US3904435A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Multi-mode thermal battery
Assignee: United States Department of the Army
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Filing: 1973-08-02
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Granted: 1975-09-09
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Expires: 1993-08-02
Abstract
Abstract A thermal cell comprising: (1) electrodes, (2) at least one solid salt disposed between the electrodes and capable of providing a low, but useful, ionic conductivity at ambient temperatures and becoming a strong ionic electrolyte upon thermal activation, and (3) means contained in the cell for supplying a sufficient amount of heat to thermally activate the solid salt thereby causing the salt to become a strong ionic conductor. These thermal cells are useful in electric ordnance applications wherein low, but useful, power requirements exist for a long period of time following by considerably high power requirements for a short period of time.
Inventors
- 👤 Asaf A Benderly
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 09:02
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M6/00; H01M6/30; H01M6/36; H01M6/14; H01M6/18; H01M6/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A THERMMAL CELL COMPRISING: (1) ELECTRODES, (2) AT LEAST ONE SALT DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID ELECTRODES, SAID SAT BEING SOLID AND CAPABLE OF PROVIDING A LOW, BUT USEFUL, IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND BECOMNG A STRING IONIC ELECTROLYTE UPON THERMAL ACTIVATION, SAID SALT BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILVER-RUBDIUM IODIDE, LITHIUM IODIDE, LITHIUM TUNGSTATE, ALKYL AMMONIUM IODIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, AND (3) MEANS CONTAINED IN THE CELL FOR SUPPLYING A SUFFICIENT AMOUNT OF HEAT TO THERMALLY ACTIVIATE SAID SOLID SALT THEREBY CAUSING SAID SAT TO BECOME A STRONG IONIC CONDUCTOR.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A THERMMAL CELL COMPRISING: (1) ELECTRODES, (2) AT LEAST ONE SALT DISPOSED BETWEEN SAID ELECTRODES, SAID SAT BEING SOLID AND CAPABLE OF PROVIDING A LOW, BUT USEFUL, IONIC CONDUCTIVITY AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES AND BECOMNG A STRING IONIC ELECTROLYTE UPON THERMAL ACTIVATION, SAID SALT BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILVER-RUBDIUM IODIDE, LITHIUM IODIDE, LITHIUM TUNGSTATE, ALKYL AMMONIUM IODIDE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF, AND (3) MEANS CONTAINED IN THE CELL FOR SUPPLYING A SUFFICIENT AMOUNT OF HEAT TO THERMALLY ACTIVIATE SAID SOLID SALT THEREBY CAUSING SAID SAT TO BECOME A STRONG IONIC CONDUCTOR.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The thermal cell of claim 1 wherein said salt becomes a strong electrolyte in the molten or liquid state upon thermal activation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The thermal cell of claim 1 wherein said salt becomes a strong electrolyte due to a change to a solid phase with inherently high ionic conductivity.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The thermal cell of claim 1 wherein said alkyl ammonium iodide is a quaternary ammonium compound and each of said alkyl groups contain from about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The thermal cell of claim 1 wherein said solid inorganic salt provides a sufficient amount of electrical current to operate a timing or sensing circuit having low power requirements.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3725132A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-08 | 1979-03-10 | 1979-09-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-08 | 1983-03-10 | 1983-09-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-08 | 1987-03-10 | 1987-09-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |