafter drying said first composition to make space within said voids for a second one of said compositions, such that a reaction between said first and second compositions can take place in said internal voids; applying an amount of a second one of said water soluble silicate composition or said water soluble metal salt composition to a surface of said material; treating said material to drive said metal salt composition into said voids whereby said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt react to form a water insoluble metal silicate composition in said voids; and wherein said amounts of said water soluble silicate and said water soluble metal salt being in amounts sufficient that said water insoluble metal silicate composition renders said material flame retardant.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-08-10 | 1980-02-09 | 1980-08-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-08-10 | 1984-02-09 | 1984-08-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-08-10 | 1988-02-09 | 1988-08-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |