US3907835A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Preparation of maleic anhydride using a catalyst containing a uranyl ion
Assignee: Gulf Research and Development Co
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Filing: 1973-05-21
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Granted: 1975-09-23
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Expires: 1993-05-21
Abstract
Abstract A process for converting benzene; an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and from 1 to 2 olefinic double bonds, and wherein said 4 carbon atom hydrocarbon is unbranched; or a monoethylenically unsaturated straight-chain aldehyde having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and wherein the olefinic double bond is in the beta position with respect to the carbonyl group, to maleic anhydride by catalytic oxidation in the presence of a catalyst comprising a uranyl ion, especially uranium phosphate. One preferred form of the catalyst comprises an intimate chemical admixture of vanadium, uranium, phosphorus and oxygen wherein the uranium to phosphorus mole ratio is from 0.2:1 to 2:1; wherein the phosphorus to oxygen mole ratio is from 0.1:1 to 0.35:1; and wherein the vanadium to uranium atomic ratio is from 0.1:1 to 2: 1. A method of preparation of the catalyst composition is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Thaddeus P Kobylinski
- 👤 Brian W Taylor
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 23:13
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/21; C07C51/25; C07C51/252; B; B01; B01J; B01J27/00; B01J27/14; B01J27/16; B01J27/18; B01J27/1802; B01J27/1804; C07C51/31; C07C51/313
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
133 words
INA PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MALEIC ANTHYDRIDE BY CATALYTIC OXIDATION IN THE GAS PHASE OF AN UNSATURATED MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BENZENE, AN ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HAVING FROM 4 TO 5 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AND FROM 1 TO 2 OLEFINIC DOUBLE BONDS, AND WHEREIN SAID 4 CARBON ATOM HYDROCARBON IS UNBRANCHED, AND A MONOETHLENICALLY UNSATURATED STRAIGHT-CHAIN ALDEHYDE HAVING FROM 4 TO 5 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AND WHEREIN THE OLEFINIC DOUBLE BOND IS IN THE BETA POSITION WITH REPECT TO THE CARBONYL GROUP WITH A GAS CONTAINING FREE MOLECULAR OXYGEN UNDER OXIDATION CONDITIONS: THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES CARRYING OUT SAID OXIDATION IN THE CONTACT PRESENCE OF A CATAYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A URANIUM SALT OF A PHOSPHORUS OXO ACID, SAID CATALYST HAVING A COMPOSITION WITHIN THE FORMULA
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
133 words
INA PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MALEIC ANTHYDRIDE BY CATALYTIC OXIDATION IN THE GAS PHASE OF AN UNSATURATED MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BENZENE, AN ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON HAVING FROM 4 TO 5 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AND FROM 1 TO 2 OLEFINIC DOUBLE BONDS, AND WHEREIN SAID 4 CARBON ATOM HYDROCARBON IS UNBRANCHED, AND A MONOETHLENICALLY UNSATURATED STRAIGHT-CHAIN ALDEHYDE HAVING FROM 4 TO 5 CARBON ATOMS PER MOLECULE AND WHEREIN THE OLEFINIC DOUBLE BOND IS IN THE BETA POSITION WITH REPECT TO THE CARBONYL GROUP WITH A GAS CONTAINING FREE MOLECULAR OXYGEN UNDER OXIDATION CONDITIONS: THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES CARRYING OUT SAID OXIDATION IN THE CONTACT PRESENCE OF A CATAYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A URANIUM SALT OF A PHOSPHORUS OXO ACID, SAID CATALYST HAVING A COMPOSITION WITHIN THE FORMULA
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein y is an integer from 6 to 12; z is an integer from 1 to 2; and n is 1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the catalyst is unsupported uranium phosphate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein the catalyst is uranyl phosphate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
59 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the catalyst is arranged in a bed containing from 90 to 10 weight percent of a diluent inert material and from 10 to 90 weight percent of said uranyl phosphate and wherein the uranyl phosphate content increases through the bed in a direction parallel to the direction of flow of the reactants.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the weight percent of said unsaturated material in the charge stream entering the reactor is from 0.5 to 2.0 weight percent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the charge stock is butene-2.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the charge stock is butene-1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the charge stock is benzene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein the charge stock is crotonaldehyde.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst is at least one uranium compound selected from the class consisting of UO2HPO4; UP2O7; U(HPO4)2; U(PO3)4; and U3(PO4)4.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst is uranyl phosphate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process in accordance with claim 12 wherein the unsaturated material is selected from the group consisting of benzene, and said ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and wherein the oxidation conditions include a temperature of from 375*C. to 600*C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the unsaturated material is said monoethylenically unsaturated straight-chain aldehyde and wherein the oxidation conditions include a temperature of from 300*C. to 500*C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
184 words
A process for the production of maleic anhydride by catalytic oxidation in the gas phase of an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of benzene, an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and from 1 to 2 olefinic double bonds, and wherein said four carbon atom hydrocarbon is unbranched; and a monoethylenically unsaturated straight-chain aldehyde having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and wherein the olefinic double bond is in the beta position with respect to the carbonyl group which comprises contacting said unsaturated material and a gas containing free molecular oxygen under oxidation conditions with a catalyst prepared by a method which comprises: mixing an anhydrous uranium salt with a solution of vanadyl oxalate to form a first reaction mixture wherein the vanadium to uranium ratio is 0.1:1 to 2:1; and adding a sufficient amount of concentrated phosphoric acid to said first reaction mixture so that the uranium to phosphorus mole ratio is from 0.2:1 to 2:1 and the phosphorus to oxygen mole ratio is from 0.1:1 to 0.35:1 to precipitate said catalyst.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
184 words
A process for the production of maleic anhydride by catalytic oxidation in the gas phase of an unsaturated material selected from the group consisting of benzene, an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and from 1 to 2 olefinic double bonds, and wherein said four carbon atom hydrocarbon is unbranched; and a monoethylenically unsaturated straight-chain aldehyde having from 4 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule and wherein the olefinic double bond is in the beta position with respect to the carbonyl group which comprises contacting said unsaturated material and a gas containing free molecular oxygen under oxidation conditions with a catalyst prepared by a method which comprises: mixing an anhydrous uranium salt with a solution of vanadyl oxalate to form a first reaction mixture wherein the vanadium to uranium ratio is 0.1:1 to 2:1; and adding a sufficient amount of concentrated phosphoric acid to said first reaction mixture so that the uranium to phosphorus mole ratio is from 0.2:1 to 2:1 and the phosphorus to oxygen mole ratio is from 0.1:1 to 0.35:1 to precipitate said catalyst.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein said catalyst is dried at a temperature from about 25*C. to about 140*C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein said dried reaction product is further treated by gradually increasing the temperature of said dried reaction product to 420*C. to 500*C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 17 wherein the uranium salt is selected from the class consisting of uranium sulfate UO2HPO4, UO2, UO3 U2O5, U3O8, UP2O7, U(HPO4)2, U(PO3)4 and U3(PO4)4 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 18 wherein the uranium salt is a uranium phosphate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process according to claim 19 wherein the anhydrous uranium phosphate is prepared by the steps of forming a precipitate by the addition of base to an aqueous solution of uranyl nitrate in concentrated phosphoric acid, drying and calcining said precipitate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 20 wherein said base is NH4OH.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the vanadium content of the catalyst is from about 6 to about 40 weight percent calculated as V2O5.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2954385A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-22 | 1979-03-24 | 1979-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-22 | 1983-03-24 | 1983-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-22 | 1987-03-24 | 1987-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |