Method for preparing n-alkyl-' ,' -unsaturated amide

Claim 3

The method of claim 1 wherein the alkylamine is used in a molar amount of at least twice as much as that of the Alpha , Beta -unsaturated nitrile.

Claim 4

A method according to claim 1 wherein the water is used in a molar amount 1-20 times as much as that of the Alpha , Beta -unsaturated nitrile.

Claim 5

A method according to claim 1 wherein the byproduct obtained is recycled.

Claim 6

A method according to claim 1 wherein the alkylamine is removed from the reaction system with heating while passing an inert gas through the reaction system.

Claim 7

A method according to claim 1 wherein the alkylamine is removed from the reaction system under a superatmospheric pressure with heating to a temperature above the boiling point under the atmosphere of the formed N-alkyl- Alpha , Beta -unsaturated amide.

Claim 8

A method according to claim 1 wherein at least one member selected from the group consisting of metallic copper, zinc, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, the oxides, the peroxides, the hydroxides, the inorganic acid salts and the organic acid salts of copper, zinc, tin, iron, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, silver, mercury, titanium, zirconium, lead, vanadium, antimony, bismuth, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, palladium, iridium, gold and platinum, is used as a catalyst.

Claim 9

A method according to claim 7 wherein 0.001 to 20% by mole of the catalyst is used on the basis of the Alpha , Beta -unsaturated nitrile.

Claim 10

The method of claim 1 wherein said Alpha , Beta -unsaturated nitrile is selected from the group of acrylonitrile, Alpha -methylacrylonitrile, Alpha -ethylacrylonitrile, Alpha -n-propylacrylonitrile, Alpha -isopropylacrylonitrile, Alpha -n-butylacrylonitrile, Alpha -sec.-butylacrylonitrile, Alpha -n-amylacrylonitrile, and Alpha -n-hexylacrylonitrile.

Claim 11

The method of claim 9 wherein said alkylamine is selected from the group of methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, n-propylamine, di-n-propylamine, n-butylamine, di-n-butylamine, isobutylamine, diisobutylamine, n-amylamine, di-n-amylamine, n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, pyrrolidine, and piperidine.

Claim 12

The method of claim 1 wherein said alkylamine is selected from the group of methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, n-propylamine, di-n-propylamine, n-butylamine, di-n-butylamine, isobutylamine, diisobutylamine, n-amylamine, di-n-amylamine, n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, pyrrolidine, and piperidine.

Claim 13

The method of claim 7 wherein the inorganic acid salts are selected from the group of carbonates, cyanates, nitrates, sulfates, halides, oxyhalides, sulfides, phosphates, pyrophosphates, borates, nitrites, rhodanates, chromates, bichromates molybdenates, phospho-molybdenates, tungstenates, and permanganates, and wherein the organic acid salts are selected from the group of formates, acetates, peracetates, propionates, butyrates, stearates, oxalates, citrates, p-toluene-sulfonates, picrates, naphthenates, benzoates, and tolylates.

Claim 14

The method of claim 7 wherein said catalyst is selected from the group of zinc acetate, zinc chlorate, silver nitrate, cadmium acetate, cadmium phosphate, mercurous chloride, mercuric chloride, stannous chloride, stannic chloride, potassium permanganate, manganese dichloride, manganese trichloride, manganese tetrachloride, vanadium chloride, antimony trichloride, manganese sulfide, lead peracetate, lead peroxide, lead chlorate, zirconium oxychloride, zinc phosphite, zinc (powdered), tin (powdered), iron (powdered), raney cobalt (powdered), raney nickel (powdered), molybdenic acid, tungstenic acid, cobalt carbonate (basic), zinc stearate, cuprous cyanate, chloroauric acid, mercury thiocyanate, stannous oxalate, p-toluenesulfonic acid, antimony tribromide, bismuth oxychloride, chromium sulfate, chromous chloride, iridium chloride, ammonium permanganate, cobalt naphthenate, nickel bromide, ruthenium chloride, rhodium chloride, palladium chloride, ferrous chloride, ferric bromide, mercuric sulfate, cuprous bromide, cupric iodide, zinc sulfide, ferric formate, cupric n-butyrate, osmium tetrachloride, platinum chloride, titanium trichloride, zinc hydroxide, zinc thiocyanate, zinc phosphite, zinc borate, zinc nitrite, chromic acid, zinc benzoate, zinc tolylate, zinc propionate, zinc citrate, zinc chloride, cupric chloride, cadmium chloride, and cobalt chloride.

Claim 15

The method of claim 7 wherein said catalyst is a mixture of zinc chloride, zinc acetate, osmium tetrachloride, lead oxide and zinc (powdered).

Claim 16

The method of claim 7 wherein the said catalyst is selected from the groUp of powdered copper and phosphomolybdenic acid.

Claim 17

The method of claim 7 wherein the oxides, the peroxides, and the hydroxides are selected from the group of lead oxide, lead peroxide, and zinc hydroxide.

Claim 18

The method of claim 1 wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature ranging from 150* C to 280* C.