US3945847A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Coherent manganese dioxide electrodes, process for their production, and electrochemical cells utilizing them
Assignee: Edgewell Personal Care Brands LLC
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Filing: 1974-01-29
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Granted: 1976-03-23
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Expires: 1994-01-29
Abstract
Abstract Coherent manganese dioxide electrodes comprising particulate manganese dioxide and particulate electrically conductive material substantially uniformly dispersed in a conductive binder wherein said binder comprises colloidal electrically conductive material having a surface area as defined by the B.E.T. method using N 2 absorption at 78°K of less than about 100m 2 /g, and an electrolyte-wettable polymeric binder.
Inventors
- 👤 Karl V. Kordesch
- 👤 Akiya Kozawa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 14:47
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
72 words
A coherent electrode for use in electrochemical devices having an aqueous electrolyte, said electrode comprising particulate manganese dioxide and particulate electrically conductive material both of which are substantially dispersed in a binder, said binder comprising colloidal electrically conductive material having a surface area as defined by the B.E.T. method using N 2 absorption at 78°K. of less than about 100 m 2 /g, and an electrolyte-wettable polymer, thereby forming a polymeric binder.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
72 words
A coherent electrode for use in electrochemical devices having an aqueous electrolyte, said electrode comprising particulate manganese dioxide and particulate electrically conductive material both of which are substantially dispersed in a binder, said binder comprising colloidal electrically conductive material having a surface area as defined by the B.E.T. method using N 2 absorption at 78°K. of less than about 100 m 2 /g, and an electrolyte-wettable polymer, thereby forming a polymeric binder.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
52 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said polymer is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, epoxy resin, polymerized lower alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, melamine-formaldehyde resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, chlorinated polyether, polycarbonate, phenol-formaldehyde resin, polysulfone, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, and styrene-butadiene copolymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein the polymer is an epoxy resin, a polymerized lower alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, polysulfone, or polystyrene.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein the colloidal electrically conductive material is graphite, heat treated carbon, or a powdered metal, and wherein the particulate electrically conductive material is graphite, or heat treated carbon.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrode of claim 4 wherein the colloidal electrically conductive material is graphite.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
61 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said electrode contains at least 1 weight per cent of said colloidal electrically conductive material, at least 5 weight per cent of said particulate electrically conductive material, at least 1 weight per cent of said polymeric binder, and at least 70 weight per cent of manganese dioxide, the percentages being based on weight of electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said electrode is a flat electrode having a thickness of from about 10 to about 50 mils.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrochemical device having an anode, a cathode, and an aqueous electrolyte in contact with said anode and cathode, wherein, in the charged condition, said cathode is the electrode of claim 1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrochemical device of claim 8 wherein the anode is zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, or magnesium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrochemical device of claim 8 wherein the anode is zinc or cadmium, and the electrolyte is aqueous alkali.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The electrochemical device of claim 8 wherein the anode is lead and the electrolyte is aqueous acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrochemical device of claim 8 wherein the anode is magnesium and the electrolyte is aqueous magnesium bromide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
98 words
Process for producing a coherent electrode comprising the steps: a. preparing a first mixture of an electrolyte-wettable polymeric binder and a colloidal electrically conductive material so as to form a conductive binder mixture; b. mixing particulate manganese dioxide, particulate electrically conductive material and the conductive binder mixture of step a) to form a mixture of said materials; and c. forming said mixture of the four materials into a coherent electrode wherein the particulate manganese dioxide and particulate electrically conductive material are dispersed in the conductive binder composed of the colloidal electrically conductive material and the electrolyte-wettable polymeric binder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
98 words
Process for producing a coherent electrode comprising the steps: a. preparing a first mixture of an electrolyte-wettable polymeric binder and a colloidal electrically conductive material so as to form a conductive binder mixture; b. mixing particulate manganese dioxide, particulate electrically conductive material and the conductive binder mixture of step a) to form a mixture of said materials; and c. forming said mixture of the four materials into a coherent electrode wherein the particulate manganese dioxide and particulate electrically conductive material are dispersed in the conductive binder composed of the colloidal electrically conductive material and the electrolyte-wettable polymeric binder.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 13 wherein in step (b) the forming of said mixture into a coherent electrode includes contacting said mixture with a current collector.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the polymeric binder is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, epoxy resin, polymerized lower alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid, melamine-formaldehyde resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, chlorinated polyether, polycarbonate, phenol-formaldehyde resin, polysulfone, polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, and styrene-butadiene copolymer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the colloidal electrically conductive material is graphite, heat treated carbon, or a powdered metal, wherein the particulate electrically conductive material is heat-treated carbon or graphite, and wherein the polymeric binder is employed as a solution or a dispersion in a volatile liquid.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said colloidal electrically conductive material is graphite.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the colloidal graphite is employed as a dispersion in said volatile liquid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 13 wherein step (b) includes subjecting said mixture of the four materials to pressure.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 16 wherein step (b) includes subjecting said mixture of the materials to pressure, said volatilizing said volatile liquid to form pores in said coherent electrode.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-03-23 | 1979-09-22 | 1980-03-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-03-23 | 1983-09-22 | 1984-03-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-03-23 | 1987-09-22 | 1988-03-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |