US3926765A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrochemical electrode structure
Assignee: IL Holding Spa
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Filing: 1973-12-20
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Granted: 1975-12-16
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Expires: 1993-12-20
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical electrode system includes a first chamber adapted to contain electrolyte and a second chamber adapted to contain the material to be analyzed. An opening is associated with each chamber and the openings are in juxtaposed relation to one another. The system further includes a flow control member that is disposed between the two openings. Structure is provided for sealing the two openings to the flow control member in position between the openings.
Inventors
- 👤 Ihsan A Haddad
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 01:06
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
216 words
AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SENSING ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAINE A SAMPLE TO BE ANALYZED, A REFERENCE ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, AND AN IONIC JUNCTION STRUCTURE INCLUDING FIRST STRUCTURE CONNECTED TO SAID FIRST CHAMBER, SAID FIRST STRUCTURE HAVING AN OPENING THEREIN, SECOND STRUCTURE CONNECTED TO SAID SECOND CHAMBER, SAID SECOND STRUCTURE HAVING AN OPENING THEREIN, SAID OPENINGS BEING IN JUXTAPOSED RELATION, A POROUS FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS, GUIDE STRUCTURE FOR ESTABLISHING A PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION OF ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE TOWARD THE OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AND ALIGNMENT OF THE TWO OPENINGS WITH SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS FOR PROVIDING A CONTROLLED LIQUID FLOW PATH FOR ESTABLISHING AN IONIC JUNCTION BETWEEN THE ELECTROLYTE AND THE SAMPLE MATERIAL TO BE MEASURED BY THE ELECTRODE SYSTEM, BIASING STRUCTURE FOR MAINTAINING SURFACES OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES IN JUXTOPOSED CLAMPING RELATION WHILE NOT IMPOSING SHEAR FORCE ON THE SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID SURFACES AND LEVER STRUCTURE OPERABLE TO MOVE SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AWAY FROM SAID OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTRE ALONG SAID PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION TO RELEASE THE CLAMPING FORCE IMPOSED BY SAID BIASING STRUCTURE ON SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
216 words
AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SENSING ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAINE A SAMPLE TO BE ANALYZED, A REFERENCE ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, AND AN IONIC JUNCTION STRUCTURE INCLUDING FIRST STRUCTURE CONNECTED TO SAID FIRST CHAMBER, SAID FIRST STRUCTURE HAVING AN OPENING THEREIN, SECOND STRUCTURE CONNECTED TO SAID SECOND CHAMBER, SAID SECOND STRUCTURE HAVING AN OPENING THEREIN, SAID OPENINGS BEING IN JUXTAPOSED RELATION, A POROUS FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS, GUIDE STRUCTURE FOR ESTABLISHING A PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION OF ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE TOWARD THE OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AND ALIGNMENT OF THE TWO OPENINGS WITH SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS FOR PROVIDING A CONTROLLED LIQUID FLOW PATH FOR ESTABLISHING AN IONIC JUNCTION BETWEEN THE ELECTROLYTE AND THE SAMPLE MATERIAL TO BE MEASURED BY THE ELECTRODE SYSTEM, BIASING STRUCTURE FOR MAINTAINING SURFACES OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES IN JUXTOPOSED CLAMPING RELATION WHILE NOT IMPOSING SHEAR FORCE ON THE SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID SURFACES AND LEVER STRUCTURE OPERABLE TO MOVE SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AWAY FROM SAID OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTRE ALONG SAID PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION TO RELEASE THE CLAMPING FORCE IMPOSED BY SAID BIASING STRUCTURE ON SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
70 words
The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said member is an elongated strip, and a plurality of porous flow control sections are arranged in series along said strip such that said strip may be advanced past said juxtaposed openings to change the flow control section between said openings, and said lever structure is operative to reduce the biasing force of said biasing structure to facilitate movement of said member.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first structure includes inlet and outlet portions, said inlet and outlet portions being disposed in an angle to one another and said opening in said first structure being adjacent the junction of said inlet and outlet portions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
87 words
The system as claimed in claim 3 wherein said member is a membrane having a multiplicity of parallel passages that are substantially equal in length, the density of said passages in said member being at least about 108 per square centimeter, and wherein the passage dimensions of said member are such that the flow rate of electrolyte from said chamber to said sample flow path through said passages is less than 0.1 microliter per minute per square millimeter of porous member area per centimeter head of electrolyte.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
73 words
The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said member is an elongated strip having a plurality of porous flow control sections arranged in series, and further including supply structure and take up structure, the leading end of said strip being in said take up structure, the trailing end of said strip being in said supply structure, and means connected to said take up structure for advancing said strip past said juxtaposed openings.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein each said flow control section has a multiplicity of parallel passages therethrough, the width of each passage being less than one-half micron such that a multiplicity of ionic junctions are adapted to be provided by each said flow control section between electrolyte and the material to be analyzed.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
87 words
The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said member is a membrane having a multiplicity of parallel passages that are substantially equal in length, the density of said passages in said member being at least about 108 per square centimeter, and wherein the passage dimensions of said member are such that the flow rate of electrolyte from said chamber to said sample flow path through said passages is less than 0.1 microliter per minute per square millimeter of porous member area per centimeter head of electrolyte.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first structure includes inlet and outlet portions, said inlet and outlet portions being disposed in an angle to one another and said orifice in said first structure being adjacent the junction of said inlet and outlet portions.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
110 words
FOR USE WITH AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SENSING ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN A SAMPLE TO BE ANALYZED, AND A REFERENCE ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, AN IONIC JUNCTION STRUCTURE INCLUDING FIRST STRUCTURE DEFINING A FIRST PASSAGE ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID FIRST CHAMBER, SAID FIRST PASSAGE HAVING AN ORIFICE THEREIN, SECOND STRUCTURE DEFINING A SECOND PASSAGE ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID SECOND CHAMBER, SAID SECOND PASSAGE HAVING AN ORIFICE THEREIN, SAID ORIFICES BEING IN JUXTAPOSED RELATION, AND AN ELONGATED STRIP HAVING A PLURALITY OF POROUS FLOW CONTROL SECTIONS ARRANGED IN SERIES ALONG SAID
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
110 words
FOR USE WITH AN ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODE SYSTEM INCLUDING A SENSING ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN A SAMPLE TO BE ANALYZED, AND A REFERENCE ELECTRODE SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, AN IONIC JUNCTION STRUCTURE INCLUDING FIRST STRUCTURE DEFINING A FIRST PASSAGE ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID FIRST CHAMBER, SAID FIRST PASSAGE HAVING AN ORIFICE THEREIN, SECOND STRUCTURE DEFINING A SECOND PASSAGE ADAPTED TO BE CONNECTED TO SAID SECOND CHAMBER, SAID SECOND PASSAGE HAVING AN ORIFICE THEREIN, SAID ORIFICES BEING IN JUXTAPOSED RELATION, AND AN ELONGATED STRIP HAVING A PLURALITY OF POROUS FLOW CONTROL SECTIONS ARRANGED IN SERIES ALONG SAID
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
The system as claimed in claim 9 wherein each said flow control section has a multiplicity of parallel passages therethrough, the width of each passage being less than one-half micron such that a multiplicity of ionic junctions are adapted to be provided by each said flow control section between electrolyte and the material to be analyzed.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
55 words
The system as claimed in claim 10 and further including supply structure and take up structure, the leading end of said strip being in said take up structure, the trailing end of said strip being in said supply structure, and means connected to said take up structure for advancing said strip past said juxtaposed orifices.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
The system as claimed in claim 11 and further including means for resiliently biasing said second structure against said strip, and means for reducing the biasing force to facilitate movement of said strip relative to said first passage.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
46 words
The system as claimed in claim 12 wherein said first structure includes inlet and outlet portions, said inlet and outlet portions being disposed in an angle to one another and said orifice in said first structure being adjacent the junction of said inlet and outlet portions.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
66 words
The system as claimed in claim 9 and further including guide structure for establishing straight line motion of said second structure toward said first structure without rotation of said second structure relative to said first structure to clamp one of said sections of said strip between said orifices and to maintain said one section under clamping pressure while not imposing shear force on said one section.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
87 words
The system as claimed in claim 14 wherein said strip is a membrane having a multiplicity of parallel passages that are substantially equal in length, the density of said passages in said strip being at least about 108 per square centimeter, and wherein the passage dimensions of said strip are such that the flow rate of electrolyte from said chamber to said sample flow path through said passages is less than 0.1 microliter per minute per square millimeter of porous strip area per centimeter head of electrolyte.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
38 words
The system as claimed in claim 9 and further including means for resiliently biasing said second structure against said strip, and means for reducing the biasing force to facilitate movement of said strip relative to said first passage.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
205 words
AN ELECTRODE SYSTEM FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE COMPRISING STRUCTURE DEFINING A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, STRUCTURE DEFINING A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN THE MATERIAL TO BE ANALYZED, EACH SAID CHAMBER HAVING OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE IN COMMUNICATION THEREWITH, A FLOW CONTROL MEMBER CARRIED BY ONE OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES AND DISPOSED OVER THE OPENING OF SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE, GUIDE STRUCTURE FOR ESTABLISHING A PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION OF ONE OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES TOWARD THE OTHER OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES AND ALIGNMENT OF THE TWO SAID OPENINGS WITH SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS FOR PROVIDING A CONTROLLED LIQUID FLOW PATH FOR ESTABLISHING AN IONIC JUNCTION BETWEEN THE ELECTROLYTE AND THE SAMPLE MATERIAL TO BE MEASURED BY THE ELECTRODE SYSTEM, BIASING STRUCTURE FOR MAINTAINING SURFACES OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES IN JUXTAPOSED FLOW CONTROL MEMBER CLAMPING RELATION WHILE NOT IMPOSING SHEAR FORCE ON THE SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID SURFACES AND LEVER STRUCTURE OPERABLE TO MOVE SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AWAY FROM SAID OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE ALONG SAID PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION TO RELEASE THE CLAMPING FORCE IMPOSED BY SAID BIASING STRUCTURE ON SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
205 words
AN ELECTRODE SYSTEM FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF A SAMPLE COMPRISING STRUCTURE DEFINING A FIRST CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN AN ELECTROLYTE, STRUCTURE DEFINING A SECOND CHAMBER ADAPTED TO CONTAIN THE MATERIAL TO BE ANALYZED, EACH SAID CHAMBER HAVING OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE IN COMMUNICATION THEREWITH, A FLOW CONTROL MEMBER CARRIED BY ONE OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES AND DISPOSED OVER THE OPENING OF SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE, GUIDE STRUCTURE FOR ESTABLISHING A PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION OF ONE OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES TOWARD THE OTHER OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES AND ALIGNMENT OF THE TWO SAID OPENINGS WITH SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID OPENINGS FOR PROVIDING A CONTROLLED LIQUID FLOW PATH FOR ESTABLISHING AN IONIC JUNCTION BETWEEN THE ELECTROLYTE AND THE SAMPLE MATERIAL TO BE MEASURED BY THE ELECTRODE SYSTEM, BIASING STRUCTURE FOR MAINTAINING SURFACES OF SAID OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURES IN JUXTAPOSED FLOW CONTROL MEMBER CLAMPING RELATION WHILE NOT IMPOSING SHEAR FORCE ON THE SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER INTERPOSED BETWEEN SAID SURFACES AND LEVER STRUCTURE OPERABLE TO MOVE SAID ONE OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE AWAY FROM SAID OTHER OPENING DEFINING STRUCTURE ALONG SAID PATH OF STRAIGHT LINE MOTION TO RELEASE THE CLAMPING FORCE IMPOSED BY SAID BIASING STRUCTURE ON SAID FLOW CONTROL MEMBER.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-12-15 | 1979-06-16 | 1979-12-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-12-15 | 1983-06-16 | 1983-12-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-12-15 | 1987-06-16 | 1987-12-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |