US3960700A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Coal hydrogenation to produce liquids
Assignee: Cities Service Co
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Filing: 1975-01-13
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Granted: 1976-06-01
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Expires: 1995-01-13
Abstract
Abstract Crushed coal is mixed with hot hydrogen, at 500 DEG to 1,500 DEG C. and 600 to 3,000 psig., in a reactor, and then, after a short reaction time, rapidly quenched. The total heat-up, reaction, and quench time is less than 2 seconds. This short residence time results in less gas production and less polymerization of the liquid components.
Inventors
- 👤 Bernard H. Rosen
- 👤 Arnold H. Pelofsky
- 👤 Marvin Greene
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 23:50
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G1/00; C10G1/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
99 words
A process of treating carbonaceous material with hydrogen, in the absence of added catalyst, comprising in serial combination, a. adding liquid or crushed solid carbonaceous material to a reactor, b. adding hot hydrogen to the stream of carbonaceous material, with the hydrogen/carbonaceous material ratio varying from about 0.05 to about 4, c. reacting the hydrogen and the carbonaceous material at a temperature of from about 400°C. to about 2,000°C., and a pressure of from about 500 to about 5,000 psig., and d. quenching the mixture, with the total residence time varying from about 2 milliseconds to about 2 seconds.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
99 words
A process of treating carbonaceous material with hydrogen, in the absence of added catalyst, comprising in serial combination, a. adding liquid or crushed solid carbonaceous material to a reactor, b. adding hot hydrogen to the stream of carbonaceous material, with the hydrogen/carbonaceous material ratio varying from about 0.05 to about 4, c. reacting the hydrogen and the carbonaceous material at a temperature of from about 400°C. to about 2,000°C., and a pressure of from about 500 to about 5,000 psig., and d. quenching the mixture, with the total residence time varying from about 2 milliseconds to about 2 seconds.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the crushed solid material has an average particle size smaller than about 1/2 inch.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the quenched mixture does not exceed about 200°C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1, wherein the quenching material is hydrogen at a temperature below 200°C and the carbonaceous material is coal.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of converting coal into liquid hydrocarbon comprising the steps of a. introducing finely divided coal into a pressure vessel in a continuous stream, b. continuously adding hot hydrogen to the pressure vessel so as to impinge said coal stream, with the hydrogen/coal weight ratio varying from about 0.05 to about 4, c. reacting coal and hydrogen at a temperature of from about 500° to about 1500°C. and a pressure of from about 600 to about 3,000 psig., and thereafter quenching the reaction mixture with cold hydrogen, thereby limiting contact between the hot hydrogen and the coal stream within the vessel to a period of not more than 2 seconds, said time including heat-up, reaction, and quench times, and d. separating liquid hydrocarbons from coal char and other solid material in the quenched hydrogen/coal stream.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of converting coal into liquid hydrocarbon comprising the steps of a. introducing finely divided coal into a pressure vessel in a continuous stream, b. continuously adding hot hydrogen to the pressure vessel so as to impinge said coal stream, with the hydrogen/coal weight ratio varying from about 0.05 to about 4, c. reacting coal and hydrogen at a temperature of from about 500° to about 1500°C. and a pressure of from about 600 to about 3,000 psig., and thereafter quenching the reaction mixture with cold hydrogen, thereby limiting contact between the hot hydrogen and the coal stream within the vessel to a period of not more than 2 seconds, said time including heat-up, reaction, and quench times, and d. separating liquid hydrocarbons from coal char and other solid material in the quenched hydrogen/coal stream.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 5, wherein the separated liquid hydrocarbons are further processed.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method of claim 5, wherein a. the coal has an average particle size of less than about 1/2 inch, b. the total residence time of hydrogen and coal is not more than about 1 second, c. the cold hydrogen quench stream has a temperature below 200°C., d. the separated liquid hydrocarbon stream is further processed, and e. the char is further processed.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-06-01 | 1979-12-01 | 1980-06-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-06-01 | 1983-12-01 | 1984-06-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-06-01 | 1987-12-01 | 1988-06-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |