US3893933A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for producing encapsulated toner composition
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1973-02-23
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Granted: 1975-07-08
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Expires: 1993-02-23
Abstract
Abstract A simplified method of encapsulating toners by polymerization and coacervation resulting in a polymer encapsulated in an incompatible shell polymer is disclosed. Toner particles are prepared by mixing a solute polymer in a solvent monomer after which polymerization of the solvent monomer is initiated resulting in a polymer from the solvent monomer which phaseseparates from the solvent monomer-polymer solution to form a solvent-rich phase which eventually comprises the capsule shell. The solvent-poor phase comprises the solute polymer which provides the material for the capsule core.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert Warren Brown
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 11:31
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/093; G03G9/09392; B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/14; G03G9/09307; G03G9/09314; G03G9/09321; G03G9/0935; G03G9/09357; G03G9/09364; G03G9/09371; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2989
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
68 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ENCAPSULATED TONERS COMPRISING DISSOLVING A POLYMER A IN A MONOMER WHOSE POLYMER B IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH POLYMER A TO FORM A SOLUTION, SAID POLYMER B BEING SOLUBLE IN ITS OWN MONOR, DISPERSING SAID SOLUTION IN A CONTINUOUS PHASE SEPARATING AS THE SOLVENT-RICH PHASE TO PRO POLYMER B PHASE SEPARATING AS THE SOLVENT-RICH PHASE TO PROVIDE A WALL FOR A CORE WHICH COMPRISES POLYMER A.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ENCAPSULATED TONERS COMPRISING DISSOLVING A POLYMER A IN A MONOMER WHOSE POLYMER B IS INCOMPATIBLE WITH POLYMER A TO FORM A SOLUTION, SAID POLYMER B BEING SOLUBLE IN ITS OWN MONOR, DISPERSING SAID SOLUTION IN A CONTINUOUS PHASE SEPARATING AS THE SOLVENT-RICH PHASE TO PRO POLYMER B PHASE SEPARATING AS THE SOLVENT-RICH PHASE TO PROVIDE A WALL FOR A CORE WHICH COMPRISES POLYMER A.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
55 words
The process as defined in claim 1 wherein said polymer A is selected from the group consisting of olefin polymers, halo-olefin polymers, aliphatic vinyl and vinylidene polymers, aromatic vinyl polymers, heterocyclic vinyl polymers, acrylic and methacrylic polymers, polyethers, polysulfides and polysulfones, aliphatic and aromatic polyamides, polyureas, polyurethans, natural and modified natural polymers, and combinations thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process as defined in claim 1 wherein said monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and esters thereof, methacrylic acid and esters thereof, acrylonitrile, vinyl and vinylidene halides, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, styrene and substituted styrenes, and combinations thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process as defined in claim 1 wherein a polymerization initiator is employed, said initiator being selected from the group consisting of organic peroxides, organic hydroperoxides, N-nitroacylanilides, triphenylmethylazobenzene, and aliphatic azobis-nitriles.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process as defined in claim 1 wherein a colorant is provided in the monomer solution.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-07-07 | 1979-01-06 | 1979-07-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-07-07 | 1983-01-06 | 1983-07-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-07-07 | 1987-01-06 | 1987-07-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |