US3923756A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Thin film catalytic polymerization of water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated amide monomers
Assignee: ChampionX LLC
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Filing: 1974-12-23
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Granted: 1975-12-02
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Expires: 1994-12-23
Abstract
Abstract Water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated amide monomers, alone or in the presence of acrylic acid or alkyl-substituted acrylic acid are continuously catalytically polymerized, or co-polymerized, in thin films or layers and in the absence of oxygen at temperatures maintained within plus or minus 3*C. of predetermined optimum polymerization or co-polymerization temperatures.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerry J Svarz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 19:17
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F20/00; C08F20/02; C08F20/52; C08F20/54; B; B01; B01J; B01J10/00; B01J10/02; B01J19/00; B01J19/24; B01J19/247; B01J19/28; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S526/00; Y10S526/918; Y10S526/922
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
124 words
IN THE CONTINOUS CATALYTIC EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OR CO-POLYMERIZATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED AMIDE MONOMERS ALONE OR IN THE PRESENCE OF ACRYLIC ACID OR ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED ACRYLIC ACID WHILE FLOWING IN A THIN LAYER, THE STEPS WHICH COMPRISE: FEEDING A MIXTURE OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSION OF WATER-SOLUBLE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED AMIDE MONOMER AND POLYMERIZATION CATALYST THEREFOR INTO A HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING A REACTION CHAMBER OF UNIFORMLY NARROW CROSS SECTION FORMED BETWEEN OPPOSING SURFACES AT LEAST ONE OF WHICH PROVIDES A HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE OF SUBSTANTIAL AREA; FLOWING SAID MIXTURE THROUGH SAID REACTION CHAMBER WHILE SAID HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE AREA THEREOF IS MAINTAINED WITHIN PLUS OR MINUS 3*C. OF A PREDETERMINED POLYMERIZATION OR CO-POLYMERIZATION TEMPERATURE; AND, MAINTAINING SAID REACTIION CHAMBER AND SAID MIXTURE FLOWING THERETHROUGH, SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF OXYGEN.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
124 words
IN THE CONTINOUS CATALYTIC EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OR CO-POLYMERIZATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED AMIDE MONOMERS ALONE OR IN THE PRESENCE OF ACRYLIC ACID OR ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED ACRYLIC ACID WHILE FLOWING IN A THIN LAYER, THE STEPS WHICH COMPRISE: FEEDING A MIXTURE OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSION OF WATER-SOLUBLE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED AMIDE MONOMER AND POLYMERIZATION CATALYST THEREFOR INTO A HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING A REACTION CHAMBER OF UNIFORMLY NARROW CROSS SECTION FORMED BETWEEN OPPOSING SURFACES AT LEAST ONE OF WHICH PROVIDES A HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE OF SUBSTANTIAL AREA; FLOWING SAID MIXTURE THROUGH SAID REACTION CHAMBER WHILE SAID HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE AREA THEREOF IS MAINTAINED WITHIN PLUS OR MINUS 3*C. OF A PREDETERMINED POLYMERIZATION OR CO-POLYMERIZATION TEMPERATURE; AND, MAINTAINING SAID REACTIION CHAMBER AND SAID MIXTURE FLOWING THERETHROUGH, SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF OXYGEN.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method called for in claim 1 wherein both of said opposing surfaces provide heat transfer surfaces of substantial area and both are maintained within plus or minus 3*C. of said predetermined temperature.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method as called for in claim 1 wherein said reaction chamber and contents are maintained substantially free of oxygen by continuously introducing an inert gas into said mixture prior to feeding the same into the reaction chamber of said heat exchanger.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the inert gas is nitrogen.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method called for in claim 1 wherein the rate of flow of said mixture through said reaction chamber is maintained so as to allow substantially all of the monomer content to polymerize or co-polymerize.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylamide-acrylic acid, and acrylamide-methacrylic acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said predetermined temperature is in the range of from about 25*C. to about 85*C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is selected from the group consisting of 2, 2'' - azobis (isobutyronitrile) and azobis ( Alpha , Alpha - dimethylvalenonitrile).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said thin layer ranges from 0.1 mm. to 75 mm. in thickness.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-12-01 | 1979-06-02 | 1979-12-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-12-01 | 1983-06-02 | 1983-12-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-12-01 | 1987-06-02 | 1987-12-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |