Process for impregnating porous articles

Claim 2

A process for removing a polymerizable anaerobic sealant from the surface of an article comprising treating said surface with an aqueous solution of a nonionic surfactant having the formula X 1 --O(C 2 H 4 O) x X 2 wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of A,R 1 --A, R 2 , and carbonyl, wherein A is an aryl group or a halogen- and/or lower alkyl-substituted aryl group; R 1 is a branched alkyl group containing about 3-12 carbon atoms or a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 1-20 carbon atoms; R 2 is a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 4-20 carbon atoms; X 2 is X 1 or H; and x is between five and about 100 when X 2 is H but beween about seven and 100 when X 2 is X 1 ; and wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant has the formula ##EQU5## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU6## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl and ##EQU7## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 or 1; in admixture with a peroxy initiator of the cure of the anaerobic sealant.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein said surface is a surface of a metal casting impregnated with the anaerobic sealant.

Claim 4

The process of claim 1 wherein the treatment is carried out at room temperature.

Claim 5

The process of claim 1 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight.

Claim 6

The process of claim 4 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 5 to about 15 percent by weight.

Claim 7

An impregnation process comprising the steps of (a) impregnating a porous metal article with a polymerizable anaerobic sealant wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant has the formula ##EQU8## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU9## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl and ##EQU10## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 or 1; in admixture with a peroxy initiator of the cure of the anaerobic sealant; (b) removing at least some of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant remaining on the surface of the metal article by treating said surface with an aqueous solution of a surfactant having the formula X 1 --O(C 2 H 4 O) x X 2 wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of A,R 1 --A, and R 2 , and carbonyl, wherein A is an aryl group of a halogen- and/or lower alkyl-substituted aryl group; R 1 is a branched alkyl group containing about 3-12 carbon atoms or a linear or cyclo akyl group containing about 1-20 carbon atoms; R 2 is a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 4-20 carbon atoms; X 2 is X 1 or H; and x is between five and about 100 when X 2 is H but between about seven and about 100 when X 2 is X 1 ; and (c) permitting the anaerobic sealant to cure.

Claim 8

An impregnation process comprising the steps of (a) impregnating a porous metal article with a polymerizable anaerobic sealant wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant has the formula ##EQU8## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU9## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl and ##EQU10## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 or 1; in admixture with a peroxy initiator of the cure of the anaerobic sealant; (b) removing at least some of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant remaining on the surface of the metal article by treating said surface with an aqueous solution of a surfactant having the formula X 1 --O(C 2 H 4 O) x X 2 wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of A,R 1 --A, and R 2 , and carbonyl, wherein A is an aryl group of a halogen- and/or lower alkyl-substituted aryl group; R 1 is a branched alkyl group containing about 3-12 carbon atoms or a linear or cyclo akyl group containing about 1-20 carbon atoms; R 2 is a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 4-20 carbon atoms; X 2 is X 1 or H; and x is between five and about 100 when X 2 is H but between about seven and about 100 when X 2 is X 1 ; and (c) permitting the anaerobic sealant to cure.

Claim 9

The process of claim 6 comprising, in addition, accelerating the cure by treatment of said surface with a solution of an accelerator of the polymerization of the anaerobic sealant.

Claim 10

The process of claim 7 wherein the polymerization accelerator comprises: aldehyde-amine condensation products; sulfur-containing free-radical accelerators; or organic compounds containing an oxidizable transition metal.

Claim 11

The process of claim 7 wherein the accelerator is in aqueous solution.

Claim 12

The process of claim 9 wherein the aqueous solution also contains a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 13

The process of claim 6 wherein the treatment is carried out at room temperature.

Claim 14

The process of claim 6 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight.

Claim 15

The process of claim 12 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 5 to about 15 percent by weight.

Claim 16

The process of claim 6 wherein the treatment of step (b) is performed by immersing the impregnated metal article in an aqueous solution of the surfactant.

Claim 17

The process of claim 6 comprising, in addition, accelerating the cure by treatment of said surface with water at an elevated temperature.

Claim 18

The process of claim 15 wherein the water at elevated temperature contains a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 19

A process for sealing a porous article comprising the steps of (a) impregnating the article with a polymerizable anaerobic sealant wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant has the formula ##EQU11## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU12## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl and ##EQU13## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 or 1; in admixture with a peroxy initiator of the cure of the anaerobic sealant; (b) removing at least some of the anaerobic sealant remaining on the surface of the article by treating said surface with an aqueous solution of a surfactant having the formula X 1 --O(C 2 H 4 O) x X 2 wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of A, R 1 --A, R 2 , and carbonyl, wherein A is an aryl group or a halogen- and/or lower alkyl-substituted aryl group, R 1 is a branched alkyl group containing about 3-12 carbon atoms or a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 1-20 carbon atoms; R 2 is a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 4-20 carbon atoms; X 2 is X 1 or H; and x is between five and about 100 when X 2 is H but between about seven and about 100 when X 2 is X 1 ; and (c) permitting the anaerobic sealant to cure.

Claim 20

A process for sealing a porous article comprising the steps of (a) impregnating the article with a polymerizable anaerobic sealant wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable anaerobic sealant has the formula ##EQU11## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU12## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl and ##EQU13## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 or 1; in admixture with a peroxy initiator of the cure of the anaerobic sealant; (b) removing at least some of the anaerobic sealant remaining on the surface of the article by treating said surface with an aqueous solution of a surfactant having the formula X 1 --O(C 2 H 4 O) x X 2 wherein X 1 is selected from the group consisting of A, R 1 --A, R 2 , and carbonyl, wherein A is an aryl group or a halogen- and/or lower alkyl-substituted aryl group, R 1 is a branched alkyl group containing about 3-12 carbon atoms or a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 1-20 carbon atoms; R 2 is a linear or cyclo alkyl group containing about 4-20 carbon atoms; X 2 is X 1 or H; and x is between five and about 100 when X 2 is H but between about seven and about 100 when X 2 is X 1 ; and (c) permitting the anaerobic sealant to cure.

Claim 21

The process of claim 17 wherein the porous article is a metal casting.

Claim 22

The process of claim 17 comprising, in addition, accelerating the cure by treatment of said surface with a solution of an accelerator of the polymerization of the anaerobic sealant.

Claim 23

The process of claim 19 wherein the polymerization accelerator is selected from the group consisting of the following classes: aldehyde-amine condensation products; sulfur-containing free-radical accelerators; and organic compounds containing an oxidizable transition metal.

Claim 24

The process of claim 19 wherein the accelerator is in aqueous solution.

Claim 25

The process of claim 21 wherein the aqueous solution also contains a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 26

The process of claim 17 wherein the treatment is carried out at room temperature.

Claim 27

The process of claim 17 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight.

Claim 28

The process of claim 24 wherein the concentration of the surfactant solution is from about 5 to about 15 percent by weight.

Claim 29

The process of claim 17 wherein the treatment of step (b) is performed by immersing the impregnated metal article in an aqueous solution of the surfactant.

Claim 30

The process of claim 17 comprising, in addition, accelerating the cure by treatment of said surface with water at an elevated temperature.

Claim 31

The process of claim 27 wherein the water at elevated temperature contains a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 32

The process of claim 1 wherein x is 8-11, X 1 is R 1 --A, and X 2 is H.

Claim 33

The process of claim 29 wherein R 1 contains 8-10 carbon atoms.

Claim 34

The process of claim 6 wherein x is 8-11, X 1 is R 1 --A, and X 2 is H.

Claim 35

The process of claim 31 wherein R 1 contains 8-10 carbon atoms.

Claim 36

The process of claim 17 wherein x is 8-11, X 1 is R 1 --A, and X 2 is H.

Claim 37

The process of claim 33 wherein R 1 contains 8-10 carbon atoms.

Claim 38

The process for sealing porous rigid articles which comprises: a. preparing an anaerobic sealant comprising a polymerizable acrylate ester monomer and a hydroperoxide polymerization initiator therefore wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable acrylate ester has the chemical formula ##EQU14## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU15## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, and ##EQU16## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 to 1; b. aerating the sealant in a vacuum vessel at a sufficient rate to prevent polymerization of the anaerobic sealant; c. submerging porous rigid articles to be sealed in the anaerobic sealant; d. discontinuing the aeration and drawing a vacuum in the vessel of less than about five inches of mercury absolute pressure; e. after the interstices of the articles have been evacuated, releasing the vacuum to force the anaerobic sealant into the interstices; and f. removing the impregnated article from the anaerobic sealant and treating the surfaces of the article with an aqueous solution of a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 39

The process for sealing porous rigid articles which comprises: a. preparing an anaerobic sealant comprising a polymerizable acrylate ester monomer and a hydroperoxide polymerization initiator therefore wherein at least a portion of the polymerizable acrylate ester has the chemical formula ##EQU14## wherein R 4 represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, hydroxy alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, and ##EQU15## R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen and lower alkyl of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R 5 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxyl, and ##EQU16## m is 0 to about 12, n is at least 1, and p is 0 to 1; b. aerating the sealant in a vacuum vessel at a sufficient rate to prevent polymerization of the anaerobic sealant; c. submerging porous rigid articles to be sealed in the anaerobic sealant; d. discontinuing the aeration and drawing a vacuum in the vessel of less than about five inches of mercury absolute pressure; e. after the interstices of the articles have been evacuated, releasing the vacuum to force the anaerobic sealant into the interstices; and f. removing the impregnated article from the anaerobic sealant and treating the surfaces of the article with an aqueous solution of a surfactant of this invention.

Claim 40

The process of claim 35 comprising the additional step of accelerating the cure by treating the surfaces of the article with an aqueous solution of an accelerator of free-radical polymerization.

Claim 41

The process of claim 35 wherein the vacuum is less than about one inch of mercury absolute pressure.