US3902985A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Alakali metal chlorate cell having metal bipolar electrodes
Assignee: PPG Industries Inc
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Filing: 1973-11-30
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Granted: 1975-09-02
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Expires: 1993-11-30
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed is a bipolar electrolytic cell for the evolution of alkali metal halates. The electrolytic cell has a plurality of bipolar units, each of the bipolar units having individual conducting means with anodes mounted on one side and cathodes mounted on the opposite side. Between each pair of individual conducting means are individual insulating means. The assembly of conducting means, including the anodes and cathodes mounted on each individual conducting means, and the insulating means, are held together by compressive means imposing a compressive force on the insulators and conductors. The bipolar units are offset from the prior and subsequent bipolar units so that the electrodes are interleaved and so that an individual insulator of one bipolar unit serves to provide an inter-electrode gap between the electrodes of that unit and the electrodes of the adjacent bipolar unit.
Inventors
- 👤 Carl W Raetzsch
- 👤 Hugh Cunningham
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 05:13
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B9/00; C25B9/70; C25B9/73; C25B9/75; C25B11/00; C25B11/02; C25B9/17; C25B9/19
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
32 words
THE ANODES OF A BIPOLAR UNIT ARE INTERLEAVED BETWEEN A PAIR OF CATHODES OF A SUBSEQUENT BIPOLAR UNIT AND SEPARATED THEREFROM BY THE INSULATING MEANS OF BOTH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS, AND
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
32 words
THE ANODES OF A BIPOLAR UNIT ARE INTERLEAVED BETWEEN A PAIR OF CATHODES OF A SUBSEQUENT BIPOLAR UNIT AND SEPARATED THEREFROM BY THE INSULATING MEANS OF BOTH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS, AND
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
69 words
A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS HAVING METAL ANODE MEANS MOUNTED ON ONE END THEREOF AND CATHODE MEANS MOUNTED ON THE OTHER END THEREOF, SAID INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS COMPRISING AN ACID RESISTANT, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE METAL MEMBER HAVING THE SAID METAL ANODE MEANS CONNECTED THERETO, AN ALAKALI RESISTANT, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE METAL MEMBER HAVING THE SAID CATHODE MEANS CONNECTED THERETO, AND COPPER MEMBER BETWEEN AND MECHANICALLY AND ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED TO SAID METAL MEMBERS,
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
69 words
A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS HAVING METAL ANODE MEANS MOUNTED ON ONE END THEREOF AND CATHODE MEANS MOUNTED ON THE OTHER END THEREOF, SAID INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS COMPRISING AN ACID RESISTANT, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE METAL MEMBER HAVING THE SAID METAL ANODE MEANS CONNECTED THERETO, AN ALAKALI RESISTANT, ELECTROCONDUCTIVE METAL MEMBER HAVING THE SAID CATHODE MEANS CONNECTED THERETO, AND COPPER MEMBER BETWEEN AND MECHANICALLY AND ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED TO SAID METAL MEMBERS,
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
A bipolar electrolytic cell for the evolution of alkali metal chlorates comprising: A. a plurality of bipolar units, each of said bipolar units comprising:
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A bipolar electrolytic cell for the evolution of alkali metal chlorates comprising: A. a plurality of bipolar units, each of said bipolar units comprising:
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
75 words
a plurality of individual conducting means having metal anode means mounted on one end thereof and cathode means mounted on the other end thereof, said individual conducting means comprising an acid resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said metal anode means connected thereto; an alkali resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said cathode means connected thereto; and a high electroconductivity, low hydrogen permeability metal member between and mechanically and electrically connected to said metal members.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
75 words
a plurality of individual conducting means having metal anode means mounted on one end thereof and cathode means mounted on the other end thereof, said individual conducting means comprising an acid resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said metal anode means connected thereto; an alkali resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said cathode means connected thereto; and a high electroconductivity, low hydrogen permeability metal member between and mechanically and electrically connected to said metal members.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
the anodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of cathodes of a subsequent bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units; and
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
the anodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of cathodes of a subsequent bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units; and
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
70 words
a plurality of individual conducting means having metal anode means mounted on one end thereof and cathode means mounted on the other end thereof, said individual conducting means comprising an acid resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said metal anode means connected thereto; an alkali resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said cathode means connected thereto; and a copper member between and mechanically and electrically connected to said metal members;
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
70 words
a plurality of individual conducting means having metal anode means mounted on one end thereof and cathode means mounted on the other end thereof, said individual conducting means comprising an acid resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said metal anode means connected thereto; an alkali resistant, electroconductive metal member having the said cathode means connected thereto; and a copper member between and mechanically and electrically connected to said metal members;
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
the anodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of cathodes of a subsequent bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units; and
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
the anodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of cathodes of a subsequent bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units; and
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
the cathodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of anodes of a prior bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
the cathodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of anodes of a prior bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
the cathodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of anodes of a prior bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
31 words
the cathodes of a bipolar unit are interleaved between a pair of anodes of a prior bipolar unit and separated therefrom by the insulating means of both of said bipolar units.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
79 words
individual insulating means corresponding to and interposed between a pair of said individual conducting means, whereby an individual insulating means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual conducting means, and an individual conducting means is interposed Between a pair of adjacent, individual insulating means, said individual insulating means comprising a compressible, electrolyte resistant, electrolyte impermeable, insulating means on facing surfaces of said copper members and substantially coextensive therewith thereby to prevent contact of the copper by electrolyte; and
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
79 words
individual insulating means corresponding to and interposed between a pair of said individual conducting means, whereby an individual insulating means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual conducting means, and an individual conducting means is interposed Between a pair of adjacent, individual insulating means, said individual insulating means comprising a compressible, electrolyte resistant, electrolyte impermeable, insulating means on facing surfaces of said copper members and substantially coextensive therewith thereby to prevent contact of the copper by electrolyte; and
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bipolar electrolyte cell of claim 1 wherein the high electroconductivity, low hydrogen permeability metal member is a copper member.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
46 words
individual insulating means corresponding to and interposed between a pair of said individual conducting means, whereby an individual insulating means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual conducting means, and an individual conducting means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual insulating means; and
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
46 words
individual insulating means corresponding to and interposed between a pair of said individual conducting means, whereby an individual insulating means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual conducting means, and an individual conducting means is interposed between a pair of adjacent, individual insulating means; and
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
79 words
INDIVIDUAL INSULTATING MEANS CORRESPONDING TO AND INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF SAID INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS, WHEREBY AN INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS IS INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ADJACENT, INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS AND AN INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS IS INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ADJACENT, INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS, SAID INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS COMPRISING A COMPRESSIBLE, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANT, ELECTROLYTE IMPERMEABLE, INSULATING MEANS ON FACING SURFACES OF SAID COPPER MEMBERS AND SUBSTANTIALLY COEXTENSIVE THEREWITH TTHEREBY TO PREVENT CONTACT OF THE COPPER BY ELECTROLYTE, AND
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
79 words
INDIVIDUAL INSULTATING MEANS CORRESPONDING TO AND INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF SAID INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS, WHEREBY AN INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS IS INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ADJACENT, INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS AND AN INDIVIDUAL CONDUCTING MEANS IS INTERPOSED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ADJACENT, INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS, SAID INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS COMPRISING A COMPRESSIBLE, ELECTROLYTE RESISTANT, ELECTROLYTE IMPERMEABLE, INSULATING MEANS ON FACING SURFACES OF SAID COPPER MEMBERS AND SUBSTANTIALLY COEXTENSIVE THEREWITH TTHEREBY TO PREVENT CONTACT OF THE COPPER BY ELECTROLYTE, AND
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
31 words
THE CATHODES OF A BIPOLAR UNIT ARE INTERLEAVED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ANODES OF A PRIOR BIPOLAR UNIT AND SEPARATED THEREFROM BY THE INSULATING MEANS OF BOTH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
THE CATHODES OF A BIPOLAR UNIT ARE INTERLEAVED BETWEEN A PAIR OF ANODES OF A PRIOR BIPOLAR UNIT AND SEPARATED THEREFROM BY THE INSULATING MEANS OF BOTH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
69 words
COMPRESSIVE MEANS IMPOSING A COMPRESSIVE FORCE UPON SAID INSULATING MEANS AND SAID CONDUCTING MEANS WHEREBY TO PROVIDE A RIGID BIPOLAR UNIT, SAID COMPRESSIVE MEANS COMPRISING: ELECTRICALLY INSULATIVE BOLT MEANS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS SUBSTANTIALLY COEXTENSIVE WITH AND BEARING UPON MEANS AN EXTERNAL PAIR OF SAID INSULATING MEANS AT THE EXTREME END OF THE BPOLAR UNIT, AND B. SAID BIPOLAR UNITS BEING ARRAYED IN A BIPOLAR CONFIGURATION WHEREIN:
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
69 words
COMPRESSIVE MEANS IMPOSING A COMPRESSIVE FORCE UPON SAID INSULATING MEANS AND SAID CONDUCTING MEANS WHEREBY TO PROVIDE A RIGID BIPOLAR UNIT, SAID COMPRESSIVE MEANS COMPRISING: ELECTRICALLY INSULATIVE BOLT MEANS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID INDIVIDUAL INSULATING MEANS SUBSTANTIALLY COEXTENSIVE WITH AND BEARING UPON MEANS AN EXTERNAL PAIR OF SAID INSULATING MEANS AT THE EXTREME END OF THE BPOLAR UNIT, AND B. SAID BIPOLAR UNITS BEING ARRAYED IN A BIPOLAR CONFIGURATION WHEREIN:
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
compressive means imposing a compressive force upon said insulating means and said conducting means whereby to provide a rigid bipolar unit; B. said bipolar units being arrayed in a bipolar configuration wherein:
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
compressive means imposing a compressive force upon said insulating means and said conducting means whereby to provide a rigid bipolar unit; B. said bipolar units being arrayed in a bipolar configuration wherein:
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the acid resistant metal is chosen from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, columbium, tantalum, and tungsten.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
75 words
compressive means imposing a compressive force upon said insulating means and said conducting means whereby to provide a rigid bipolar unit, said compressive means comprising: electrically insulative bolt means extending through said individual insulating means and conducting means; and bearing surface means substantially coextensive with and bearing upon an external pair of said insulating means at the extreme end of the bipolar unit; and B. said bipolar units being arrayed in a bipolar configuration wherein:
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
75 words
compressive means imposing a compressive force upon said insulating means and said conducting means whereby to provide a rigid bipolar unit, said compressive means comprising: electrically insulative bolt means extending through said individual insulating means and conducting means; and bearing surface means substantially coextensive with and bearing upon an external pair of said insulating means at the extreme end of the bipolar unit; and B. said bipolar units being arrayed in a bipolar configuration wherein:
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
38 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein said insulating means include means for maintaining an interelectrode gap between a pair of electrodes adjacent thereto and a pair of electrodes of an adjacent bipolar unit in series therewith.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
29 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 4 wherein the means for maintaining an interelectrode gap comprise means for mechanically engaging the electrodes of the prior and subsequent bipolar units.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
26 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein said individual insulating means comprise compressible, electrolyte resistant, insulating means on facing surfaces of adjacent individual conducting means.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
27 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 6 wherein said individual insulating means comprise substantially incompressible, electrolyte resistant, insulating means interposed between a pair of compressible insulating means.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
50 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein said compressive means comprise: electrically insulative bolt means extending through said individual insulating means and conducting means; and bearing surface means substantially coextensive with and bearing upon an external pair of said insulating means at the extreme end of the bipolar unit.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
46 words
The bipolar electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein said individual insulating means comprise: compressible, electrolyte resistant, electrolyte impermeable, insulating means on facing surfaces of said copper members and substantially coextensive therewith thereby to prevent contact of the high electroconductivity low hydrogen permeability metal member by electrolyte.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
23 words
A BIPOLAR ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR THE EVOLUTION OF ALKALI METAL CHLORATES COMPRISING: A. PLURALITY OF BIPOLAR UNITS, EACH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS COMPRISING:
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
A BIPOLAR ELECTROLYTIC CELL FOR THE EVOLUTION OF ALKALI METAL CHLORATES COMPRISING: A. PLURALITY OF BIPOLAR UNITS, EACH OF SAID BIPOLAR UNITS COMPRISING:
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-01 | 1979-03-03 | 1979-09-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-01 | 1983-03-03 | 1983-09-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-01 | 1987-03-03 | 1987-09-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |