Method for dyeing from solvents

Claim 1

A method for dyeing polyester fiber which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of perchloroethylene solution containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the perchloroethylene-dye solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment, auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding water to said perchloroethylene-dye solution to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase liquid system with said fiber; while: a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and g. continuing said reduction of said solvent until the system is

Claim 2

A method for dyeing polyester fiber which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of perchloroethylene solution containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the perchloroethylene-dye solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment, auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding water to said perchloroethylene-dye solution to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase liquid system with said fiber; while: a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and g. continuing said reduction of said solvent until the system is

Claim 5

A method for dyeing textile fibers which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of an organic halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoro ethane and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro ethane containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the solvent-dyestuff solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding to said solvent-dyestuff solution water to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase system with said fiber; while; a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and

Claim 6

A method for dyeing textile fibers which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of an organic halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoro ethane and 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro ethane containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the solvent-dyestuff solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding to said solvent-dyestuff solution water to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase system with said fiber; while; a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and

Claim 9

A method for dyeing textile fibers which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of an organic chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and methylene chloride containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the solvent-dyestuff solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding to said solvent-dyestuff solution water to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase system with said fiber; while: a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and

Claim 10

A method for dyeing textile fibers which comprises: 1. preparing a volume of an organic chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of perchloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and methylene chloride containing the required amount of solvent soluble dyestuff dissolved therein to give the desired shade; 2. adjusting the volume of the solvent-dyestuff solution to a volume sufficient to fill the dyeing equipment auxiliary piping and an associated expansion flash chamber by adding to said solvent-dyestuff solution water to prepare a two-phase liquid system; 3. contacting the adjusted two-phase system with said fiber; while: a. raising the temperature of said two-phase system to a temperature sufficient to dye the fiber; b. maintaining a superatmospheric pressure on said system sufficient to maintain the liquids thereof substantially in the liquid state; c. circulating the two-phase system through the dyeing equipment and the expansion flash chamber communicating therewith; d. reducing the volume of solvent in said system by distilling the solvent from the system by releasing the pressure thereon in said flash chamber to vaporize said solvent and a portion of said water if it azeotropes with said solvent; e. recycling the water and any solvent which does not flash off to the dyeing equipment; f. continuing said circulation and said volume reduction while maintaining the volume of said system substantially constant by adding steam from a source external of the circulating water to the system; and