Optical arrangement for double-passing Ebert monochromator and for coupling double monochromator systems

Claim 2

In combination with an additive dispersion, double-pass monochromator, and comprising a. means forming an entrance slit S 1 , intermediate slits S 2 and S 3 , and an exit slit S 4 , said slits having curvature defining a circle, b. dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 , and also in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , and defining an aperture stop, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the dispersing means and to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 3 and S 4 via the dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits S 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and for reimaging the aperture stop back on itself.

Claim 3

The combination of claim 1 wherein said coupling optical means include a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , an intermediate mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and another spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 .

Claim 4

The combination of claim 2 wherein the slits S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and S 4 are located on the Ebert circle of radius ρ.

Claim 5

The combination of claim 3 wherein each of said mirrors M 2a and M 2c has a radius equal to √2 ρ, and the principal rays incident on and reflected from said mirrors lie at about 45° to the normal at the points of reflection.

Claim 6

The combination of claim 2 wherein said intermediate mirror M 2b is cylindrical.

Claim 7

The combination of claim 3 wherein the dispersing means comprises a grating having rulings parallel to the tangents to the Ebert circle at the centers of the slits S 1 and S 2 , and the rulings extending at equal angles relative to the tangents to the Ebert circle at the centers of slits S 3 and S 4 .

Claim 8

In combination with an additive dispersion, double-pass monochromator, and comprising a. means forming an entrance slit S 1 , intermediate slits S 2 and S 3 , and an exit slit S 4 , said slits having curvature defining a circle, dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 , and also in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , and defining an aperture stop, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the dispersing means and to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 3 and S 4 via the dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits s 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , and intermediate cylindrical mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 .

Claim 9

In combination with an additive dispersion, double-pass monochromator, and comprising a. means forming an entrance slit S 1 , intermediate slits S 2 and S 3 , and an exit slit S 4 , said slits having curvature defining a circle, dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 , and also in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , and defining an aperture stop, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the dispersing means and to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 3 and S 4 via the dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits s 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , and intermediate cylindrical mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 .

Claim 10

In combination with a monochromator having first and second sections, and comprising a. means forming entrance and exit slits S 1 and S 2 respectively in the first section, and entrance and exit slits s 3 and S 4 respectively in the second section, said slits S 1 and S 2 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 1 , and said slits S 3 and S 4 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 2 , b. a first dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 and a second dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , the first and second dispersing means respectively defining first and second aperture stops, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the first dispersing means, and to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 3 and S 4 via the second dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits S 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , an intermediate cylindrical mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 , e. the radius of mirror M 2a corresponding to √2 ρ 1 , f. the radius of mirror M 2c corresponding to √2 ρ 2 , g. the mirrors having centers of curvature so placed that the rays incident on and reflected from each mirror define a 90° angle.

Claim 11

In combination with a monochromator having first and second sections, and comprising a. means forming entrance and exit slits S 1 and S 2 respectively in the first section, and entrance and exit slits s 3 and S 4 respectively in the second section, said slits S 1 and S 2 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 1 , and said slits S 3 and S 4 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 2 , b. a first dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 and a second dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , the first and second dispersing means respectively defining first and second aperture stops, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the first dispersing means, and to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 3 and S 4 via the second dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits S 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , an intermediate cylindrical mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 , e. the radius of mirror M 2a corresponding to √2 ρ 1 , f. the radius of mirror M 2c corresponding to √2 ρ 2 , g. the mirrors having centers of curvature so placed that the rays incident on and reflected from each mirror define a 90° angle.

Claim 12

In combination with a monochromator having first and second sections, and comprising a. means forming entrance and exit slits S 1 and S 2 respectively in the first section, and entrance and exit slits S 3 and S 4 respectively in the second section, said slits S 1 and S 2 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 1 , and said slits S 3 and S 4 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 2 , b. a first dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 and a second dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , the first and second dispersing means respectively defining first and second aperture stops, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the first dispersing means, and to reflect the beam for passage between slits s 3 and S 4 via the second dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits S 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , an intermediate mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 , e. the radius of mirror M 2a corresponding to √2 ρ 1 , f. the radius of mirror M 2c corresponding to √2 ρ 2 , g. the mirrors having centers of curvature so placed that the rays incident on and reflected from each mirror define a 90° angle, h. and a field lens at S 2 and another field lens at S 3 .

Claim 13

In combination with a monochromator having first and second sections, and comprising a. means forming entrance and exit slits S 1 and S 2 respectively in the first section, and entrance and exit slits S 3 and S 4 respectively in the second section, said slits S 1 and S 2 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 1 , and said slits S 3 and S 4 having curvature defining a circle of radius ρ 2 , b. a first dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 1 and S 2 and a second dispersing means in the beam path between the slits S 3 and S 4 , the first and second dispersing means respectively defining first and second aperture stops, and c. mirror means to reflect the beam for passage between slits S 1 and S 2 via the first dispersing means, and to reflect the beam for passage between slits s 3 and S 4 via the second dispersing means, d. the improvement comprising coupling optical means located in the beam path between slits S 2 and S 3 for imaging S 2 onto S 3 and including a spherical mirror M 2a to receive the beam passing through slit S 2 , an intermediate mirror M 2b to receive and reflect the beam reflected from M 2a , and a spherical mirror M 2c to receive the beam reflected from M 2b and reflect that beam toward slit S 3 , e. the radius of mirror M 2a corresponding to √2 ρ 1 , f. the radius of mirror M 2c corresponding to √2 ρ 2 , g. the mirrors having centers of curvature so placed that the rays incident on and reflected from each mirror define a 90° angle, h. and a field lens at S 2 and another field lens at S 3 .