US3956124A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hypolimnion oxygenation
Assignee: Praxair Technology Inc
•
Filing: 1974-11-25
•
Granted: 1976-05-11
•
Expires: 1994-11-25
Abstract
Abstract The hypolimnion of thermally stratified water bodies is oxygenated by withdrawing water therefrom at rate of 10-200 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month, pressurizing the withdrawn water to superatmospheric pressure below 125 psig, injecting at least 80 percent oxygen gas at rate of 5-300 lbs. O 2 per million pounds withdrawn water but less than a rate to result in O 2 supersaturation at the remixing point, returning the mixture through conduit means and remixing same at rate to produce specified frictional head loss.
Inventors
- 👤 Arlo Wade Fast
- 👤 William Edward Grunert
- 👤 John Joseph Pietruszewski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 16:12
CPC Classifications
A; A01; A01K; A01K63/00; A01K63/04; A01K63/042; B; B01; B01F; B01F23/00; B01F23/40; B01F23/45; B01F23/454; C; C02; C02F; C02F3/00; C02F3/02; C02F3/12; C02F3/1278; C02F3/1294; C02F3/26; C02F7/00; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
A process for oxygenation of the hypolimnion of thermally stratified water bodies comprising the steps of: Withdrawing water from the hypolimnion at rate between 10 and 200 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month; pressurizing the withdrawn water to superatmospheric pressure below 125 psig; injecting at least 80 percent oxygen (by volume) gas in the withdrawn pressurized water at rate between 5 and 300 lbs. oxygen per million pounds withdrawn water but less than a rate resulting in oxygen supersaturation of the withdrawn water at the pressure in the hypolimnion at the point of remixing; returning the oxygen gas - water mixture through conduit means to and remixing same with the hypolimnion at rate to produce frictional head loss of at least 4 psi per 100 feet length of said conduit means, and also at least 0.15 psi per pound of injected gas per one million pounds withdrawn water.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
149 words
A process for oxygenation of the hypolimnion of thermally stratified water bodies comprising the steps of: Withdrawing water from the hypolimnion at rate between 10 and 200 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month; pressurizing the withdrawn water to superatmospheric pressure below 125 psig; injecting at least 80 percent oxygen (by volume) gas in the withdrawn pressurized water at rate between 5 and 300 lbs. oxygen per million pounds withdrawn water but less than a rate resulting in oxygen supersaturation of the withdrawn water at the pressure in the hypolimnion at the point of remixing; returning the oxygen gas - water mixture through conduit means to and remixing same with the hypolimnion at rate to produce frictional head loss of at least 4 psi per 100 feet length of said conduit means, and also at least 0.15 psi per pound of injected gas per one million pounds withdrawn water.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the oxygen gas - water mixture is returned to the hypolimnion at least 25 feet below the top of the hypolimnion, and the water withdrawal rate therefrom is at least 40 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the oxygen gas - water mixture is returned to the hypolimnion at less than 15 feet below the top of the hypolimnion, and the water withdrawal rate therefrom is less than 30 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the remixing head loss across the return conduit discharge end is less than 15 psi.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the oxygen gas is injected in the withdrawn pressurized water at rate between 20 and 100 lbs. oxygen per million pounds withdrawn water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein water is withdrawn from the hypolimnion at rate between 20 and 100 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein at least 90 percent oxygen (by volume) gas is injected in the withdrawn pressurized water.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein water is withdrawn from the hypolimnion at rate between 20 and 100 percent of the hypolimnion volume per month and at least 90 percent oxygen (by volume) gas is injected in the withdrawn pressurized water at rate between 20 and 100 lbs. oxygen per million pounds withdrawn water.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3470091A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-05-11 | 1979-11-10 | 1980-05-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-05-11 | 1983-11-10 | 1984-05-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-05-11 | 1987-11-10 | 1988-05-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |