US3969274A
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Fixed bed catalyst
Assignee: Millennium Petrochemicals Inc
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Filing: 1974-03-14
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Granted: 1976-07-13
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Expires: 1994-03-14
Abstract
Abstract An improved fixed bed catalyst is disclosed and comprises the active catalyst material supported on a particular type of porous silica xerogel which has been treated with steam under particular temperature conditions.
Inventors
- 👤 Orville D. Frampton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 13:44
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J37/00; B01J37/08; B01J37/10; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/74; B01D53/86; B01D53/8603; B01D53/8609; B01J21/00; B01J21/06; B01J21/08; B01J23/00; B01J23/38; B01J23/40; B01J23/44; B01J23/48; B01J23/52; C; C01; C01B; C01B17/00; C01B17/69; C01B17/74; C01B17/76; C01B17/78; C01B17/79; C07; C07C; C07C241/00; C07C241/02; C07C45/00; C07C45/27; C07C45/32; C07C45/33; C07C45/34; C07C45/37; C07C45/38; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/21; C07C67/00; C07C67/04; C07C67/05; C07C67/055; B01J35/00; B01J35/30; B01J35/31; B01J35/32; B01J35/40; B01J35/60; B01J35/61; B01J35/613; B01J35/615; B01J35/617; B01J35/63; B01J35/635; B01J35/638; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S502/00; Y10S502/50; Y10S502/503
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
In a catalyst comprising an active catalytic material and a preformed support, wherein the active catalytic material is a metal, salt, oxide, acid, alloy, or heteropolyacid of an element of Groups I B, II B, IV B, V, VI B, VII B and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and mixtures thereof, the improvement which comprises employing as the support a regular or intermediate density silica xerogel which has been steam treated at a temperature up to 300° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
80 words
In a catalyst comprising an active catalytic material and a preformed support, wherein the active catalytic material is a metal, salt, oxide, acid, alloy, or heteropolyacid of an element of Groups I B, II B, IV B, V, VI B, VII B and VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and mixtures thereof, the improvement which comprises employing as the support a regular or intermediate density silica xerogel which has been steam treated at a temperature up to 300° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
86 words
The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said xerogel has a Martin diameter of 0.5-25.0 mm, a bulk density of 0.35-0.75 g/cc, a pore volume of 0.4-2.2 ml/g, a BET surface area in the range of 20-800 m 2 /g, an average crush strength of 50 particles being not less than 4 pounds and having the following chemical composition in terms of weight percent dry basis: SiO 2 over 99%; Fe 2 O 3 0.01-0.03%; Na 2 O 0.02-0.09%; and Al 2 O 3 less than 0.4%.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The catalyst of claim 2 wherein the Martin diameter is 2.0-5.0 mm, the bulk density is 0.42-0.70 g/cc, and the pore volume is 0.44-1.15 ml/g.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
46 words
In a catalyst comprising an active catalytic material and a pre-formed support, wherein said active catalytic material is palladium, the improvement which comprises employing as the support a regular or intermediate density silica xerogel which has been steam treated at a temperature up to 300° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
46 words
In a catalyst comprising an active catalytic material and a pre-formed support, wherein said active catalytic material is palladium, the improvement which comprises employing as the support a regular or intermediate density silica xerogel which has been steam treated at a temperature up to 300° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The catalyst of claim 4 wherein said active catalytic material additionally contains H 3 PO 4 .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process for the preparation of the catalyst of claim 1 comprising steam treating an intermediate density or regular density silica xerogel at a temperature of 149° to 300° C., impregnating the resulting steam treated xerogel with a precursor of said active catalytic material and converting said active catalyst precursor to said active catalytic material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said xerogel is in the form of granules.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the xerogel is in the form of extrudates.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the impregnation of said precursor is effected from an aqueous or alkaline solution of said precursor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said precursor is converted to said active catalytic material in an alkaline medium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
97 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said intermediate density or regular density silica xerogel which is steam treated has a Martin diameter of 0.5-25.0 mm, a bulk density of 0.35-0.75 g/cc, a pore volume of 0.4-2.2 ml/g, a BET surface area in the range of 20- 900 m 2 /g, an average crush strength of 50 particles being not less than 2.0 pounds and having the following chemical composition in terms of weight percent dry basis: SiO 2 over 99%; Fe 2 O 3 0.01-0.03%; Na 2 O 0.02-0.09%; and Al 2 O 3 less than 0.4%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the Martin diameter is 2.0-5.0 mm, the bulk density is 0.42-0.70 g/cc, and the pore volume is 0.44-1.15 ml/g.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said xerogel is an intermediate density xerogel having a bulk density of 0.35-0.48 g/cc, a pore volume of 0.80-2.2 ml/g, and a BET surface area of 200-500 m 2 /g.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 11 wherein said xerogel is a regular density xerogel having a bulk density of 0.65-0.75 g/cc, a pore volume of 0.3-0.5 ml/g, and a BET surface area of 600-900 m 2 /g.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The catalyst of claim 4 wherein said active catalytic material additionally contains gold metal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The catalyst of claim 4 wherein said active catalytic material additionally contains I 2 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process for the preparation of a supported catalyst comprising steam treating an intermediate density or regular density silica xerogel at a temperature of 149°-300° C., impregnating the resulting steam treated xerogel with an aqueous solution of a palladium salt, and converting the palladium salt to palladium metal by contact with an alkaline solution of a reducing agent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process for the preparation of a supported catalyst comprising steam treating an intermediate density or regular density silica xerogel at a temperature of 149°-300° C., impregnating the resulting steam treated xerogel with an aqueous solution of a palladium salt, and converting the palladium salt to palladium metal by contact with an alkaline solution of a reducing agent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said salt is Na 2 PdCl 4 and said reducing agent is formaldehyde.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-07-13 | 1980-01-12 | 1980-07-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-07-13 | 1984-01-12 | 1984-07-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-07-13 | 1988-01-12 | 1988-07-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |