US3900422A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Heavy metal adsorbents and process for producing same
Assignee: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
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Filing: 1973-09-25
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Granted: 1975-08-19
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Expires: 1993-09-25
Abstract
Abstract Heavy metal adsorbents comprising granules of a mixture of nitrohumic acid and at least one binder selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group-containing polymeric compound and a water-insoluble salt thereof. These heavy metal adsorbents are produced advantageously by either a process wherein a mixture of nitrohumic acid and a carboxyl group-containing polymeric compound is kneaded with an aqueous solution of alkali and the kneaded mixture is first subjected to an acid treatment and then shaped into granules, or a process wherein nitrohumic acid and a carboxyl group-containing polymeric compound are dissolved in an aqueous solution of alkali, the solution is acidified to form a precipitate and then the precipitate is separated and shaped into granules. The granular products thus obtained can be further improved in mechanical strength by means of a heat treatment.
Inventors
- 👤 Kazuki Terajima
- 👤 Shigeru Tomita
- 👤 Yoshindo Matsuda
- 👤 Keiji Abe
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 02:16
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/28; C02F1/286; B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/22; C22; C22B; C22B3/00; C22B3/20; C22B3/22; C22B3/24; C02F2101/00; C02F2101/10; C02F2101/20; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P10/00; Y02P10/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A COMPOSITION OF MATTER COMPRISING A GRANULAR MIXTURE OF NITROHUMIC ACID AND ABOUT 5-50 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER 100 PARTS OF SAID NITROHUMIC ACID OF AT LEAST ONE CARBOXYL-CONTAINING POLYMERIC BINDER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE, CARBOXYMETHYLSTARCH, ALGINIC ACID, PECTINIC ACID, PROTEIN, POLYACRYLIC ACID, POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED POLYACRYLAMIDE, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED NMETHYLOLATED POLYACRYLAMIDE, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED NMETHYLOLATED POLYMETHACRYLAMIDE AND WATER-INSOLUBLE SALTS THEREOF.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
63 words
A COMPOSITION OF MATTER COMPRISING A GRANULAR MIXTURE OF NITROHUMIC ACID AND ABOUT 5-50 PARTS BY WEIGHT PER 100 PARTS OF SAID NITROHUMIC ACID OF AT LEAST ONE CARBOXYL-CONTAINING POLYMERIC BINDER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE, CARBOXYMETHYLSTARCH, ALGINIC ACID, PECTINIC ACID, PROTEIN, POLYACRYLIC ACID, POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED POLYACRYLAMIDE, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED NMETHYLOLATED POLYACRYLAMIDE, PARTIALLY HYDROLYZED NMETHYLOLATED POLYMETHACRYLAMIDE AND WATER-INSOLUBLE SALTS THEREOF.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition of matter according to claim 1 wherein at least one of carboxymethylcellulose and alginic acid is used as the carboxyl-containing polymeric binder.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition of matter according to claim 1 wherein at least one of a protein and polyacrylic acid is used as the carboxyl-containing polymeric binder.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
A composition of matter according to claim 1 including about 10- 100 parts by weight of an inorganic filler per 100 parts by weight of said nitrohumic acid in said mixture.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for producing a composition of matter comprising the steps of (A) kneading with an aqueous alkaline solution a mixture of nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymethacrylamide, and (B) shaping the kneaded mixture into granules and subjecting them to an acid treatment to insolubilize said binder.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
93 words
A process for producing a composition of matter comprising the steps of (A) kneading with an aqueous alkaline solution a mixture of nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymethacrylamide, and (B) shaping the kneaded mixture into granules and subjecting them to an acid treatment to insolubilize said binder.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein the resulting granules are contacted with an aqueous solution containing an alkali earth metal salt to convert free acid groups to insoluble salt form.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the resulting granules are heated in the range of about 120*-200*C for about 0.5-5 hours.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for producing a composition of matter characterized by dissolving nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymethacrylamide in an aqueous solution of alkali, acidifying the aqueous solution with an acid to form a precipitate, separating the precipitate and then shaping it into granules.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
89 words
A process for producing a composition of matter characterized by dissolving nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymethacrylamide in an aqueous solution of alkali, acidifying the aqueous solution with an acid to form a precipitate, separating the precipitate and then shaping it into granules.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the resulting granules are contacted with an aqueous solution containing an alkali earth metal salt to convert free acid groups to insoluble salt form.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the resulting granules are heated in the range of about 120*-200*C for about 0.5-5 hours.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for producing a composition of matter comprising the steps of (A) kneading with an aqueous alkaline solution a mixture of nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymEthacrylamide, and (B) subjecting the kneaded mixture to an acid treatment to insolubilize said binder and then shaping the thus treated mixture into granules.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
97 words
A process for producing a composition of matter comprising the steps of (A) kneading with an aqueous alkaline solution a mixture of nitrohumic acid and about 5-50 parts by weight per 100 parts of said acid of a water-soluble salt of a carboxyl-containing polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylstarch, alginic acid, pectinic acid, protein, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polyacrylamide and partially hydrolyzed N-methylolated polymEthacrylamide, and (B) subjecting the kneaded mixture to an acid treatment to insolubilize said binder and then shaping the thus treated mixture into granules.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the resulting granules are contacted with an aqueous solution containing an alkali earth metal salt to convert free acid groups to insoluble salt form.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the resulting granules are heated in the range of about 120*-200*C for about 0.5-5 hours.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-08-18 | 1979-02-17 | 1979-08-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-08-18 | 1983-02-17 | 1983-08-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-08-18 | 1987-02-17 | 1987-08-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |