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US3928815A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method and apparatus for operating laser

Assignee: Raytheon Co
•
Filing: 1974-06-03
•
Granted: 1975-12-23
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Expires: 1994-06-03
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Abstract

Abstract A Q-switched laser is disclosed for providing giant pulses of laser energy. A laser medium is employed wherein the lifetime of the upper energy level for the lasing transition is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when the medium is excited under a condition of low regeneration. The laser medium is excited to a condition of population inversion under a first regenerative condition insufficient to achieve laser oscillation but allowing a substantial excess population inversion to develop. Subsequently, the regenerative condition is switched to a condition of high regeneration sufficient to cause the laser medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if the first regenerative condition were not previously provided.

Inventors

  • 👤 Robert W Hellwarth

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-03 01:03
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/10; H01S3/11; H01S3/1123; H01S3/115

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim 98 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for varying the regenerative energy fed back to said medium between a first regenerative condition which precludes laser oscillation and a second regenerative condition which permits laser oscillation.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 98 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for varying the regenerative energy fed back to said medium between a first regenerative condition which precludes laser oscillation and a second regenerative condition which permits laser oscillation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 114 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for varying the regenerative energy fed back to said medium between a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs whereby laser oscillation is achieved.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 114 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for varying the regenerative energy fed back to said medium between a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs whereby laser oscillation is achieved.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 177 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, said medium being such that said light energy is polarized in a predetermined plane, reflecting means for reflecting a portion of said light energy back to said medium, polarizer means disposed in the path of said light energy between said medium and said reflecting means for substantially precluding light energy polarized in a preselected plane from returning to said medium without substantially affecting light energy polarized in a plane perpendicular to said preselected plane, said polarizer means being oriented such that said preselected plane and said predetermined plane bear a desired angular relationship to one another, and means disposed in said path between said medium and said reflecting means for altering the plane of polarization of the light energy traveling along said path.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 177 words
A laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, said medium being such that said light energy is polarized in a predetermined plane, reflecting means for reflecting a portion of said light energy back to said medium, polarizer means disposed in the path of said light energy between said medium and said reflecting means for substantially precluding light energy polarized in a preselected plane from returning to said medium without substantially affecting light energy polarized in a plane perpendicular to said preselected plane, said polarizer means being oriented such that said preselected plane and said predetermined plane bear a desired angular relationship to one another, and means disposed in said path between said medium and said reflecting means for altering the plane of polarization of the light energy traveling along said path.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 170 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the Lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition insufficient to achieve laser oscillation and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition sufficient to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantiially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 170 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the Lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition insufficient to achieve laser oscillation and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition sufficient to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantiially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 182 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition in which little regeneration of said light energy occurs and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 182 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition in which little regeneration of said light energy occurs and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 183 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 183 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration, means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, means for regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said medium, and means for controlling the regenerative energy fed back to said medium to first provide a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and to subsequently provide a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 176 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration; means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs; reflecting means for reflecting a portion of said light energy back to said medium; and means for controlling the light energy fed back to said medium to first substantially prevent regeneration of said light energy and thereby enable energy storage to occur in said medium, and to subsequEntly provide high regeneration of said light energy to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted in the absence of said energy storage.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 176 words
A giant pulse laser device comprising: a medium capable of being excited to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency and wherein the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is pumped under a condition of low regeneration; means for pumping said medium to said condition of population inversion whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs; reflecting means for reflecting a portion of said light energy back to said medium; and means for controlling the light energy fed back to said medium to first substantially prevent regeneration of said light energy and thereby enable energy storage to occur in said medium, and to subsequEntly provide high regeneration of said light energy to cause said medium to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted in the absence of said energy storage.
Claim 15
Independent Claim 84 words
A method for operating a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material, and varying the regenerative energy fed back to said material between a first regenerative condition which precludes laser oscillation and a second regenerative condition which permits laser oscillation.
Claim 16
Independent Claim 84 words
A method for operating a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material, and varying the regenerative energy fed back to said material between a first regenerative condition which precludes laser oscillation and a second regenerative condition which permits laser oscillation.
Claim 17
Independent Claim 100 words
A method for operating a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material, and varying the regenerative energy fed back to said material between a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs whereby laser oscillation is achieved.
Claim 18
Independent Claim 100 words
A method for operating a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs, regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material, and varying the regenerative energy fed back to said material between a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs and a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs whereby laser oscillation is achieved.
Claim 19
Independent Claim 155 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition insufficient to achieve laser oscillation, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition sufficient to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 20
Independent Claim 155 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition insufficient to achieve laser oscillation, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition sufficient to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 21
Independent Claim 167 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition in which little regeneration of said light energy occurs, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 22
Independent Claim 167 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition in which little regeneration of said light energy occurs, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 23
Independent Claim 168 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.
Claim 24
Independent Claim 168 words
A method for substantially increasing the peak power output of a laser device comprising: exciting laser material to a condition in which population inversion occurs between a pair of energy levels having an energy separation corresponding to a light frequency whereby stimulated emission of light energy at said frequency occurs while regeneratively feeding a portion of said light energy back to said material under a first regenerative condition in which substantially no regeneration of said light energy occurs, said laser material being such that the lifetime of the upper one of said energy levels is sufficiently long to permit a substantial excess population inversion to develop when said medium is excited under said first regenerative condition; and subsequently switching the regenerative condition to a second regenerative condition in which high regeneration of said light energy occurs to cause said material to emit a pulse of light having a peak power substantially greater than that which would have been emitted if said first regenerative condition were not previously provided.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3388314A Cited
US3353115A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1978-12-22 1979-06-23 1979-12-23 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1982-12-22 1983-06-23 1983-12-23 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1986-12-22 1987-06-23 1987-12-23 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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