US3909247A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Production of metals and metal alloys of high purity
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1972-05-03
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Granted: 1975-09-30
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Expires: 1992-05-03
Abstract
Abstract A method of making powdered metals or metal alloys of high purity wherein a monometallic or polymetallic cyanide complex is formed of a metal of Groups IIA, IIIA, IVA and IIIB of the Periodic Table of the Elements (especially or including beryllium, magnesium, aluminum, yttrium, the lanthanides elements of atomic numbers 58-71, inclusive, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, gallium, indium, thorium, cobalt and nickel). The cyanide complex is treated in crystalline form with dry hydrogen at temperatures generally between 700* and 1300*C, any hydride formed being decomposed by heating.
Inventors
- 👤 Rene Antoine Paris
- 👤 Paul Alexis Amblard
- 👤 Abel Claude Rousset
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 23:09
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22B; C22B21/00; C22B21/0038; C22B21/0053; B; B22; B22F; B22F9/00; B22F9/16; B22F9/18; B22F9/20; B22F9/22; C22B21/02; C22B3/00; C22B3/04; C22B3/06; C22B3/20; C22B3/44; C22B3/46; C22B5/00; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P10/00; Y02P10/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A METAL OR METAL ALLOY CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE STEPS OF FORMING A CYANIDE COMPLEX OF AT LEAST ONE METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP WHICH CONSISTS OF BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINUM, YTTRIUM, LANTHANIDE ELEMENTS OF ATOMIC NUMBERS 58 TO 71 INCLUSIVE, ZIRCONIUM, HAFNIUM, CHORMIUM, GALLIUM, INDIUM, COBALT AND NICKEL, SAID CYANIDE COMPLEX BEING FORMED BY CRYSTALLIZING IT FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF IONS OF ITS COMPONENTS, AND DRYING THE CRYSTALS THUS FORMED UNDER VACCUM OR IN A STREAM OF HYDROGEN AT A TEMPERATURE OF 150* TO 250*C, AND REDUCING SAID CYANIDE COMPLEX WITH A DRY GASEOUS HYDROGEN AT A TEMPERATURE 700* TO 1300*C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
106 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A METAL OR METAL ALLOY CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE STEPS OF FORMING A CYANIDE COMPLEX OF AT LEAST ONE METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP WHICH CONSISTS OF BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINUM, YTTRIUM, LANTHANIDE ELEMENTS OF ATOMIC NUMBERS 58 TO 71 INCLUSIVE, ZIRCONIUM, HAFNIUM, CHORMIUM, GALLIUM, INDIUM, COBALT AND NICKEL, SAID CYANIDE COMPLEX BEING FORMED BY CRYSTALLIZING IT FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF IONS OF ITS COMPONENTS, AND DRYING THE CRYSTALS THUS FORMED UNDER VACCUM OR IN A STREAM OF HYDROGEN AT A TEMPERATURE OF 150* TO 250*C, AND REDUCING SAID CYANIDE COMPLEX WITH A DRY GASEOUS HYDROGEN AT A TEMPERATURE 700* TO 1300*C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said complex is monometallic.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said complex is polymetallic.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said cyanide complex is formed by treating with an aqueous solution of hydrocyanic acid, a hydrate of the metal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein the temperature of said crystals is raised from the drying temperature to the reducing temperature at a rate of about 600*C per hour.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process defined in claim 5 wherein the dry crystals are exposed to a stream of hydrogen for a period of at least 3 hours.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process defined in claim 6 wherein reduction of the crystals is carried out at a temperature below the melting point of the metal recovered.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
104 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said crystals are produced by: A. reacting an aqueous solution containing 10 to 60% by weight of hydrogen cyanide with a basic compound of at least one metal and selected from the group which consists of the hydroxides, oxides and carbonates of the metal alone or in association with the corresponding compounds of another metal; B. recovering an aqueous solution containing a metal-metal cyanide complEx from step (A); and C. recovering crystals of said metal-metal cyanide complex from the solution in step (B) by heating said solution at a temperature below 60*C under vacuum to evaporate water.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
74 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said crystals are produced by: A. preparing an acid metal-cyanide complex in aqueous solution and reacting said acid with a metal hydroxide, oxide or carbonate; B. recovering an aqueous solution containing a metal-metal cyanide complex from step (A); and C. recovering crystals of said metal-metal cyanide complex from the solution in step (B) by heating said solution at a temperature below 60*C under vacuum to evaporate water.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
112 words
The process defined in claim 1 wherein said crystals are produced by: A. reacting an aqueous solution containing 10 to 60% by weight of hydrogen cyanide with a basic compound of at least one metal and selected from the group which consists of the hydroxides, oxides and carbonates of the metal alone or in association with the corresponding compounds of another metal; B. recovering an aqueous solution containing a metal-metal cyanide complex from step (A); and C. recovering crystals of said metal-metal cyanide complex from the solution in step (B) by azeotropically distilling water from said solution at a temperature of at most 40*C and at reduced pressure with an azeotropic entrainer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for producing a metal or a metal alloy consisting essentially of the steps of forming a cyanide complex of at least one metal selected from the group which consists of titanium and thorium, said cyanide complex being formed by crystallizing it from an aqueous solution of ions of its components, and drying the crystals thus formed under vacuum or in a stream of hydrogen at a temperature of 150* to 250*C; and reducing said cyanide complex with dry gaseous hydrogen at a temperature of 700* to 1300*C, the reduction being followed by heating to 1000* and 1100*C respectively at a vacuum of 10 4 torr.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for producing a metal or a metal alloy consisting essentially of the steps of forming a cyanide complex of at least one metal selected from the group which consists of titanium and thorium, said cyanide complex being formed by crystallizing it from an aqueous solution of ions of its components, and drying the crystals thus formed under vacuum or in a stream of hydrogen at a temperature of 150* to 250*C; and reducing said cyanide complex with dry gaseous hydrogen at a temperature of 700* to 1300*C, the reduction being followed by heating to 1000* and 1100*C respectively at a vacuum of 10 4 torr.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-29 | 1979-03-31 | 1979-09-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-29 | 1983-03-31 | 1983-09-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-29 | 1987-03-31 | 1987-09-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |