US3911089A — Process for preparing hydrogen cyanide

Claim 1

Independent Claim 174 words

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN CYANIDE WHICH COMPRISES REACTING METHANOL OR FORMALDEHYDE OR A MIXTURE THEREOF, AMMONIA AND OXYGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPOSITION AT A TEMPERATURE OF 250* TO 550*C. AND A SPACE VELOCITY OF 50 TO 5.000 HOUR -1 UNDER A PRESSURE OF 0.5 TO 10 ATMOSPHERES, THE SAID CATALYST COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A CATALYST SYSTEM OF THE FORMULA: MOABIBFECXDYEZFOG WHEREIN X IS ONE MORE OF CR, MN, CO, NI, ZN, CD, SN, W AND PB, Y IS ONE MORE OF TI AND ELEMENTS BELONGING TO GROUP IA OR IIA OF THE PERIODIC TABLE, Z IS ONE MORE OF P, AS AND SB AND A,B,C,D,E,F AND G EACH REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF ATOMS WHEREIN A IS 12, B IS 0.1 TO 15, C IS 0.1 TO 12, D IS 2 TO 15, E IS 0 TO 12, F IS 0 TO 5 AND G IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF OXYGEN ATOMS AND IS A NUMBER DETERMINED BY THE VALENCE REQUIRE, MENTS OF THE OTHER ATOMS IN THE CATALYST COMPOSITION.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 174 words

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN CYANIDE WHICH COMPRISES REACTING METHANOL OR FORMALDEHYDE OR A MIXTURE THEREOF, AMMONIA AND OXYGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST COMPOSITION AT A TEMPERATURE OF 250* TO 550*C. AND A SPACE VELOCITY OF 50 TO 5.000 HOUR -1 UNDER A PRESSURE OF 0.5 TO 10 ATMOSPHERES, THE SAID CATALYST COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A CATALYST SYSTEM OF THE FORMULA: MOABIBFECXDYEZFOG WHEREIN X IS ONE MORE OF CR, MN, CO, NI, ZN, CD, SN, W AND PB, Y IS ONE MORE OF TI AND ELEMENTS BELONGING TO GROUP IA OR IIA OF THE PERIODIC TABLE, Z IS ONE MORE OF P, AS AND SB AND A,B,C,D,E,F AND G EACH REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF ATOMS WHEREIN A IS 12, B IS 0.1 TO 15, C IS 0.1 TO 12, D IS 2 TO 15, E IS 0 TO 12, F IS 0 TO 5 AND G IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF OXYGEN ATOMS AND IS A NUMBER DETERMINED BY THE VALENCE REQUIRE, MENTS OF THE OTHER ATOMS IN THE CATALYST COMPOSITION.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 26 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is effected in the presence of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene and isobutylene.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 32 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of methanol or formaldehyde or the mixture thereof to ammonia to oxygen is 1 : 0.7 to 3 : 1 to 5.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 20 words

The process according to claim 3, wherein said molar ratio is 1 : 0.9 to 2 : 1 to 3.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 18 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is effected at a temperature of 300* to 500*C.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 21 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is effected at a space velocity of 100 to 2,000 hour 1.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 59 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of steam in an amount effective to suppress the possibility of explosion and to increase the selectivity to hydrogen cyanide and to the unsaturated nitrile, the amount of steam being not more than 20 mol per mol of methanol or formaldehyde or their mixture.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 34 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of steam in an amount of 1 to 15 mol per mol of methanol or formaldehyde or their mixture.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 34 words

The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an inert gas selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and steam as a diluent.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 171 words

A process for preparing hydrogen cyanide by the vapor phase catalytic reaction of methanol or formaldehyde or a mixture thereof with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst at an elevated temperature which comprises using a catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Sn, W and Pb, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 15, c is 0.1 to 12, d is 2 to 15, e is 0 to 12, f is 0 to 5 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition as the solid catalyst.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 171 words

A process for preparing hydrogen cyanide by the vapor phase catalytic reaction of methanol or formaldehyde or a mixture thereof with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst at an elevated temperature which comprises using a catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Sn, W and Pb, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 15, c is 0.1 to 12, d is 2 to 15, e is 0 to 12, f is 0 to 5 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition as the solid catalyst.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 26 words

The process according to claim 10, wherein the reaction is effected in the presence of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene and isobutylene.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 224 words

A process for preparing hydrogen cyanide by the vapor phase catalytic reaction of methanol or formaldehyde or a mixture thereof with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst at an elevated temperature which comprises using a catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfPbhOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni and Zn, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f, h and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 24, c is 0 to 24, d is 0 to 15, e is 0 to 15, f is 0 to 5, h is 0 to 6 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition as the solid catalyst, provided that b + f is not more than 24, c + d is not more than 24, the number of atoms of the element(s) belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table does not exceed 12 and the total number of Tl and Pb does not exceed 6.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 224 words

A process for preparing hydrogen cyanide by the vapor phase catalytic reaction of methanol or formaldehyde or a mixture thereof with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of a solid catalyst at an elevated temperature which comprises using a catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfPbhOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni and Zn, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f, h and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 24, c is 0 to 24, d is 0 to 15, e is 0 to 15, f is 0 to 5, h is 0 to 6 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition as the solid catalyst, provided that b + f is not more than 24, c + d is not more than 24, the number of atoms of the element(s) belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table does not exceed 12 and the total number of Tl and Pb does not exceed 6.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 189 words

A process for preparing an unsaturated nitrile and hydrogen cyanide similtaneously which comprises reacting an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene and isobutylene with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of at least one of methanol and formaldehyde using a catalyst composition at a temperature of 300* to 550*C. and a pressure of 0.5 to 10 atmospheres, the said catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb and W, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 24, c is 0 to 24, d is 0 to 15, e is 0 to 15, f is 0 to 5 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 189 words

A process for preparing an unsaturated nitrile and hydrogen cyanide similtaneously which comprises reacting an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene and isobutylene with ammonia and oxygen in the presence of at least one of methanol and formaldehyde using a catalyst composition at a temperature of 300* to 550*C. and a pressure of 0.5 to 10 atmospheres, the said catalyst composition consisting essentially of a catalyst system of the formula: MoaBibFecXdYeZfOg wherein X is one or more of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb and W, Y is one or more of Tl and elements belonging to Group IA or IIA of the Periodic Table, Z is one or more of P, As and Sb and a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represent the number of atoms wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 24, c is 0 to 24, d is 0 to 15, e is 0 to 15, f is 0 to 5 and g is the total number of oxygen atoms and is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other atoms in the catalyst composition.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 32 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein the molar ratio of ammonia with respect to the combined amount of methanol or formaldehyde or their mixture and the olefin is 0.7 to 2.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 14 words

The process according to claim 14, wherein said molar ratio is 0.9 to 1.3.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein 0.05 to 6% by volume of oxygen is contained in the gaseous reaction product formed during the reaction.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 22 words

The process according to claim 16, wherein the amount of oxygen in the gaseous reaction product is 0.1 to 3% by volume.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 41 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of steam in an amount of 2 to 15 mol per mol of the combined amount of methanol or formaldehyde or their mixture and the olefin.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 34 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an inert gas selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide and steam as a diluent.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 41 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein a is 12, b is 0.1 to 15, c is 0.1 to 12, d is 2 to 15, e is 0 to 12, f is 0 to 5 and g is 47 to 66.8.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 19 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of 350* to 500*C.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 25 words

The process according to claim 13, wherein the molar ratio of methanol or formaldehyde or their mixture to the olefin is not more than 3.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 14 words

The process according to claim 22, wherein the molar ratio is 0.05 to 1.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1978-10-06	1979-04-07	1979-10-07	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1982-10-06	1983-04-07	1983-10-07	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1986-10-06	1987-04-07	1987-10-07	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Process for preparing hydrogen cyanide

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