Optical modulation system and frequency doubler using organo-substituted carboranes

Claim 2

An optical modulation device comprising: a cross polarizer having two substantially parallel polarizing elements; and an organo-substituted carborane cell sandwiched between said two polarizing elements, said cell having a pair of spaced-apart transparent windows, said windows being substantially parallel to said two polarizing elements; a pair of spaced-apart electrodes sandwiched between said pair of windows; and an organo-substituted carborane material contained within a volume bounded on two ends by said pair of electrodes and on two sides by said pair of windows.

Claim 3

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said organo-substituted carbornae is 1,2-dimethyl-o-carborane.

Claim 4

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-n-propyl-o-carborane.

Claim 5

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-allyl-o-carborane.

Claim 6

An optical device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pair of windows are formed as the sides of a U-shaped retangular channel member.

Claim 7

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pair of electrodes are positioned substantially parallel to each other and at substantially 45° with respect to the plane of polarization of each of said two polarizing elements.

Claim 8

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said organo-substituted carbornae is 1-phenyl-o-carborane.

Claim 9

An optical modulation device as claimed in claim 1 wherein said pair of electrodes are formed of copper.

Claim 10

A modulation system comprising means for generating light rays; a cross polarizer having two substantially parallel polarizing elements in the path of said light rays; means for generating a time-varying electrical modulation signal; organo-substituted carborane means sandwiched between said two polarizing elements, said means having a pair of spaced-apart transparent windows, said windows being substantially parallel to said two polarizing elements; a pair of spaced-apart electrodes sandwiched between said pair of windows; and an organo-substituted carborane contained within a volume bounded on two ends by said pair of electrodes and on two sides by said pair of windows; said carborane means responsive to said modulation signal means for rotating light rays passing therethrough in degrees related to the modulation signal levels of said modulation signal means; and electro-optical means in the path of light rays transmitted through said cross polarizer and said organo-substituted carborane means for generating an electrical signal proportional in amplitude to the intensity of light impinging thereupon.

Claim 11

A modulation system comprising means for generating light rays; a cross polarizer having two substantially parallel polarizing elements in the path of said light rays; means for generating a time-varying electrical modulation signal; organo-substituted carborane means sandwiched between said two polarizing elements, said means having a pair of spaced-apart transparent windows, said windows being substantially parallel to said two polarizing elements; a pair of spaced-apart electrodes sandwiched between said pair of windows; and an organo-substituted carborane contained within a volume bounded on two ends by said pair of electrodes and on two sides by said pair of windows; said carborane means responsive to said modulation signal means for rotating light rays passing therethrough in degrees related to the modulation signal levels of said modulation signal means; and electro-optical means in the path of light rays transmitted through said cross polarizer and said organo-substituted carborane means for generating an electrical signal proportional in amplitude to the intensity of light impinging thereupon.

Claim 12

The modulation system according to claim 9 further comprising means between said light generating means and said cross polarizer for focusing the generated light rays into parallel rays; and means between said cross polarizer and said electro-optical means for focusing the light rays transmitted through said cross polarizer upon said electro-optical means.

Claim 13

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said light generating means includes a laser.

Claim 14

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said electro-optical means includes a photomultiplier.

Claim 15

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-phenyl-o-carborane.

Claim 16

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1,2-dimethyl-o-carborane.

Claim 17

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-n-propyl-o-carborane.

Claim 18

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-allyl-o-carborane.

Claim 19

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-ethyl-o-carbornae.

Claim 20

The modulation system according to claim 9 wherein said organo-substituted carborane is 1-vinyl-o-carborane.

Claim 21

A frequency doubler comprising means for generating light rays; electro-optical means in the path of the generated light rays for generating an electrical signal proportional in amplitude to the intensity of light impinging thereupon; means for generating an AC time-varying electrical signal; and means including a cross polarizer having two substantially parallel polarizing elements, and an organo-substituted carborane cell sandwiched between said two polarizing elements and having a pair of spaced-apart transparent windows, said windows being substantially parallel to said two polarizing elements; a pair of spaced-apart electrodes sandwiched between said pair of windows; and an organo-substituted carborane contained within a volume bounded on two ends by said pair of electrodes and on two sides by said pair of windows; said means responsive to said AC electrical signal generating means, interposing said light generating means and said electro-optical means for modulating the intensity of light transmitted therebetween at a rate equal to twice the rate of the AC time-varying electrical signal generated by said AC electrical signal generated means.

Claim 22

A frequency doubler comprising means for generating light rays; electro-optical means in the path of the generated light rays for generating an electrical signal proportional in amplitude to the intensity of light impinging thereupon; means for generating an AC time-varying electrical signal; and means including a cross polarizer having two substantially parallel polarizing elements, and an organo-substituted carborane cell sandwiched between said two polarizing elements and having a pair of spaced-apart transparent windows, said windows being substantially parallel to said two polarizing elements; a pair of spaced-apart electrodes sandwiched between said pair of windows; and an organo-substituted carborane contained within a volume bounded on two ends by said pair of electrodes and on two sides by said pair of windows; said means responsive to said AC electrical signal generating means, interposing said light generating means and said electro-optical means for modulating the intensity of light transmitted therebetween at a rate equal to twice the rate of the AC time-varying electrical signal generated by said AC electrical signal generated means.

Claim 23

The frequency doubler according to claim 19 wherein said pair of electrodes are positioned substantially parallel to each other and at substantially 45° with respect to the plane of polarization of each of said two polarizing elements.

Claim 24

The frequency doubler of claim 19 further comprising means between said light generating means and said cross polarizer for focusing the generated light rays into parallel rays; and means between said cross polarizer and said electro-optical means for focusing the light rays transmitted through said cross polarizer upon said electro-optical means.

Claim 25

The frequency doubler according to claim 21 wherein said electro-optical means includes a photomultiplier.