Novel high diffusivity membranes

Claim 2

A membrane characterized by a water content of 5-75% and a diffusivity greater than about 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. comprising a polymer containing polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU16## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU17## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU18## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 3

The membrane of claim 1 wherein the polyamideamine-containing polymer is poly [1. 7(4-methyl) azaheptyladipamide].

Claim 4

The membrane of claim 1 wherein the polyamideamine-containing polymer is a co-polymer of poly [1, 7(4-methyl) azaheptyladipamide] and hexamethyleneadipamide.

Claim 5

The membrane of claim 1 wherein 5 to 95% of a membrane matrix polymer is added to the polyamideamine containing system.

Claim 6

The membrane of claim 4 wherein the matrix polymer is a polyamide.

Claim 7

The membrane of claim 1 wherein 0.5 to 50% of a processing additive is added prior to and removed after membrane formation.

Claim 8

The membrane of claim 1 comprising 30-60% poly [1, 7(4-methyl) azaheptyladipamide], 30-60% ε-caprolactam and 10-30% lauryl lactam.

Claim 9

The membrane of claim 1 in the form of a flat membrane.

Claim 10

The membrane of claim 1 in the form of a hollow fiber.

Claim 11

A process for the production of a membrane having a diffusivity greater than 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and controllable hydrophilicity comprising the steps of: 1. casting a solution of a polymer containing a polyamidiamine functional group of the formula; ##EQU19## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU20## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU21## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer; and

Claim 12

A process for the production of a membrane having a diffusivity greater than 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and controllable hydrophilicity comprising the steps of: 1. casting a solution of a polymer containing a polyamidiamine functional group of the formula; ##EQU19## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU20## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU21## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer; and

Claim 13

drying to form an asymmetric membrane.

Claim 14

drying to form an asymmetric membrane.

Claim 15

The process of claim 10 wherein the 5 to 95% of a matrix polymer is added to the polyamideamine-containing solution.

Claim 16

A process for the production of a membrane having a diffusivity greater than 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and controllable hydrophilicity comprising the steps of: 1. melting a polymer containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU22## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU23## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU24## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 17

A process for the production of a membrane having a diffusivity greater than 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and controllable hydrophilicity comprising the steps of: 1. melting a polymer containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU22## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU23## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU24## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 18

extruding the melt; 3. quenching to produce pellets; and 4. extruding the pellets to produce a polymeric balloon, tube or hollow fibre.

Claim 19

extruding the melt; 3. quenching to produce pellets; and 4. extruding the pellets to produce a polymeric balloon, tube or hollow fibre.

Claim 20

The method of claim 12 wherein 5 to 95% of a matrix polymer is added to the polyamideamine containing solution.

Claim 21

The method of claim 12 wherein 0.5 to 50% of a processing additive is added to the solution and removed after drying the membrane.

Claim 22

In a solvent extraction process which comprises the steps of contacting one side of a membrane with a first liquid B containing a solute material A and contacting the other side of said membrane with an extracting second liquid C which is substantially immiscible with liquid B, maintaining the separation of liquids B and C by said membrane and extracting by diffusion said solute A from liquid B through said membrane and into said liquid C by maintaining said liquids on the respective sides of said membranes until said solute A has been substantially diffused into liquid C, the improvement which comprises extracting said solvent through a membrane containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU25## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU26## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU27## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the provisio that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 23

In a solvent extraction process which comprises the steps of contacting one side of a membrane with a first liquid B containing a solute material A and contacting the other side of said membrane with an extracting second liquid C which is substantially immiscible with liquid B, maintaining the separation of liquids B and C by said membrane and extracting by diffusion said solute A from liquid B through said membrane and into said liquid C by maintaining said liquids on the respective sides of said membranes until said solute A has been substantially diffused into liquid C, the improvement which comprises extracting said solvent through a membrane containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU25## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU26## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU27## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the provisio that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 24

In a solvent extraction apparatus which comprises a diffusion cell with a plurality of compartments, said compartments being separated by a membrane, the improvement which comprises a polymeric membrane having a diffusivity greater than about 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU28## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU29## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU30## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.

Claim 25

In a solvent extraction apparatus which comprises a diffusion cell with a plurality of compartments, said compartments being separated by a membrane, the improvement which comprises a polymeric membrane having a diffusivity greater than about 10 - 8 cm 2 /sec. and containing a polyamideamine functional group of the formula: ##EQU28## wherein: X is selected from the group consisting of R 1 , ##EQU29## Y is selected from the group consisting of R 7 , ##EQU30## wherein: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are organic diradicals independently selected from the group consisting of alkylene, cyclic alkylene, phenylene, phenyl dialkylene, bis-phenylene alkylene and substituted diradicals thereof wherein the substituents are selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen; and wherein: R 4 and R 10 are organic radicals selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cyclic alkyl and phenyl; with the proviso that at least one of X and Y as defined above contains a tertiary amine group; and wherein: n is an integer designating the repeating monomeric units of the polymer.