US3969203A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Waste water treatment
Assignee: TETRA RESOURCES Inc A CORP OF
•
Filing: 1974-02-19
•
Granted: 1976-07-13
•
Expires: 1994-02-19
Abstract
Abstract A method of treating industrial waste water containing suspended particles such as mineral oil, fats, proteins, glycerides, fibers, and biodegradable materials, by exposing said water to a plurality of positive and negative electrodes whereby high current densities are used to create large volumes of microbubbles which float the particles to the surface and periodically reversing the current so as to keep the cathodes clean is disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Ernest R. Ramirez
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 13:13
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25F; C25F1/00; B; B01; B01D; B01D17/00; B01D17/02; B01D17/0205; B01D17/06; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/46; C02F1/461; C02F1/465
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
161 words
A method of treating industrial waste water containing about 0.1% to about 5% by volume of oily material for the removal of organic and oily material therein which comprises exposing said waste water to impressed current by means of a plurality of spaced apart ferrosilicon alloy electrodes, said waste water containing about 10 to about 10,000 ppm of coagulant, some of which would normally deposit on the cathode, impressing direct current with a constant voltage of between about 10 to about 20 volts on a circuit including said electrodes thereby causing microbubbles to be formed in an amount in excess of 10 5 microbubbles per liter and having an average size of about 200 microns or less which carry the oily material to the surface, and periodically reversing the current in said circuit often enough so that the size of the microbubbles does not exceed about 200 microns and whereby the electrodes are kept essentially clean from deposition of a coagulant.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
161 words
A method of treating industrial waste water containing about 0.1% to about 5% by volume of oily material for the removal of organic and oily material therein which comprises exposing said waste water to impressed current by means of a plurality of spaced apart ferrosilicon alloy electrodes, said waste water containing about 10 to about 10,000 ppm of coagulant, some of which would normally deposit on the cathode, impressing direct current with a constant voltage of between about 10 to about 20 volts on a circuit including said electrodes thereby causing microbubbles to be formed in an amount in excess of 10 5 microbubbles per liter and having an average size of about 200 microns or less which carry the oily material to the surface, and periodically reversing the current in said circuit often enough so that the size of the microbubbles does not exceed about 200 microns and whereby the electrodes are kept essentially clean from deposition of a coagulant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the size of the microbubbles formed to carry the oily material to the surface is between about 30 to about 200 microns.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the current is reversed at least once in any given 24 hour period.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the reversion of polarity is done in repetitive cycles of less than 24 hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
50 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the energy applied to the waste water is between about 1 and about 8 amps minutes per gallon of water treated and the number of electrolytic microbubbles per liter is in the range of about 10 5 to about 10 9 microbubbles per liter.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
165 words
A process for separating organic and oily material from industrial waste water by electrochemical cell action, said waste water containing a high concentration of metal hydroxides having a tendency to deposit on the cathodes of said elctrochemical cell, which process comprises conveying the waste water to a receptacle having an inlet end and an outlet end and having a plurality of electrochemical cells comprising ferrosilicon alloy electrodes near the bottom of the receptacle, impressing direct electrical current at a constant voltage of between about 10 and about 20 volts through the cells sufficient to produce microbubbles in excess of 10 5 per liter and having an average micron size less than about 200 microns to carry the particles to the surface, subjecting the waste water to a gradient of current densities as the water passes from the inlet to the outlet end and periodically reversing the current in said electrochemical cells often enough so that the microbubbles do not exceed about 200 microns in size.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
165 words
A process for separating organic and oily material from industrial waste water by electrochemical cell action, said waste water containing a high concentration of metal hydroxides having a tendency to deposit on the cathodes of said elctrochemical cell, which process comprises conveying the waste water to a receptacle having an inlet end and an outlet end and having a plurality of electrochemical cells comprising ferrosilicon alloy electrodes near the bottom of the receptacle, impressing direct electrical current at a constant voltage of between about 10 and about 20 volts through the cells sufficient to produce microbubbles in excess of 10 5 per liter and having an average micron size less than about 200 microns to carry the particles to the surface, subjecting the waste water to a gradient of current densities as the water passes from the inlet to the outlet end and periodically reversing the current in said electrochemical cells often enough so that the microbubbles do not exceed about 200 microns in size.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the metal hydroxides are selected from the group consisting of ferric hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the current densities of each succeeding cell is a fraction of that of the previous cell.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the current is reversed at least once in any given 24 hour period.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the size of the microbubbles formed to carry the oily material to the surface is between about 30 to about 200 microns.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the reversing of polarity is done in repetitive cycles at least once in any 24 hours.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-07-13 | 1980-01-12 | 1980-07-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-07-13 | 1984-01-12 | 1984-07-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-07-13 | 1988-01-12 | 1988-07-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |