US3907674A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fluid bed incineration of wastes containing alkali metal chlorides
Assignee: Dorr Oliver Inc
•
Filing: 1974-04-24
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Granted: 1975-09-23
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Expires: 1994-04-24
Abstract
Abstract Combustible waste materials containing alkali metal chlorides and sulfur and/or sulfates are incinerated in a fluid bed reactor by a process in which formation of low melting eutectics is avoided. The temperature of the fluid bed is maintained substantially above the vapor saturation temperatures of the alkali metal chlorides so that they are to a great extent carried out with the combustion gases. By insuring the presence of sufficient reactive silica and a sufficiently high temperature, alkali metal sulfates can be prevented from accumulating. Any sticky alkali metal silicate glasses which tend to form are prevented from causing defluidization by insuring the presence of sufficient CaO, MgO, Fe2O3 and/or Al2O3 so that the glass is converted into high melting silicate compounds.
Inventors
- 👤 Elliott J Roberts
- 👤 Peter Allen Angevine
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 14:59
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/24; B01J8/32; F; F23; F23G; F23G5/00; F23G5/30; F23G2209/00; F23G2209/10; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/40; Y10; Y10S; Y10S423/00; Y10S423/09; Y10S423/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
52 words
A PROCESS FOR FLUID BED INCINERATION, IN THE PRESENCE OF SULFUR OR SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, OF AN AQUEOUS COMBUSTIBLE ORGANIC WASTE STREAM CONTAMINATEED WITH AT LEAST ONE ALKALI METAL CHLORIDE, COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: 1.FLUIDIZING A BODY OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL IN A REACTION CHAMBER BY PASSNG AN UPWARDLY FLOWING STREAM OF AIR THERETHROUGH,
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
52 words
A PROCESS FOR FLUID BED INCINERATION, IN THE PRESENCE OF SULFUR OR SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS, OF AN AQUEOUS COMBUSTIBLE ORGANIC WASTE STREAM CONTAMINATEED WITH AT LEAST ONE ALKALI METAL CHLORIDE, COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: 1.FLUIDIZING A BODY OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL IN A REACTION CHAMBER BY PASSNG AN UPWARDLY FLOWING STREAM OF AIR THERETHROUGH,
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
49 words
MAINTAINING THE FLUIDIZED BODY AAT A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 800*C UP TO ABOUT 1,000*C TO BURN THE ORGANIC MATERIAL AND VOLATILIZE A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF THE ALKALI METAL CHLORIDE, THE UNVOLATILIZED ALKALI METAL REMAINING IN THE BED BEING EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF WATER-SOLUBLE AND WATER-INSOLUBLE NA,
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
49 words
MAINTAINING THE FLUIDIZED BODY AAT A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 800*C UP TO ABOUT 1,000*C TO BURN THE ORGANIC MATERIAL AND VOLATILIZE A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF THE ALKALI METAL CHLORIDE, THE UNVOLATILIZED ALKALI METAL REMAINING IN THE BED BEING EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF WATER-SOLUBLE AND WATER-INSOLUBLE NA,
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
49 words
maintaining the fluidized body at a temperature in the range from about 800*C up to about 1,000*C to burn the organic material and volatilize a substantial portion of the alkali metal chloride, the unvolatilized alkali metal remaining in the bed being expressed in terms of water-soluble and water-insoluble Na,
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
maintaining the fluidized body at a temperature in the range from about 800*C up to about 1,000*C to burn the organic material and volatilize a substantial portion of the alkali metal chloride, the unvolatilized alkali metal remaining in the bed being expressed in terms of water-soluble and water-insoluble Na,
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the fluidized body is maintained at a temperature in the range from about 850*C up to about 950*C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
maintaining the fluidized body at a temperature in the range from about 800*C up to about 1,000*C to burn the organic material,
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
maintaining the fluidized body at a temperature in the range from about 800*C up to about 1,000*C to burn the organic material,
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the fluidized body is composed of sand.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
121 words
introducing finely divided SiO2 in an effective amount of up to 3%, by weight, based on the water content of said combustible waste, and at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of CaO, MgO, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 into the reaction chamber for reaction with the remaining portion of alkali metal to form high-melting alkali metal crystalline compounds, said metal oxide being added to provide an amount corresponding to at least 1 mole thereof for every 2 moles of water-insoluble Na present in the bed when said oxide is Al2O3 or Fe2O3, and to provide at least 2 moles thereof for every 2 moles of water-insoluble Na present in the bed when said oxide is CaO or MgO and
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
121 words
introducing finely divided SiO2 in an effective amount of up to 3%, by weight, based on the water content of said combustible waste, and at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of CaO, MgO, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 into the reaction chamber for reaction with the remaining portion of alkali metal to form high-melting alkali metal crystalline compounds, said metal oxide being added to provide an amount corresponding to at least 1 mole thereof for every 2 moles of water-insoluble Na present in the bed when said oxide is Al2O3 or Fe2O3, and to provide at least 2 moles thereof for every 2 moles of water-insoluble Na present in the bed when said oxide is CaO or MgO and
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
71 words
introducing finely divided SiO2 and Al2O3 in the form of clay into the reaction chamber for combination with the alkali metal to form high-melting alkali metal crystalline compounds, the clay being added in an amount sufficient to provide at least 1 mole of Al2O3 for each 2 moles of alkali metal present in said combustible waste stream, whereby at least 2 moles of SiO2 per mole of Al2O3 are provided, and
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
71 words
introducing finely divided SiO2 and Al2O3 in the form of clay into the reaction chamber for combination with the alkali metal to form high-melting alkali metal crystalline compounds, the clay being added in an amount sufficient to provide at least 1 mole of Al2O3 for each 2 moles of alkali metal present in said combustible waste stream, whereby at least 2 moles of SiO2 per mole of Al2O3 are provided, and
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
21 words
INTRODUCING FNELY DIVIDED SIO2 IN AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF UP TO 3% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WATER CONTENT OF SAID
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
INTRODUCING FNELY DIVIDED SIO2 IN AN EFFECTIVE AMOUNT OF UP TO 3% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WATER CONTENT OF SAID
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
DISCHARGING THE GASEOUS AND SLID REACTION PRODUCTS FROM THE REACTION CHAMBER FOR DISPOSAL OR FURTHER TREATMENT.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
DISCHARGING THE GASEOUS AND SLID REACTION PRODUCTS FROM THE REACTION CHAMBER FOR DISPOSAL OR FURTHER TREATMENT.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
discharging the gaseous and solid reaction products from the reaction chamber for disposal or further treatment.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
discharging the gaseous and solid reaction products from the reaction chamber for disposal or further treatment.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said finely divided SiO2 has an average particle size of -325 mesh.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
discharging the gaseous and solid reaction products from the reaction chamber for disposal or further treatment.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
discharging the gaseous and solid reaction products from the reaction chamber for disposal or further treatment.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 4 in which Al2O3 is added in an amount such that the weight ratio of Al2O3/Na is at least 2.22 where Na is the water-insoluble sodium in the fluidized bed.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 4 in which Fe2O3 is added in an amount such that the weight ratio of Fe2O3/Na is at least 3.48 where Na is the water-insoluble sodium in the fluidized bed.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 4 in which MgO is added in an amount such that the weight ratio of MgO/Na is at least 1.74 where Na is the water-insoluble sodium in the fluidized bed.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 5 in which CaO is added in an amount such that the weight ratio if CaO/Na is at least 2.43 where Na is the water-insoluble sodium in the fluidized bed.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 8 in which CaO is added in an amount such that the weight ratio of CaO/Na is at least 3.65 where Na is the water-insoluble sodium in the fluidized bed.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process for fluid bed incineration, in the presence of sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds, of an aqueous combustible organic waste stream contaminated with at lEast one alkali metal chloride, comprising the steps of:
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process for fluid bed incineration, in the presence of sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds, of an aqueous combustible organic waste stream contaminated with at lEast one alkali metal chloride, comprising the steps of:
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 10 wherein the fluidized body is maintained at a temperature in the range from about 850*C up to about 950*C.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the fluidized body is composed of sand.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said gaseous and solid reaction products include HCl and sulfate compounds.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-22 | 1979-03-24 | 1979-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-22 | 1983-03-24 | 1983-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-22 | 1987-03-24 | 1987-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |