US3929467A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Grain refining of metals and alloys
Assignee: Huntington Alloys Corp
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Filing: 1973-05-21
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Granted: 1975-12-30
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Expires: 1993-05-21
Abstract
Abstract An innoculating additive comprised of a nickel carrier and tungsten oxide particles is useful in grain refining alloys such as nickel-base superalloys.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter Wesley Davies
- 👤 John Philip Dennison
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 04:12
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C1/00; C22C1/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
A PROCESS FOR GRAIN REFINING A METAL OR ALLOY DURING SOLIDIFICATION FROM THE MOLTEN STATE WHICH COMPRISES INTRODUCTING INTO A MELT OF THE METAL OR ALLOY AN INNOCULATING ADDITIVE COMPRISED OF A NICKEL CARRIER AND TUNGSTEN OXIDE PARTICLES IN AT LEAST A SMALL BUT EFFECTIVE AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO INDUCE GRAIN REFINEMENT UPON SOLIDIFICATION, NICKEL DISSOLVING IN THE MELT AND SOLID TUNGSTEN OXIDE NUCLEI BEING DISPERSED THEREIN.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
66 words
A PROCESS FOR GRAIN REFINING A METAL OR ALLOY DURING SOLIDIFICATION FROM THE MOLTEN STATE WHICH COMPRISES INTRODUCTING INTO A MELT OF THE METAL OR ALLOY AN INNOCULATING ADDITIVE COMPRISED OF A NICKEL CARRIER AND TUNGSTEN OXIDE PARTICLES IN AT LEAST A SMALL BUT EFFECTIVE AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO INDUCE GRAIN REFINEMENT UPON SOLIDIFICATION, NICKEL DISSOLVING IN THE MELT AND SOLID TUNGSTEN OXIDE NUCLEI BEING DISPERSED THEREIN.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the additive is in the form of strip from 0.05 to 0.4 mm. thick.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the additive comprises an internally oxidized single-phase alloy.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 3 in which the additive comprises an internally oxidized nickel-tungsten alloy containing 1 to 17% tungsten.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the alloy contains from 1% to 6% tungsten.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the melt is an alloy with a base of nickel or nickel and copper or nickel and chromium or nickel, chromium and cobalt, in each case with or without iron up to 50%.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
79 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the melt is an alloY having a composition falling within the following ranges: 20 to 80% nickel, 5 to 35% chromium, 0 to 40% cobalt and 0 to 50% iron, up to 10% aluminum, up to 10% titanium, up to 15% molybdenum, up to 8% niobium, up to 8% tantalum, up to 25% tungsten, up to 3% vanadium, up to 2% zirconium, up to 1% boron and up to 5% hafnium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
86 words
A process according to claim 1 in which the melt is an alloy having a composition falling within the following ranges: from 6% to 30% chromium, up to 30% iron, aluminum in an amount of at least 0.4 to 8%, up to 6% titanium, up to 8% molybdenum, up to 20% tungsten, up to 0.25% carbon, up to 6% niobium, up to 6% tantalum, up to 3% vanadium, up to 0.5% boron, up to 2% zirconium, up to 5% hafnium, and at least about 50% nickel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 in which from 0.2 to 0.8% additive by weight of the melt is introduced.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 in which from 0.2 to 0.5% additive by weight of the melt in introduced.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
45 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 in which the tungsten oxide was formed by heating in air to the point that an external coating was formed and the remainder of the oxidation process was conducted in a substantial vacuum whereby scaling losses are reduced.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US1248503A
Cited
US1639330A
Cited
US2185348A
Cited
US2188203A
Cited
US3595710A
Cited
US3635701A
Cited
US3768996A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-12-29 | 1979-06-30 | 1979-12-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-12-29 | 1983-06-30 | 1983-12-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-12-29 | 1987-06-30 | 1987-12-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |