US3953222A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Addition of acidulated pozzolan to concrete and concrete products
Assignee: Tekology Corp
•
Filing: 1974-04-10
•
Granted: 1976-04-27
•
Expires: 1994-04-10
Abstract
Abstract The method of making concrete products, and the resulting products, in which pozzolans are added to the concrete or substituted for some of the Portland Cement therein after the pozzolan has been acidulated by treatment with a strong mineral acid selected to convert non-siliceous metallic oxides therein into other salts which can be separated out, leaving SiO 2 spheres whose surfaces are cleaned and pock-marked to provide greater active surface area, thereby increasing the pozzolanic activity. Acids are chosen so that an unwashed acidulated pozzolan can remain wet for example, either with chlorides as accelerators, or with sulphates as retarders when added to the cement mix.
Inventors
- 👤 John W. Bainton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 02:49
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B18/00; C04B18/04; C04B18/06; C04B18/08; C04B20/00; C04B20/10; C04B20/1055; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/50; Y02W30/91
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
The method of making cementitious structures including the steps of treating pozzolanic material particles of the type comprising a lattice work of silicon dioxide molecules having interspersed between them metallic oxides, the treating employing a mineral acid in sufficient quantity to convert said metallic oxides into soluble salts of the mineral acid, separating most of the salts and any excess acids from the treated pozzolanic material, mixing the treated material with a settable concrete mix including aggregate and water, and molding said mix and allowing it to set to form said structure.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
92 words
The method of making cementitious structures including the steps of treating pozzolanic material particles of the type comprising a lattice work of silicon dioxide molecules having interspersed between them metallic oxides, the treating employing a mineral acid in sufficient quantity to convert said metallic oxides into soluble salts of the mineral acid, separating most of the salts and any excess acids from the treated pozzolanic material, mixing the treated material with a settable concrete mix including aggregate and water, and molding said mix and allowing it to set to form said structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the quantity of treated pozzolanic material added to the mix is within the range of 10 to 200 percent by weight of the weight of the included settable concrete ingredient.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mineral acid comprises one or more acids selected from a group consisting of hydrochloric, sulphuric, nitric, and hydrofluoric acids.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the treated pozzolanic material is washed with water prior to its inclusion in the concrete mix.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the acid is hydrochloric acid, and wherein after most of the acid and said salts are separated from the treated pozzolanic material, said treated material while still wet with the acid is mixed with the concrete mix thereby supplying chloride ions to the mix as a hardening accelerator.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the acid is sulphuric acid, and wherein after most of said acid and said salts are separated from the treated pozzolanic material, said treated material while still wet with the acid is mixed with the concrete mix thereby supplying sulphate ions to the mix as a hardening retarder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the acid is hydrofluoric acid, and wherein after most of said acid and said salts are separated from the treated pozzolanic material, said treated material while still wet with the acid mixed with the concrete mix thereby supplying fluoride ions to the mix as a hardening retarder.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
36 words
The mthod as set forth in claim 1, wherein said settable mix comprises one or more selected from a group of settable ingredients consisting of Portland Cement, natural cement, water quenched blast furnace slag, and lime.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said pozzolanic material is fly ash.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
66 words
The method as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least part of the settable mix comprises calcined cement clinker, and wherein the acid is sulphuric acid, and wherein after most of the said acid and salts are separated from the treated pozzolanic material, said treated material while still wet with the acid is mixed with the clinker and wet-ground and then mixed with said mix.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
A cementitious product comprising a hardened concrete mix including a settable material, water, aggregate, and a pozzolanic material whose original surfaces are of the type comprising a lattic work of silicon dioxide molecules having interspersed between them metallic oxides, said surfaces having been pock-marked and pozzolanically activated and cleaned by removing non-siliceous metal oxide deposits therefrom.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
56 words
A cementitious product comprising a hardened concrete mix including a settable material, water, aggregate, and a pozzolanic material whose original surfaces are of the type comprising a lattic work of silicon dioxide molecules having interspersed between them metallic oxides, said surfaces having been pock-marked and pozzolanically activated and cleaned by removing non-siliceous metal oxide deposits therefrom.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
The cementitious product as set forth in claim 11, including as said pozzolanic material fly ash treated with hydrochloric acid, and includng in the mix chloride ions remaining from the acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
The cementitious product as set forth in claim 11, including as said pozzolanic material fly ash treated with sulphuric acid, and including in the mix sulphate ions remaining from the acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cementitious product as set forth in claim 13, wherein the settable material includes cement clinker.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
The cementitious product as set forth in claim 11, wherein the quantity by weight of treated pozzolanic material is within the range of 10 to 200 percent by weight of the weight of the included settable material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
34 words
The cementitious product as set forth in claim 11, wherein said settable material comprises one or more selected from a group consisting of Portland Cement, natural cement, water quenched blast furnace slag, and lime.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-04-27 | 1979-10-27 | 1980-04-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-10-27 | 1984-04-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-10-27 | 1988-04-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |