US3957574A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Sizing method and composition for use therein
Assignee: Hercules LLC
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Filing: 1975-01-06
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Granted: 1976-05-18
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Expires: 1995-01-06
Abstract
Abstract In the production of sized paper and board using ketene dimer as sizing agent, there is used concomitantly with the ketene dimer a cationic polyelectrolyte so as to increase the sizing effect of the ketene dimer. The cationic polyelectrolyte is normally a dye fixative selected from water-soluble dicyandiamide-formaldehyde condensates. The cationic polyelectrolyte may be mixed with the ketene dimer so as to form a novel sizing composition which is preferably used in the form of an emulsion.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas Edward Anderson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 16:28
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09J; C09J161/00; C09J161/20; C09J161/22; D; D21; D21H; D21H17/00; D21H17/03; D21H17/05; D21H17/17; D21H17/20; D21H17/33; D21H17/46; D21H17/47; D21H17/49; D21H17/50; D21H17/54; D21H17/55
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
A sizing composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion consisting essentially of a ketene dimer sizing agent, an emulsifier and a dye fixative selected from the class of dye fixatives consisting of water-soluble dicyandiamideformaldehyde condensates obtained by the reaction of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde and an ammonium salt.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
47 words
A sizing composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion consisting essentially of a ketene dimer sizing agent, an emulsifier and a dye fixative selected from the class of dye fixatives consisting of water-soluble dicyandiamideformaldehyde condensates obtained by the reaction of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde and an ammonium salt.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
95 words
A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aqueous emulsion consists of, by weight, from 3 to 30 parts solids and from 97 to 70 parts water, the total of solids and water being 100 parts, and wherein the solids content consists of, by weight, (a) from 1 to 12 parts ketene dimer, (b) from 1 to 25 parts dicyandiamide-formaldehyde-ammonium salt condensate and (c) from 1 to 25 parts emulsifier, the amounts of (a), (b) and (c) being selected so that the total weight thereof will be in the range 3 to 30 parts.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is a cationic starch.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cationic starch is a cationic amine modified starch.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
41 words
A composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is a water-soluble cationic thermosetting resin obtained by reacting a water-soluble polyamide, formed from a dibasic carboxylic acid and a polyalkylene polyamine containing from 2 to 8 alkylene groups, with epichlorohydrin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composition as claim in claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is a water-soluble cationic thermosetting resin obtained by reacting a water-soluble polyamide, formed from a saturated aliphatic dibasic carboxylic acid containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and a polyalkylene polyamine containing from 2 to 8 alkylene groups, with epichlorohydrin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the carboxylic acid contains from 4 to 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of producing sized paper of board from cellulose stock in which a ketene dimer is used as sizing agent, characterised in that there is incorporated in the cellulose stock concomitantly with the ketene dimer sizing agent a dye fixative which is a water-soluble dicyandiamide-formaldehyde condensate obtained by the reaction of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde and an ammonium salt, so as to obtain a sized paper or board having a higher degree of sizing than would be obtained using the same quantity of the ketene dimer sizing agent in the absence of the dye fixative.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of producing sized paper of board from cellulose stock in which a ketene dimer is used as sizing agent, characterised in that there is incorporated in the cellulose stock concomitantly with the ketene dimer sizing agent a dye fixative which is a water-soluble dicyandiamide-formaldehyde condensate obtained by the reaction of dicyandiamide, formaldehyde and an ammonium salt, so as to obtain a sized paper or board having a higher degree of sizing than would be obtained using the same quantity of the ketene dimer sizing agent in the absence of the dye fixative.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
53 words
A method according to claim 8, wherein there is incorporated into the cellulose stock from 0.05 to 2.0% by weight, based on the dry weight of the cellulose stock, of the ketene dimer and from 0.02 to 1.0% by weight, based on the dry weight of the cellulose stock, of the dye fixative.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method according to claim 8, wherein the ketene dimer and dye fixative are added simultaneously to the cellulose stock in the form of an aqueous emulsion comprising ketene dimer sizing agent, dye fixative and an emulsifier.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-05-18 | 1979-11-17 | 1980-05-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-05-18 | 1983-11-17 | 1984-05-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-05-18 | 1987-11-17 | 1988-05-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |