US3916037A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Resistance composition and method of making electrical resistance elements
Assignee: CTS Corp
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Filing: 1973-03-01
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Granted: 1975-10-28
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Expires: 1993-03-01
Abstract
Abstract An improved resistance composition and method of making electrical resistance elements comprising a glass frit and a conductive phase containing ruthenium dioxide and iridium. The ingredients are measured and mixed with a screening agent to produce a resistance composition, the iridium being present in the composition as an organometallic compound in solution.
Inventors
- 👤 Lynn J Brady
- 👤 Marion E Ellis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 18:20
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01C; H01C17/00; H01C17/06; H01C17/065; H01C17/06506; H01C17/06513; H01C17/06533; H01C17/0654
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
147 words
A METHOD OF FORMING AN ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE ELEMENT HAVING A TCR IN THE RANGE OF $ 100 PPM/*C OVER THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF -55*C TO +125*C COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: A. MIXING TOGETHER POWDER-LIKE PARTICLES OF GLASS, A CONDUCTIVE PHASE COMPRISING RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND IRIDIUM, SAID IRIDIUM BEING PRESENT AS AN ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND IN SOLUTION AND A VOLATILE LIQUID CARRIER TO FORM A PASTE AND PROVIDE A RESISTANCE COMPOSITION, THE RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND IRIDIUM COMPRISING 1 TO 70% BY WEIGHT OF THE CMPOSITION, B. APPLYING THE RESISTANCE COMPOSITION ONTO A SURFACE OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT, ELECTRICALLY NONCONDUCTIVE BASE, AND E. FIRING THE NONCONDUCTIVE BASE WITH THE RESISTANCE COMPOSITION DEPOSITED THEREON TO REDUCE SAID ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND IN SOLUTION AND REMOVE THE VOLATILES AND ORGANIC MEATERIAL THEREFROM AND TO PRODUCE A CONTINUOUS GLASSY PHASE HAVING A SMOOTH SURFACE WITH THE RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND REDUCED ORGANOMETLLIC COMPOUND DISPERSED THEREIN.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
147 words
A METHOD OF FORMING AN ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE ELEMENT HAVING A TCR IN THE RANGE OF $ 100 PPM/*C OVER THE TEMPERATURE RANGE OF -55*C TO +125*C COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: A. MIXING TOGETHER POWDER-LIKE PARTICLES OF GLASS, A CONDUCTIVE PHASE COMPRISING RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND IRIDIUM, SAID IRIDIUM BEING PRESENT AS AN ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND IN SOLUTION AND A VOLATILE LIQUID CARRIER TO FORM A PASTE AND PROVIDE A RESISTANCE COMPOSITION, THE RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND IRIDIUM COMPRISING 1 TO 70% BY WEIGHT OF THE CMPOSITION, B. APPLYING THE RESISTANCE COMPOSITION ONTO A SURFACE OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANT, ELECTRICALLY NONCONDUCTIVE BASE, AND E. FIRING THE NONCONDUCTIVE BASE WITH THE RESISTANCE COMPOSITION DEPOSITED THEREON TO REDUCE SAID ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND IN SOLUTION AND REMOVE THE VOLATILES AND ORGANIC MEATERIAL THEREFROM AND TO PRODUCE A CONTINUOUS GLASSY PHASE HAVING A SMOOTH SURFACE WITH THE RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE AND REDUCED ORGANOMETLLIC COMPOUND DISPERSED THEREIN.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the organometallic compound in solution is iridium resinate and contains less than 3% iridium metal by weight of said resistance composition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layer of said resistance composition contains less than 3% by weight of iridium metal and said organometallic compound in solution is iridium resinate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
83 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the step of firing the resistance element includes the step of heating the electrically nonconductive base and layer of resistance composition applied thereon to a temperature sufficient to melt the powder-like particles of glass, reduce the iridium resinate, and volatilize the organic screening agent and burn off the carbonaceous residue, but below the temperature necessary to soften the base, to produce film of glass on the base containing ruthenium dioxide and iridium in some form dispersed therein.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
133 words
In a method of manufacturing an electrical resistance element having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C, the steps of: a. forming a viscous mixture of a screening agent solvent, a glass binder and a conductive fraction consisting of ruthenium dioxide and iridium resinate, said resinate containing iridium of less than 3% by weight of the mixture, b. applying a uniform layer of the viscous mixture to a high temperature resistant electrically nonconductive base, and c. heating the base and layer to a predetermined temperature at least as high as the melting point of the glass but less than the melting point of the ruthenium dioxide and iridium to form a continuous glassy phase with ruthenium dioxide and iridium dispersed therein.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
133 words
In a method of manufacturing an electrical resistance element having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C, the steps of: a. forming a viscous mixture of a screening agent solvent, a glass binder and a conductive fraction consisting of ruthenium dioxide and iridium resinate, said resinate containing iridium of less than 3% by weight of the mixture, b. applying a uniform layer of the viscous mixture to a high temperature resistant electrically nonconductive base, and c. heating the base and layer to a predetermined temperature at least as high as the melting point of the glass but less than the melting point of the ruthenium dioxide and iridium to form a continuous glassy phase with ruthenium dioxide and iridium dispersed therein.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
68 words
A resistance composition for making cermet resistance elements having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C comPrising at least 30% by weight of a finely divided nonconductive vitreous binder and 1 to 70% by weight of a conductive fraction comprising particles of ruthenium dioxide and iridium, said iridium being present in an organometallic compound in solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
68 words
A resistance composition for making cermet resistance elements having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C comPrising at least 30% by weight of a finely divided nonconductive vitreous binder and 1 to 70% by weight of a conductive fraction comprising particles of ruthenium dioxide and iridium, said iridium being present in an organometallic compound in solution.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The resistance composition of claim 6 wherein said particles of ruthenium dioxide comprise 0.9 to 60% by weight of said resistance composition and said iridium comprises 0.1 to 10% by weight of said resistance composition.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The resistance composition of claim 6 wherein said particles of ruthenium dioxide comprise 0.9 to 67% by weight of said resistance composition and said iridium comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight of said resistance composition.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 6, wherein said organometallic compound in solution is iridium resinate and wherein the ratio of the ruthenium dioxide to the iridium in the resistance composition is greater than 2:1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the size of the ruthenium dioxide particles is greater than the size of the iridium in solution.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
87 words
A resistance composition for application onto a high temperature resistant electrically nonconductive substrate and for firing to form an electrical resistance element having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C and consisting essentially of at least 30% by weight of a finely divided nonconductive vitreous binder and 1 to 70% by weight of a conductive fraction comprising ruthenium dioxide and iridum resinate, said resinate containing iridium of less than 3% by weight of said composition.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
87 words
A resistance composition for application onto a high temperature resistant electrically nonconductive substrate and for firing to form an electrical resistance element having a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C and consisting essentially of at least 30% by weight of a finely divided nonconductive vitreous binder and 1 to 70% by weight of a conductive fraction comprising ruthenium dioxide and iridum resinate, said resinate containing iridium of less than 3% by weight of said composition.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
The resistance composition of claim 11 wherein the resistance element has a TCR in the range of + or - 100 PPM/*C over the resistance range of 50 ohms to 250K ohms.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
The resistance composition of claim 11 wherein the resistance element has a TCR in the range of + or - 50 PPM/*C over the temperature range of -55*C to +125*C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
The resistance composition of claim 13 wherein the resistance element has a TCR in the range of + or - 50 PPM/* C over the resistance range of 50 ohms to 100K ohms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-10-27 | 1979-04-28 | 1979-10-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-10-27 | 1983-04-28 | 1983-10-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-10-27 | 1987-04-28 | 1987-10-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |