US3934066A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fire-resistant intumescent laminates
Assignee: WR Grace and Co
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Filing: 1973-07-18
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Granted: 1976-01-20
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Expires: 1993-07-18
Abstract
Abstract A fire-retardant, intumescent laminate system suitable for application to combustible or heat-sensitive substrates comprises an intumescent layer which is a porous sheet material, e.g., paper or foams saturated with an intumescent composition and having a flexible protective layer adhered to the intumescent layer. The intumescent laminate system may include a vapor barrier layer, e.g., aluminum foil and/or a thermal barrier layer, e.g., glass wool or cardboard adjacent to the intumescent layer, and is particularly suitable as a protective, fireretardant overlay on thermally delicate substrates such as organic foams, e.g., polystyrene.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert Matthews Murch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 21:19
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B27/00; B32B27/12; B32B1/00; B32B13/00; B32B13/04; B32B13/045; B32B13/06; B32B13/08; B32B13/12; B32B13/14; B32B15/00; B32B15/04; B32B15/046; B32B15/08; B32B15/10; B32B15/12; B32B15/14; B32B15/20; B32B21/00; B32B21/04; B32B21/047; B32B21/06; B32B21/08; B32B21/10; B32B27/06; B32B27/065; B32B27/10; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B29/00; B32B29/002; B32B29/005; B32B29/007; B32B29/02; B32B5/00; B32B5/02; B32B5/18; B32B5/22; B32B5/24; B32B5/245; B32B5/26; E; E04; E04B; E04B1/00; E04B1/62; E04B1/92; E04B1/94; F; F16; F16L; F16L57/00; F16L57/04; B32B2260/00; B32B2260/02; B32B2260/021; B32B2260/028; B32B2260/04; B32B2260/044; B32B2260/046; B32B2262/00; B32B2262/06; B32B2262/062; B32B2262/10; B32B2262/101; B32B2262/108; B32B2266/00; B32B2266/02; B32B2266/0214; B32B2266/0221; B32B2266/0228; B32B2266/025; B32B2266/0278; B32B2266/06; B32B2266/10; B32B2266/104; B32B2305/00; B32B2305/02; B32B2305/026; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/30; B32B2307/304; B32B2307/306; B32B2307/3065; B32B2307/50; B32B2307/546; B32B2307/70; B32B2307/724; B32B2307/7242; B32B2307/7246; B32B2317/00; B32B2317/12; B32B2317/125; B32B2327/00; B32B2327/06; B32B2419/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/92; Y10S428/921; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/249921; Y10T428/249953; Y10T428/249987; Y10T428/24999; Y10T428/249991; Y10T428/249992; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/20; Y10T442/2631; Y10T442/2648; Y10T442/30; Y10T442/3325; Y10T442/3333; Y10T442/60; Y10T442/647; Y10T442/648
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
131 words
An intumescent, fire retardant laminate system for application to a substrate to be protected from fire and heat comprising a. an intumescent layer comprising at least one porous cellulosic sheet material selected from the group consisting of paper and fabric, impregnated with a water-soluble intumescent composition consisting essentially of 1. a heat-curable amino-aliphatic aldehyde condensation product as a resinous carbonific, 2. a non-resinous carbonific selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates and polyhydroxy alcohols, and 3. a spumific selected from the group consisting of monoammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, sodium tungstate and mixtures thereof; and b. a flexible, protective layer adhered to the outer surface of said intumescent layer, said protective layer being selected from the group consisting of organic thermoplastic resin layers and metallic foils.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
131 words
An intumescent, fire retardant laminate system for application to a substrate to be protected from fire and heat comprising a. an intumescent layer comprising at least one porous cellulosic sheet material selected from the group consisting of paper and fabric, impregnated with a water-soluble intumescent composition consisting essentially of 1. a heat-curable amino-aliphatic aldehyde condensation product as a resinous carbonific, 2. a non-resinous carbonific selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates and polyhydroxy alcohols, and 3. a spumific selected from the group consisting of monoammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, sodium tungstate and mixtures thereof; and b. a flexible, protective layer adhered to the outer surface of said intumescent layer, said protective layer being selected from the group consisting of organic thermoplastic resin layers and metallic foils.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
163 words
A fire retardant laminate comprising: a. an organic polymeric foam to be protected from fire and heat, b. at least one intermediate barrier layer selected from the group consisting of a thermal barrier layer and a vapor barrier layer adhered to said foam, said thermal barrier layer consisting essentially of at least one heat insulative material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, glass wool, inorganic cements, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, wood, cardboard, cellulosic webs, and asbestos paper; and said vapor barrier layer consisting essentially of at least one vapor impermeable material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of metallic foils; and synthetic plastic films; and c. an intumescent layer adhered to said intermediate barrier layer, said intumescent layer comprising at least one porous cellulosic sheet material selected from the group consisting of paper and fabric, impregnated with a water-soluble intumescent composition consisting essentially of
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
163 words
A fire retardant laminate comprising: a. an organic polymeric foam to be protected from fire and heat, b. at least one intermediate barrier layer selected from the group consisting of a thermal barrier layer and a vapor barrier layer adhered to said foam, said thermal barrier layer consisting essentially of at least one heat insulative material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, glass wool, inorganic cements, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, wood, cardboard, cellulosic webs, and asbestos paper; and said vapor barrier layer consisting essentially of at least one vapor impermeable material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of metallic foils; and synthetic plastic films; and c. an intumescent layer adhered to said intermediate barrier layer, said intumescent layer comprising at least one porous cellulosic sheet material selected from the group consisting of paper and fabric, impregnated with a water-soluble intumescent composition consisting essentially of
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
81 words
a heat-curable amino-aliphatic aldehyde condensation product as a resinous carbonific, 2. a non-resinous carbonific selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates and polyhydroxy alcohols, and 3. a spumific selected from the group consisting of monoammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, sodium tungstate and mixtures thereof; and d. a flexible, protective layer adhered to the outer surface of said intumescent layer, said protective layer being selected from the group consisting of organic thermoplastic resin layers and metallic foils.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
81 words
a heat-curable amino-aliphatic aldehyde condensation product as a resinous carbonific, 2. a non-resinous carbonific selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates and polyhydroxy alcohols, and 3. a spumific selected from the group consisting of monoammonium phosphate, di-ammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate, ammonium bromide, sodium tungstate and mixtures thereof; and d. a flexible, protective layer adhered to the outer surface of said intumescent layer, said protective layer being selected from the group consisting of organic thermoplastic resin layers and metallic foils.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A laminate system of claim 1 wherein the intumescent composition includes a blowing agent selected from the group consisting of boric acid, dicyandiamide, ammonium oxalate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
A laminate system of claim 2 wherein the intumescent composition includes a blowing agent selected from the group consisting of boric acid, dicyandiamide, ammonium oxalate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A laminate of claim 1 wherein the organic thermoplastic resin layer is a polyvinyl chloride film.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein the organic thermoplastic resin layer is a polyvinyl chloride film.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
A laminate comprising the fire retardant laminate system of claim 1 adhered to a plywood substrate to be protected from fire and heat.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
66 words
A laminate system of claim 1 wherein at least one thermal barrier layer is adhered to the inner surface of said intumescent layer, said thermal barrier layer consisting essentially of a heat insulative material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of mineral wool, glass wool, inorganic cements, expanded vermiculite, expanded perlite, wood, cardboard, cellulosic webs and asbestos paper.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
55 words
A laminate system of claim 1 wherein at least one vapor barrier layer is adhered to the inner surface of said intumescent layer, said vapor barrier layer consisting essentially of a vapor impermeable material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of metallic foils, and synthetic plastic films.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
56 words
A laminate system of claim 8 wherein at least one vapor barrier layer is adhered between said intumescent layer and said thermal barrier layer, said vapor barrier layer consisting essentially of a vapor impermeable material that is thermally stable at least up to 200°C selected from the group consisting of metallic foils, and synthetic plastic films.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
A laminate system of claim 1 wherein the intumescent composition comprises from 50 to 800 percent by weight dry basis of the porous sheet material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
A laminate system of claim 1 wherein said porous sheet material is paper.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein said intermediate layer is a thermal barrier layer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
A laminate of claim 13 wherein said vapor barrier layer is adhered between said intumescent layer and said thermal barrier layer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
24 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein the intumescent composition comprises from 50 to 800 percent by weight dry basis of the porous sheet material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein said organic foam is polystyrene.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein said porous sheet material is paper.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein said thermal barrier layer is cardboard.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A laminate of claim 2 wherein said vapor barrier layer is an aluminum foil.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate system of claim 2 wherein the flexible protective layer is an organic thermoplastic resin layer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
A laminate system of claim 2 wherein the flexible protective layer is an organic thermoplastic resin layer.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-01-19 | 1979-07-21 | 1980-01-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-01-19 | 1983-07-21 | 1984-01-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-01-19 | 1987-07-21 | 1988-01-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |