Continuous carbonization and gasification of particulate coal with double recirculation of fluidized particulate heat carrier

Claim 1

A CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE CARBONIZATION AND GASIFICATION OF PARTICLE COAL WITH DOUBLE RECIRCULATION OF FLUIDIZED PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER WHEREIN THE CARBONIZATION AND GASIFICATION SEPARATELY CARRIED OUT, WHICH PROCESS COMPRISES THE STEPS OF FLUIDIZING PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER HAVING AN AVERAGE PARTICLE SIZE OF 0.1 TO 5 MM WITH SLEAM TO FORM A FIRST FLUIDIZED BED, PASSING SAID PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER THROUGH SAID FIRST BE D IN A DENSELY FLUIDIZED STATE FROM THE BOTTOM UPWARDLY TO THE TOP OF SAID BED, INTRODUCING PERTICULATE COAL HAVING AN AVERAGE PARTICLE SIZE OF 1.0 TO 5 MM INTO SAID BED THEREBY CONTACTING SAID COAL WITH SAID HEAT CARRIER TO EFFECT CARBONIZATION OF THE COAL WHILE MAINTAINING SAID FIRST BED AT A TEMPERATURE OF 500* TO 800*C, AS MEASURED AT THE TOP OF SAID FIRSTBED, WITHDRAWING THE RESULTANT GAS AND OIL VAPOR FROM SAID FIRST BED, PASSING A MIXTURE OF THE PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER AND PARTICULATE COKE PRODUCED BY THE CARBONIZATION OF THE COAL FROM THE TOP OF SAID FIRST BED TO THE BOTTOM OF A SECOND FLUIDIZED BED, SAID MIXTURE BEING AT A TEMPERATURE OF 500* TO 800*C, COMBINING AT THE BOTTOM OF SAID SECOND FLUIDIZED BED PARTICULATE MIXTURE WITH PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER COMING FROM A THIRD FLUIDIZED BED AND BEING AT A TEMPERATURE OF 850* TO 1,100*C, SAID SECOND FLUIDIZED BED BEING FORMED BY FLUIDIZING THE COMBINED PARTICULATE MATERIALS WITH STEAM, PASSING SAID COMBINED PARTICULATE MATERIALS THROUGH SAID SECOND FLUIDIZED BED IN A DESNELY FLUIDIZED STATE FROM THE BOTTOM UPWARDLY TO THE TOP OF SAID SECOND BED WHILE MAINTAINING SAID SECOND BED AT A TEMPERATURE OF 800* TO 1,000*C, AS MEASURED AT THE TOP OF SAID SECOND BED THEREBY TO EFFECT GASIFICATION ON THE PARTICULATE COKE, WITHDRAWING THE GASIFIED PRODUCT FROM SAID SECOND BED, PASSING A PORTION OF THE PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER, WHICH IS AT A TEMPERATURE OF 800* TO 1,000*C AND IS ACCOMPANIED BY REMAINING UNGASIFIED PARTICULTE COKE, FROM THE TOP OF SAID SECOND BED TO THE BOTTOM OF SAID THIRD FLUIDIZED BED, WHICH IS FORMED BY FLUIDIZING SAID PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER WITH STEAM OR WITH MIXTURE OF STEAM AND AIR, PASSING SAID PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER TOGETHER WITH SAID ACCOMPANYING UNGASIFIED PARTICULATE COKE THROUGH SAID THIRD FLUIDIZED BED IN A DENSELY FLUIDIZE D STATE FROM THE BOTTOM UPWARDLY TO THE TOP OF SAID THIRD BED, INTRODUCING A HOT COMBUSTION GAS CONTAINING AIR OR OSYGEN INTO SAID THIRD BED THEREBY BURNING SAID UNGASIFIED PARTICULATE COKE AND HEATING SAID PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER TO A TEMPERATURE OF 850* TO 1,100*C, WITHDRAWING ASH FORMED BY THE COMBUSTION OF THE COKE FROM SAID THIRD BED, PASSING SAID HEATED PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER FROM THE TOP OF SAID THIRD BED TO THE BOTTOM OF SAID SECOND BED FOR USE IN THE GASIFICATION OF COKE, AND PASSING ANOTHER PORTION OF THE PARTICULATE HEAT CARRIER, WHICH IS AT A TEMPERATURE OF 800* TO 1,000*C, FROM THE TOP OF SAID SECOND BED TO THE BOTTOM OF SAID FRIST BED FOR USE IN THE CARBONIZATION OF COAL.

Claim 8

An apparatus for the carbonization and gasification of particulate coal with double recirculation of fluidized particulate heat carrier, which apparatus comprising an upright, generally cylindrical carbonization column in which a first fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 500* to 800*C, as measured at the top of said first bed, is formed for carbonizing particulate coal, said carbonization column having a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of the side wall of said carbonization column for introducing steam into said carbonization column, at least one inlet provided at the side wall of said carbonization column above the positions where said inlets for steam are provided for introducing particulate coal into said carbonization column, an inlet provided at the top of said carbonization column for withdrawing a gas and oil vapor resulting from the carbonization of coal from said carbonization column, an upright, generally cylindrical gasification column in which a second fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 800* to 1, 000*C, as measured at the top of said second bed, is formed for gasifying particulate coke from the carbonization column, said gasification column having a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of the side wall of said gasification column for introducing steam into said gasification column, an outlet provided at the top of said gasification column for withdrawing a gasified product resulting from the gasification of cokE with steam from said gasification column, an upright combustion-heating column in which a third fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 850to 1,100*C, as measured at the top of said third bed, is formed for burning any particulate coke and heating the particulate heat carrier to a temperature of 850* to 1,100*C, said combustion-heating column having upwardly increasing diameters and a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of side walls of said combustion-heating column for introducing steam or mixture of steam and air into said combustion-heating column, at least one inlet provided at the side wall of said combustion-heating column for introducing a hot combustion gas containing air or oxygen into said combustion-heating column, an outlet provided at the top of said combustion-heating column for withdrawing a combustion gas resulting from the burning of coke from said combustion-heating column, an outlet provided at the side wall of said combustion-heating column for withdrawing ash resultant from the burning of coke from said combustion-heating column, a duct for passing the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the first bed together with the particulate coke produced in the carbonization column to the bottom of the gasification column, a duct for passing a portion of the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the second bed to the bottom of the carbonization column, a duct for passing another portion of the particulate heat carrier from the aproximate top of the second bed to the bottom of the combustion-heating column, and a duct for passing the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the third bed to the bottom of the gasification column.

Claim 9

An apparatus for the carbonization and gasification of particulate coal with double recirculation of fluidized particulate heat carrier, which apparatus comprising an upright, generally cylindrical carbonization column in which a first fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 500* to 800*C, as measured at the top of said first bed, is formed for carbonizing particulate coal, said carbonization column having a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of the side wall of said carbonization column for introducing steam into said carbonization column, at least one inlet provided at the side wall of said carbonization column above the positions where said inlets for steam are provided for introducing particulate coal into said carbonization column, an inlet provided at the top of said carbonization column for withdrawing a gas and oil vapor resulting from the carbonization of coal from said carbonization column, an upright, generally cylindrical gasification column in which a second fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 800* to 1, 000*C, as measured at the top of said second bed, is formed for gasifying particulate coke from the carbonization column, said gasification column having a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of the side wall of said gasification column for introducing steam into said gasification column, an outlet provided at the top of said gasification column for withdrawing a gasified product resulting from the gasification of cokE with steam from said gasification column, an upright combustion-heating column in which a third fluidized bed of particulate heat carrier kept at a temperature of 850to 1,100*C, as measured at the top of said third bed, is formed for burning any particulate coke and heating the particulate heat carrier to a temperature of 850* to 1,100*C, said combustion-heating column having upwardly increasing diameters and a height of at least three times as large as the maximum diameter, inlets provided at the bottom and lower portions of side walls of said combustion-heating column for introducing steam or mixture of steam and air into said combustion-heating column, at least one inlet provided at the side wall of said combustion-heating column for introducing a hot combustion gas containing air or oxygen into said combustion-heating column, an outlet provided at the top of said combustion-heating column for withdrawing a combustion gas resulting from the burning of coke from said combustion-heating column, an outlet provided at the side wall of said combustion-heating column for withdrawing ash resultant from the burning of coke from said combustion-heating column, a duct for passing the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the first bed together with the particulate coke produced in the carbonization column to the bottom of the gasification column, a duct for passing a portion of the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the second bed to the bottom of the carbonization column, a duct for passing another portion of the particulate heat carrier from the aproximate top of the second bed to the bottom of the combustion-heating column, and a duct for passing the particulate heat carrier from the approximate top of the third bed to the bottom of the gasification column.