Temperature compensated dielectric resonators

Claim 2

A microwave device comprising a first member, and a second member of pyroelectric ferroelectric material disposed on said first member, said second member having an optical axis and abutting said first member in a configuration that allows charge separation to occur between two separate surfaces intercepting said optical axis, and resistive means contacting and providing coupling between said two surfaces of said second member and having a resistance less than that of said pyroelectric ferroelectric material for counteracting said charge separation.

Claim 3

A microwave device according to claim 1 in which the resistance of the resistive means is selected substantially to counteract changes in the effective temperature coefficient of said second member for changes in temperature at differing rates.

Claim 4

A microwave device according to claim 1 in which one of the two surfaces of said second member is substantially normal to said optical axis and abuts said first member to form an interface therewith and in which the resistive means contacts and provides coupling between said interface and the other of the two surfaces.

Claim 5

A microwave device according to claim 1 in which the first and second members form an interface substantially parallel to the optical axis of the second member, the two surfaces intercepting the optical axis being substantially normal to said interface and in which the resistive means contacts and provides coupling between said two surfaces.

Claim 6

A composite dielectric microwave resonator comprising a first member of paraElectric material and a second member of pyroelectric ferroelectric material, said second member abutting said first member in a configuration that allows charge separation to occur between two separate surfaces of said second member, said two surfaces intercepting the optical axis of said second member, and resistive means disposed on said second member to contact and provide coupling between said two surfaces, said resistive means having a resistance less than that of the ferroelectric material of said second member for facilitating discharge of the separated charge.

Claim 7

A composite dielectric microwave resonator comprising a first member of paraElectric material and a second member of pyroelectric ferroelectric material, said second member abutting said first member in a configuration that allows charge separation to occur between two separate surfaces of said second member, said two surfaces intercepting the optical axis of said second member, and resistive means disposed on said second member to contact and provide coupling between said two surfaces, said resistive means having a resistance less than that of the ferroelectric material of said second member for facilitating discharge of the separated charge.

Claim 8

A composite dielectric microwave resonator according to claim 5 in which said first and second members abut each other at an interface substantially normal to the optical axis of said second member, said interface including one of the two separate surfaces of the second member, and in which the resistive means extends across said interface.

Claim 9

A composite dielectric microwave resonator according to claim 5 in which the first and second members abut each other at an interface substantially parallel to the optical axis of said second member, the two separate surfaces of the second member being substantially normal to said interface, and in which the resistive means extends between and across said two surfaces.

Claim 10

A dielectric resonator for wave energy having a frequency in the microwave frequency range comprising: a first member having a high dielectric constant, a high Q, and a negative rate of change of dielectric constant with temperature over said frequency range, said first member including a paraelectric material; a second member having a high dielectric constant, a high Q, and a positive rate of change of dielectric constant with temperature over said frequency range, said second member comprising LiTaO3; said first and second members being arranged to form a composite resonator structure having a high effective dielectric constant, a high effective Q and a rate of change of said effective dielectric constant with temperature which is substantially low over said frequency range; and resistive means having a resistance less than that of the material comprising said second member for providing a discharge path between two surfaces of said second member for opposite charges accumulated on said surfaces.

Claim 11

A dielectric resonator for wave energy having a frequency in the microwave frequency range comprising: a first member having a high dielectric constant, a high Q, and a negative rate of change of dielectric constant with temperature over said frequency range, said first member including a paraelectric material; a second member having a high dielectric constant, a high Q, and a positive rate of change of dielectric constant with temperature over said frequency range, said second member comprising LiTaO3; said first and second members being arranged to form a composite resonator structure having a high effective dielectric constant, a high effective Q and a rate of change of said effective dielectric constant with temperature which is substantially low over said frequency range; and resistive means having a resistance less than that of the material comprising said second member for providing a discharge path between two surfaces of said second member for opposite charges accumulated on said surfaces.

Claim 12

A dielectric resonator in accordance with claim 8 in which one of the two surfaces of said second member is the interface between the first and second members and the resistive means provides coupling between the other of the two surfaces and said interface.

Claim 13

A dielectric resonator in accordance with claim 9 in which the second member has a cylindrical surface substantially orthogonal to said interface and in which said resistive means comprises a plurality of resistive strips of material, each of said strips extending on opposing sides along the length of the cylindrical surface of said second member and diagonally across said other surface and said interface.

Claim 14

A dielectric resonator in accordance with claim 8 in which the second member has two like portions forming two like interfaces with the first member substantially parallel their optical axes, and which includes, in addition, resistive means having a resistance less than that of said portions of said second member for providing coupling between two opposing end surfaces intercepting the optical axis of said first portion and for providing coupling between two opposing end surfaces intercepting the optical axis of said second portion, said first and second portions being polarized in opposite directions.

Claim 15

A dielectric resonator in accordance with claim 8 in which said second member comprises: first and second half cylindrical portions which are joined to the first member along their rectangular plane surfaces; said first portion being polarized in a first direction and having first and second semicircular end surfaces; said second portion being polarized in a direction opposite to Said first direction and having third and fourth semicircular end surfaces which are coplanar with said first and second surfaces, respectively, and resistive means having a resistance less than that of said second member for providing coupling between said first and third coplanar semicircular surfaces and for providing coupling between said second and fourth coplanar semicircular members.

Claim 16

A dielectric resonator in accordance with claim 12 in which said resistive means comprises: a first plurality of resistive srips of material, each of which extends across said first and third surfaces; and a second plurality of resistive strips of material, each of which extends across said second and fourth surfaces.