US3914178A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Wear reducing coating
Assignee: Harvard Industries Inc
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Filing: 1974-01-23
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Granted: 1975-10-21
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Expires: 1994-01-23
Abstract
Abstract A coating is described for reducing the wear of two opposable stainless steel surfaces in sliding relationship with one another comprising: a first metal layer; a second metal layer; an inorganic lubricant; and an organic lubricant. Nickel and its alloys may be used as the first metal layer whereas copper and its alloys may be used as the second metal layer. Molybdenum disulfide or graphite may be used as the inorganic lubricant and lauric acid or cetyl alcohol may be used as the organic lubricant. The organic lubricant is optional where the first metal layer is on one metallic surface and the second metal layer is on the other metallic surface. In one embodiment the coating is applied to lock-nut and bolt fasteners to prevent wear or galling over multiple re-use cycles.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles A Fineran
- 👤 Steven S Silwones
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 09:26
CPC Classifications
F; F16; F16B; F16B33/00; F16B33/06; F16B37/00; F16B37/04; F16B37/044; F16B39/00; F16B39/22; F16B39/28; F16B39/284; F16B39/34; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S411/00; Y10S411/914; Y10S411/924; Y10S411/929; Y10S411/93; Y10S411/947; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12535; Y10T428/12542; Y10T428/12549; Y10T428/12556; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12861; Y10T428/12903; Y10T428/12917; Y10T428/12924; Y10T428/12937; Y10T428/12951; Y10T428/12972; Y10T428/12979
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
147 words
A COATING FOR REDUCING THE WEAR OF TWO OPPOSED STAINLESS STEEL METALLIC SURFACES DISPOSED IN SLIDING RELATIONSHIP WITH ONE ANOTHER COMPRISING: A FIRST LAYER HAVING AN ELASTIC MODULUS INCLUSIVE OF AND GREATER THAN ABOUT 20,000,000 P.S.I. AND COMPRISED OF A METAL SELECTED FROM A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PLATINUM, MAGANESE, COBALT, NICKEL, CHROMINUM, BERYLLIUM, RHODIUM, MOLYBDENUM, TUNGSTEN, RUTHENIUM, RIRIDIUM, AND ALLOYS THEREOF, A SECOND LAYER HAVING AN ELASTIC MODULUS INCLUSIVE OF AND LOWER THAN ABOUT 17,000,000 P.S.I. AND COMPRISED OF A METAL SELECTED FROM A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PALLADIUM, COPPER, GOLD, ZIRCONIUM, SILVER, CADMIUM, TIN, LEAD AND ALLOYS THEREOF, AND A LAYER COMPRISED OF AN INORGANIC LUBRICANT, WHEREIN SAID FIRST LAYER IS APPLIED TO ONE OF SAID METALLIC SURFACES AND SAID SECOND LAYER IS APPLIED TO THE OTHER METALLIC SURFACE, AND SAID SECOND LAYER IS A SUBSTRATE FOR SAID INORGANIC LUBRICANT LAYER.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
147 words
A COATING FOR REDUCING THE WEAR OF TWO OPPOSED STAINLESS STEEL METALLIC SURFACES DISPOSED IN SLIDING RELATIONSHIP WITH ONE ANOTHER COMPRISING: A FIRST LAYER HAVING AN ELASTIC MODULUS INCLUSIVE OF AND GREATER THAN ABOUT 20,000,000 P.S.I. AND COMPRISED OF A METAL SELECTED FROM A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PLATINUM, MAGANESE, COBALT, NICKEL, CHROMINUM, BERYLLIUM, RHODIUM, MOLYBDENUM, TUNGSTEN, RUTHENIUM, RIRIDIUM, AND ALLOYS THEREOF, A SECOND LAYER HAVING AN ELASTIC MODULUS INCLUSIVE OF AND LOWER THAN ABOUT 17,000,000 P.S.I. AND COMPRISED OF A METAL SELECTED FROM A MEMBER OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PALLADIUM, COPPER, GOLD, ZIRCONIUM, SILVER, CADMIUM, TIN, LEAD AND ALLOYS THEREOF, AND A LAYER COMPRISED OF AN INORGANIC LUBRICANT, WHEREIN SAID FIRST LAYER IS APPLIED TO ONE OF SAID METALLIC SURFACES AND SAID SECOND LAYER IS APPLIED TO THE OTHER METALLIC SURFACE, AND SAID SECOND LAYER IS A SUBSTRATE FOR SAID INORGANIC LUBRICANT LAYER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
The coating of claim 1 wherein: said first layer metal comprises nickel and the alloys thereof; said second layer metal comprises copper and the alloys thereof; said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
161 words
A coating for reducing the wear of two opposed stainless steel metallic surfaces disposed in sliding relationship with one another comprising: a first layer having an elastic modulus in a range inclusive of and higher than 20,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of platinum, manganese, cobalt, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium and alloys thereof; a second layer having an elastic modulus inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof; a layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant; a layer comprised of an organic lubricant, wherein said first layer is applied to at least one of said metallic surfaces and is a substrate for said second layer, said second layer is a substrate for said inorganic lubricant layer and said organic lubricant is the final layer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
161 words
A coating for reducing the wear of two opposed stainless steel metallic surfaces disposed in sliding relationship with one another comprising: a first layer having an elastic modulus in a range inclusive of and higher than 20,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of platinum, manganese, cobalt, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium and alloys thereof; a second layer having an elastic modulus inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. and comprised of a metal selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof; a layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant; a layer comprised of an organic lubricant, wherein said first layer is applied to at least one of said metallic surfaces and is a substrate for said second layer, said second layer is a substrate for said inorganic lubricant layer and said organic lubricant is the final layer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
The coating of claim 3 where said first layer metal comprises nickel and said second layer metal comprises copper, said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The coating of claim 4 where said organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
82 words
A fastener assembly comprising first and second slidably threadably engageable stainless steel members and lubricant structure therefor including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first member, a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said second member and a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
82 words
A fastener assembly comprising first and second slidably threadably engageable stainless steel members and lubricant structure therefor including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first member, a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said second member and a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
63 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 6 wherein said first layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of manganese, cobalt, platinum, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys thereof and wherein said second layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 7 wherein said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the groUp consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 8 wherein said inorganic lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 8 wherein said first layer metal comprises nickel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 9 wherein said second layer metal comprises copper.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 9 wherein said first layer metal comprises nickel and wherein said second layer metal comprises copper.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fastener assembly comprising first and second stainless steel slidably threadably engageable members and lubricant structure therefor disposed between said first and second members and including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i., a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first layer, a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer and a final layer comprised of an organic lubricant.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
93 words
A fastener assembly comprising first and second stainless steel slidably threadably engageable members and lubricant structure therefor disposed between said first and second members and including a first layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and greater than about 20,000,000 p.s.i., a second layer comprised of a metal having a modulus of elasticity inclusive of and lower than about 17,000,000 p.s.i. disposed on said first layer, a third layer comprised of an inorganic lubricant disposed on said second layer and a final layer comprised of an organic lubricant.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
63 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 13 wherein said first layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of manganese, cobalt, platinum, nickel, chromium, beryllium, rhodium, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium, and alloys thereof and wherein said second layer metal is selected from a member of the group consisting of palladium, copper, gold, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, lead and alloys thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 14 wherein said final layer is disposed on said third layer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 14 wherein said inorganic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide and graphite.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 16 wherein said inorganic lubricant comprises molybdenum disulfide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
43 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 14 wherein said organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 17 wherein said first layer metal comprises nickel.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 17 wherein said second layer metal comprises copper.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 17 wherein said first layer metal comprises nickel and wherein said second layer metal comprises copper.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
43 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 21 wherein said organic lubricant is selected from at least one member of the group consisting of aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic acids having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and the glycerides of such acids.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fastener assembly claimed in claim 21 wherein said organic lubricant comprises cetyl alcohol.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-10-20 | 1979-04-21 | 1979-10-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-10-20 | 1983-04-21 | 1983-10-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-10-20 | 1987-04-21 | 1987-10-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |