US3896560A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Two-stage fluidized bed reactor with nozzle tuyeres
Assignee: United States Steel Corp
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Filing: 1973-06-18
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Granted: 1975-07-29
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Expires: 1993-06-18
Abstract
Abstract A two-stage fluidized bed reactor for the reduction of iron ore fines is improved by the use of novel tuyeres in the floor of the bed of the upper reactor. The novel tuyere includes a vertical orifice for providing a pressure drop for gas distribution, a segment of passageway of increased diameter in order to reduce the velocity of the gases from 400 to 500 feet per second to less than 100 feet per second in a very short distance; in addition, a horizontal cap plate is employed to prevent sifting of fines downward through the tuyere.
Inventors
- 👤 William A Knepper
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 18:55
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J8/00; B01J8/18; B01J8/24; B01J8/44; F; F27; F27B; F27B15/00; F27B15/02; F27B15/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 5
Claim 1
Independent Claim
172 words
A tuyere for use in conveying hot reducing gas through the floor of a fluidized bed reaction chamber comprising a generally tubular member defining a lower restricted vertical orifice, a connecting segment having an internal diameter at least 2 times the orifice diameter and at least 20 times as long as the orifice diameter, a terminal opening having a cross sectional area at least the area of the connecting segment, and a horizontal cap perpendicular to said terminal opening which, together with the terminus of said connecting segment, defines a cylindrical orifice having a cylindrical area nO less than that of said terminal opening, said cap protruding around said terminal opening and beyond to at least a point on the angle of repose of the material to be treated, taken from the terminal opening, whereby gas entering said lower restricted vertical orifice at a velocity of from 400 to 500 feet per second is reduced in velocity to from 50 to 100 feet per second and exits transversely through said cylindrical orifice.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
172 words
A tuyere for use in conveying hot reducing gas through the floor of a fluidized bed reaction chamber comprising a generally tubular member defining a lower restricted vertical orifice, a connecting segment having an internal diameter at least 2 times the orifice diameter and at least 20 times as long as the orifice diameter, a terminal opening having a cross sectional area at least the area of the connecting segment, and a horizontal cap perpendicular to said terminal opening which, together with the terminus of said connecting segment, defines a cylindrical orifice having a cylindrical area nO less than that of said terminal opening, said cap protruding around said terminal opening and beyond to at least a point on the angle of repose of the material to be treated, taken from the terminal opening, whereby gas entering said lower restricted vertical orifice at a velocity of from 400 to 500 feet per second is reduced in velocity to from 50 to 100 feet per second and exits transversely through said cylindrical orifice.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fluidized bed reactor containing a plurality of the tuyeres of claim 1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
42 words
A fluidized bed reactor useful in reducing ores with hot reducing gases comprising at least one reducing chamber, a floor therefor, a plurality of tuyeres of claim 1, and means for introducing hot reducing gas through the tuyeres into the reducing chamber.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
85 words
A fluidized bed reactor useful for reducing ores and the like comprising at least two vertically oriented reducing chambers, a plenum between said chambers including a plurality of tuyeres of claim 1, means for creating a counter current flow of solids from the upper reducing chamber to the lower reducing chamber, and means for introducing hot reducing gas into said lower chamber under pressure sufficient to cause flow of gas through said tuyeres at a velocity from 50-100 feet per second at the terminus thereof.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-01-27 | 1979-07-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-07-28 | 1983-01-27 | 1983-07-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-07-28 | 1987-01-27 | 1987-07-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |