US3909433A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Liquid electrophotographic developing compositions
Assignee: Agfa Gevaert NV
•
Filing: 1973-06-28
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Granted: 1975-09-30
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Expires: 1993-06-28
Abstract
Abstract An electrostatic liquid developer for the development of electrostatic charge patterns is provided wherein the said developer comprises an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a volume resistivity in excess of 109 Ohm.cm, resin-coated toner particles suspended in said carrier liquid and an alkylated polymer of a heterocyclic N-vinyl monomer. By the presence of the said polymer excellent developers of positive polarity can be obtained.
Inventors
- 👤 Yvan Karel Gilliams
- 👤 Engeland Jozef Leonard Van
- 👤 Volder Noel Jozef De
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 01:50
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/12; G03G9/13; G03G9/132; G03G9/131; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
51 words
A POSITIVE-WORKING ELECTROSTATIC LIQUID EDVELOPE WHICH WILL DEVELOP ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE PATTERMS COMPRISING EN ELECTRICALLY INSULATING CARRIER LIQUID HAVING A DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LESS THAN 3 AND A VOLUME RESISTIVITY IN EXCESS OF 109 OHNM.CM, RESIN-COATED TONER PARICLES SUSPENDED IN SAID CARRIER LIQUID, AND AN ALKYLATED POLYMER OF A HETHEROCYCLIC N-VINYL MONOMER.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
51 words
A POSITIVE-WORKING ELECTROSTATIC LIQUID EDVELOPE WHICH WILL DEVELOP ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE PATTERMS COMPRISING EN ELECTRICALLY INSULATING CARRIER LIQUID HAVING A DIELECTRIC CONSTANT OF LESS THAN 3 AND A VOLUME RESISTIVITY IN EXCESS OF 109 OHNM.CM, RESIN-COATED TONER PARICLES SUSPENDED IN SAID CARRIER LIQUID, AND AN ALKYLATED POLYMER OF A HETHEROCYCLIC N-VINYL MONOMER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein said alkylated polymer of a heterocyclic N-vinyl monomer is an alkylated polymer of a N-vinyl lactam monomer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
A liquid developer according to claim 2, wherein said N-vinyl lactam monomer is a N-vinyl pyrrolidone or a N-vinylpiperidone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein said alkylated polymer is formed by alkylation with an alpha-olefin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A liquid developer according to claim 4 wherein said alpha-olefin comprises from 8 to 42 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the toner particles carry a coating of a synthetic resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the toner particles carry a coating of a natural resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid developer according to claim 7 wherein said resin is rosin or a resin derived from rosin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A liquid developer according to claim 7 wherein said resin is a coumarone-indene resin or cyclized rubber.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
A liquid developer according to claim 8 wherein said resin derived from rosin is an ester of rosin or hydrogenated rosin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
A liquid developer according to claim 10 wherein said ester is a pentaerythritol ester or glycerol ester.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the resin-coated toner particles are resin-coated dyes.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 which also comprises a metal soap of a fatty acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
A liquid developer according to claim 13, wherein said metal soap is the aluminium salt of abietic acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1, which also comprises a bivalent or trivalent metal salt of oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
A liquid developer according to claim 15 wherein said oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue is a monoester or diester of an oxyacid derived from phosphorus.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
A liquid developer according to claim 16, wherein said oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue is a mono-2-butyloctyl phosphate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
15 words
A liquid developer according to claim 15 wherein said metal salt is a zinc salt.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
A liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the carrier liquid is an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
78 words
Method of preparing an electrostatic liquid developer for the development of electrostatic charge patterns by mixing toner particles with an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a volume resistivity in excess of 109 ohm.cm, wherein mixing occurs in the presence of an alkylated polymer of a heterocyclic N-vinyl monomer and the said toner particles are coated with a resin prior to mixing so as to form a positive-working electrostatic liquid developer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
78 words
Method of preparing an electrostatic liquid developer for the development of electrostatic charge patterns by mixing toner particles with an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a volume resistivity in excess of 109 ohm.cm, wherein mixing occurs in the presence of an alkylated polymer of a heterocyclic N-vinyl monomer and the said toner particles are coated with a resin prior to mixing so as to form a positive-working electrostatic liquid developer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein said alkylated polymer of a heterocyclic N-vinyl monomer is an alkylated polymer of a N-vinyl laCtam monomer.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
Method according to claim 21, wherein said N-vinyl lactam monomer is a N-vinyl pyrrolidone or a N-vinylpiperidone.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
16 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein said alkylated polymer is formed by alkylation with an alpha-olefin.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method according to claim 23, wherein said alpha-olefin comprises from 8 to 42 carbon atoms.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein the said resin is a synthetic resin.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
13 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein the said resin is a natural resin.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
16 words
Method according to claim 26, wherein said resin is rosin or a resin derived from rosin.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method according to claim 26, wherein said resin is a coumarone-indene resin or cyclized rubber.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
Method according to claim 27, wherein said resin derived from rosin is an ester of rosin or hydrogenated rosin.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method according to claim 29, wherein said ester is a pentaerythritol ester or glycerol ester.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
11 words
Method according to claim 20 wherein the toner is a dye.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein mixing also occurs in the presence of a metal soap of a fatty acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
Method according to claim 32 wherein said metal soap is the aluminium salt of abietic acid.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
31 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein mixing also occurs in the presence of a bivalent or trivalent metal salt of an oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
28 words
Method according to claim 34, wherein said oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue is a monoester or diester of an oxyacid derived from phosphorus.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
Method according to claim 34, wherein said oxyacid derived from phosphorus containing at least one organic residue is a mono-2-butylocytl phosphate.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
Method according to claim 34, wherein said metal salt is a zinc salt.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
13 words
Method according to claim 20, wherein the carrier liquid is an aliphatic hydrocarbon.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-29 | 1979-03-31 | 1979-09-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-29 | 1983-03-31 | 1983-09-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-29 | 1987-03-31 | 1987-09-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |