US3898177A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Catalysts for the production of pyridine and 3-methylpyridine
Assignee: Evonik Operations GmbH
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Filing: 1972-10-10
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Granted: 1975-08-05
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Expires: 1992-10-10
Abstract
Abstract Catalysts for the reaction of acrolein with ammonia to form pyridine and 3-methylpyridine are prepared by treating a compound of the elements Al, F and O and at least one element of the second, third or fourth group of the periodic system with oxygen at 550* to 1,200*C.
Inventors
- 👤 Helmut Beschke
- 👤 Hans Schaefer
- 👤 Gerd Schreyer
- 👤 Wilhelm Alfons Schuler
- 👤 Wolfgang Weigert
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 07:39
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J21/00; B01J21/06; B01J21/066; B01J21/02; B01J21/04; B01J21/12; B01J21/14; C; C07; C07D; C07D213/00; C07D213/02; C07D213/04; C07D213/06; C07D213/08; C07D213/09; C07D213/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
14 words
ALUMINUM ALUMINUM OXIDE OR AN ALUMINUM COMPOUND CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE,
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
14 words
ALUMINUM ALUMINUM OXIDE OR AN ALUMINUM COMPOUND CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE,
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
82 words
A CATALYST SUITABLE FOR THE REACTION OF ACROLEIN WITH AMMONIA TO FORM PYRIDINE AND 3-METHYL PYRIDINE SAID CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF OXYGEN CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF AL, F AT LEAST ONE OF THE ELEMENTS B AND SI AND AT LAST ONE ELEMENT FROM THE SECOND AND FOURTH GROUPS OF THE PERIODIC SYSTERN SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MG BA, ZN, SN AND ZR SAID CATALYST HAVING BEEN PREPARED BY HEATING IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN AT A TEMPERATURE OF 600* TO 800*C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
82 words
A CATALYST SUITABLE FOR THE REACTION OF ACROLEIN WITH AMMONIA TO FORM PYRIDINE AND 3-METHYL PYRIDINE SAID CATALYST CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF OXYGEN CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF AL, F AT LEAST ONE OF THE ELEMENTS B AND SI AND AT LAST ONE ELEMENT FROM THE SECOND AND FOURTH GROUPS OF THE PERIODIC SYSTERN SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MG BA, ZN, SN AND ZR SAID CATALYST HAVING BEEN PREPARED BY HEATING IN THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN AT A TEMPERATURE OF 600* TO 800*C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
a compound of fluorine, said fluorine having been added as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid, boron trifluoride, magnesium fluoborate, magnesium fluosilicate, zinc fluosilicate or barium fluosilicate,
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
a compound of fluorine, said fluorine having been added as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid, boron trifluoride, magnesium fluoborate, magnesium fluosilicate, zinc fluosilicate or barium fluosilicate,
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A COMPOUND OF FLUORINE SAID FLUORINE HAVING BEEN ADDED AS AMMONIUM FLUORIDE AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE, HYDROGEN FLUORIDE FLUOBORIC ACID FLUOSILICIC ACID BORON TRIFLUORIDE MAGNESIUM FLUOBORATE MAGNESIUM FLUOSILICATE ZINC FLUOSILICATE OR BARIUM FLUOSILICATE,
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
A COMPOUND OF FLUORINE SAID FLUORINE HAVING BEEN ADDED AS AMMONIUM FLUORIDE AMMONIUM HYDROGEN FLUORIDE, HYDROGEN FLUORIDE FLUOBORIC ACID FLUOSILICIC ACID BORON TRIFLUORIDE MAGNESIUM FLUOBORATE MAGNESIUM FLUOSILICATE ZINC FLUOSILICATE OR BARIUM FLUOSILICATE,
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
a compound of fluorine, said fluorine having been added as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid, boron trifluoride, magnesium fluoborate, magnesium fluosilicate, zinc fluosilicate or barium fluosilicate,
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
a compound of fluorine, said fluorine having been added as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid, boron trifluoride, magnesium fluoborate, magnesium fluosilicate, zinc fluosilicate or barium fluosilicate,
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein component (3) is a boron component.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein component (3) is a silicon component.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
boron, silicon, boric oxide, silica or a compound of boron or silica convertible to the oxide at said temperature and
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
boron, silicon, boric oxide, silica or a compound of boron or silica convertible to the oxide at said temperature and
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
boron, silicon, boric oxide, silica or a compound of boron or silica convertible to the oxide at said temperature and
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
boron, silicon, boric oxide, silica or a compound of boron or silica convertible to the oxide at said temperature and
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
BORON SILICON BORIC OXIDE SILICA OR A COMPOUND OF BORON OR SILICA CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE AND
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
BORON SILICON BORIC OXIDE SILICA OR A COMPOUND OF BORON OR SILICA CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE AND
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
83 words
MAGNESIUM ZINC, TIN, ZIRCONIUM, MAGNESIUM OXIDE ZINC OXIDE TIN OXIDE OR A COMPOUND OF ZIRCONIUM OR BARIUM CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE THE ATOMIC RATIO OF AL TO F BEING FROM 1000:25 TO 1000:800 AND THE ATOMIC RATIO OF AL TO THE TOTAL OF (3) AND (4) BEING FROM 1000:5 TO 100:200 THE ATOMIC RATIO OF THE TOTAL OF BORON AND SILICON TO THE OTHER ELEMENT FROM THE SECOND AND FOURTH GROUPS BEING BETWEEN 1 TO 10 AND 10 TO 1.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
83 words
MAGNESIUM ZINC, TIN, ZIRCONIUM, MAGNESIUM OXIDE ZINC OXIDE TIN OXIDE OR A COMPOUND OF ZIRCONIUM OR BARIUM CONVERTIBLE TO THE OXIDE AT SAID TEMPERATURE THE ATOMIC RATIO OF AL TO F BEING FROM 1000:25 TO 1000:800 AND THE ATOMIC RATIO OF AL TO THE TOTAL OF (3) AND (4) BEING FROM 1000:5 TO 100:200 THE ATOMIC RATIO OF THE TOTAL OF BORON AND SILICON TO THE OTHER ELEMENT FROM THE SECOND AND FOURTH GROUPS BEING BETWEEN 1 TO 10 AND 10 TO 1.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein both boron and silicon are present and the atomic ratio of boron to silicon is between 3 to 1 and 1 to 3.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
83 words
magnesium, zinc, tin, zirconium, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide or a compound of zirconium or barium convertible to the oxide at said temperature, the atomic ratio of Al to F being from 1000:25 to 1000:800 and the atomic ratio of Al to the total of (3) and (4) being from 1000:5 to 100:200, the atomic ratio of the total of boron and silicon to the other element from the second and fourth groups being between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
83 words
magnesium, zinc, tin, zirconium, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide or a compound of zirconium or barium convertible to the oxide at said temperature, the atomic ratio of Al to F being from 1000:25 to 1000:800 and the atomic ratio of Al to the total of (3) and (4) being from 1000:5 to 100:200, the atomic ratio of the total of boron and silicon to the other element from the second and fourth groups being between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
83 words
magnesium, zinc, tin, zirconium, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide or a compound of zirconium or barium convertible to the oxide at said temperature, the atomic ratio of Al to F being from 1000:25 to 1000:800 and the atomic ratio of Al to the total of (3) and (4) being from 1000:5 to 1000:200, the atomic ratio of the total of boron and silicon to the other element from the second and fourth group being between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
83 words
magnesium, zinc, tin, zirconium, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide or a compound of zirconium or barium convertible to the oxide at said temperature, the atomic ratio of Al to F being from 1000:25 to 1000:800 and the atomic ratio of Al to the total of (3) and (4) being from 1000:5 to 1000:200, the atomic ratio of the total of boron and silicon to the other element from the second and fourth group being between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
29 words
A catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the F is added in compound form as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid or boron trifluoride.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
A catalyst according to claim 1 including both B and Si.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
82 words
A process of preparing a catalyst suitable for the reaction of acrolein with ammonia to form pyridine and 3-methyl pyridine, said catalyst consisting essentially of oxygen containing compounds of Al, F, at least one of the elements B and Si and at least one element from the second and fourth groups of the periodic system selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ba, Sn and Zr, said process comprising heating in the presence of oxygen at a temperature of 600* to 800*C.;
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
82 words
A process of preparing a catalyst suitable for the reaction of acrolein with ammonia to form pyridine and 3-methyl pyridine, said catalyst consisting essentially of oxygen containing compounds of Al, F, at least one of the elements B and Si and at least one element from the second and fourth groups of the periodic system selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ba, Sn and Zr, said process comprising heating in the presence of oxygen at a temperature of 600* to 800*C.;
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 7 wherein the F is added in compound form as ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, fluoboric acid, fluosilicic acid or boron trifluoride.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein components (1) and (4) are added as a mixture in water of aluminum oxide or a water soluble aluminum salt with an oxide or a water soluble salt of Mg, Ba, Zn, Sn or Zr.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the fluorine containing compound is added in water to the mixture of the other materials.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the fluorine containing compound is fluoboric acid or fluosilicic acid.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 9 comprising drying the other materials prior to adding the fluorine containing compound and then adding boron trifluoride in gaseous form as the fluorine compound to said dry mixture.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-08-04 | 1979-02-03 | 1979-08-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-08-04 | 1983-02-03 | 1983-08-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-08-04 | 1987-02-03 | 1987-08-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |