US3953178A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Coated metal product
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1974-06-21
•
Granted: 1976-04-27
•
Expires: 1994-06-21
Abstract
Abstract An ion plating method and product therefrom wherein ions of a metal are implanted into or/and plated onto a substrate to increase the hardness of the surface. After plating, the product can be reacted with carbon, boron, nitrogen or another metal, thereby forming the carbide, boride, nitride or metal compound of the plating metal coating. Hardening of the product by quenching follows which produces a cutting tool of superior qualities.
Inventors
- 👤 Niels N. Engel
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 23:08
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C14/00; C23C14/06; C23C14/14; C23C14/16; C21; C21D; C21D1/00; C21D1/06; C21D1/09; C23C12/00; C23C14/22; C23C14/48; C23C14/58; C23C14/5806; C23C14/582; C23C14/5826; C23C14/5833; C23C14/5846; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12535; Y10T428/12576; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12806; Y10T428/12812; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12951; Y10T428/12972
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
A coated metal product comprising, a steel martensitic substrate, a metal selected from the group consisting of: scandium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, lanthanum, cesium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium europium, gadolinium, terbium, holmium, dysprosium, erbium, thulium, yttrium, ytterbium, lutetium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, iron, cobalt, nickel and boron imbedded by ion bombardment into the surface area of said steel substrate, and a metal salt selected from the group consisting of a carbide, boride and nitride of said selected metal, bonded to the outer surface of said selected metal.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
103 words
A coated metal product comprising, a steel martensitic substrate, a metal selected from the group consisting of: scandium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, lanthanum, cesium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium europium, gadolinium, terbium, holmium, dysprosium, erbium, thulium, yttrium, ytterbium, lutetium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, iron, cobalt, nickel and boron imbedded by ion bombardment into the surface area of said steel substrate, and a metal salt selected from the group consisting of a carbide, boride and nitride of said selected metal, bonded to the outer surface of said selected metal.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The coated metal product defined in claim 1 wherein the Knoop hardness of the martensite close to the surface of the substrate exceeds 1,200.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
68 words
A coated metal product comprising: a. a martensitic iron substrate; b. an implanted subsurface along the surface of said substrate, said subsurface containing an element which is insoluble in said substrate; and c. a coating along said subsurface of a coating metal and a hardening substance reacted with said coating metal, said substance creating with said coating metal, a layer which is harder than the coating metal, itself.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
68 words
A coated metal product comprising: a. a martensitic iron substrate; b. an implanted subsurface along the surface of said substrate, said subsurface containing an element which is insoluble in said substrate; and c. a coating along said subsurface of a coating metal and a hardening substance reacted with said coating metal, said substance creating with said coating metal, a layer which is harder than the coating metal, itself.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
78 words
The coated metal product defined in claim 3 wherein said first metal is steel, said insoluble element is an inert gas and said coating metal is selected from the group consisting of scandium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, lanthanum, cesium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, holmium, dysprosium, erbium, thulium, yttrium, ytterbium, lutetium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptinium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, iron, cobalt, nickel and boron.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
48 words
The coated metal product defined in claim 4 wherein said hardening substance is selected from the group consisting of carbon, boron, nitrogen and a selected one of said elements other than the implanted element so as to form the carbide, boride, nitride or compound of the respective elements.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The coated metal product defined in claim 5 wherein said substrate is martensite, the product having a Knoop hardness in excess of 1,000.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-04-27 | 1979-10-27 | 1980-04-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-04-27 | 1983-10-27 | 1984-04-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-10-27 | 1988-04-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |