Segregated phase comparison relaying apparatus

Claim 2

Protective relay apparatus for protecting an n phase alternating potential transmission line having n phase conductors, said apparatus comprising a breaker actuating network having n input means, an individual breaker controlling network for each of said n input means of said actuating network, said controlling networks being individually associated with said phase conductors, each of said controlling networks including a conductor fault sensing device and a current sensing device connected to be associated with the phase conductor with which said controlling network is associated, each of said controlling networks including an intelligence handling device, each of said intelligence devices having an intelligence receiving portion and an intelligence transmitting portion, each said network including first circuit means interconnecting its said fault sensing device between its said current sensing device and with its said intelligence handling device, said first circuit means being effective in the absence of the sensing of a conductor fault by its associated said fault sensing device to actuate its associated said transmitter portion to establish a transmitted guard signal, each said controlling network including a phase comparing portion and a second circuit means interconnecting its associated said comparing portion to its said current sensing device and said receiving portion of its said intelligence handling device, each said receiving portion being effective to provide a pulsing signal to its associated said comparing portion through its associated said second circuit means when receiving a remote pulsing input signal and to provide a remote guard signal to its associated said controlling network when its said receiving portion is receiving a remote guard signal, each of said current sensing device being effective to energize its associated said comparing network with A local pulsing input signal through its associated said second circuit means, each said controlling network being effective to render its said comparing portion ineffective to actuate its associated said breaker actuating network when its said receiving portion is supplying its said remote guard signal.

Claim 3

The combination of claim 1 in which each said controlling network includes a fault current responsive arming signal means, said arming signal means being effective unless energized to render its associated said comparing portion ineffective to compare the said pulsing signal supplied thereto.

Claim 4

The combination of claim 2 in which each said controlling network includes a third circuit means connecting its said arming signal means to its associated said fault sensing device whereby said arming signal means is energized as a consequence of the energization of its associated said fault sensing device.

Claim 5

The combination of claim 3 in which each said third circuit means is effective to energize solely the said arming signal means which is associated with the said controlling network of which it is a part.

Claim 6

The combination of claim 3 in which each said third circuit means is effective to energize each of the arming signal means of each said controlling network.

Claim 7

The combination of claim 2 in which each said controlling network includes a security circuit means connecting its said arming signal means to its associated said intelligence device and which is effective when at least one of its said portions is actuated to respond to a fault condition in the phase conductor with which said controlling network is associated.

Claim 8

The combination of claim 6 in which the said portion of said intelligence device is its said receiving portion.

Claim 9

The combination of claim 2 in which each said controlling network includes a current magnitude sensing device operable to sense the magnitude of the current in the said phase conductor with which said controlling network is associated and having a current arming signal output, said current arming signal being effective to render its associating said controlling network effective to respond to said comparing portion solely when the magnitude of the current sensed by said current magnitude sensing device is above a minimum magnitude.

Claim 10

Protective relay apparatus for an electrical transmission circuit having at least one current conductor, said apparatus comprising a pair of input terminals energized with an alternating potential electrical input quantity having a magnitude and phase which is a function of the magnitude and phase of the current in said conductor, a security network having a plurality of input circuits and an output circuit, said security network being effective to provide a trip signal at its said output circuit solely when all of its said input circuits are provided with first signals, a comparing network including an output circuit and first and second input circuits, said comparing network being effective to provide one of said first signals at its said output circuit solely when the pulses supplied to its said input circuits have a predetermined time relationship, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said comparing network to a first of said input circuits of said security network to supply said one first signal thereto, a pulse producing network having an input circuit electrically connected to said terminals whereby it is energized by said input quantity and having an output circuit energized with a first pulsing output quantity, the pulses of said pulsing quantity occurring in a predetermined time relationship with respect to the alternations of said input quantity, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said pulse producing network to said first input circuit of said comparing network, an intelligence handling device having a receiving portion which includes an output circuit, said receiving portion being effective to provide a guard and a pulsing output signal at its saId output circuit in response to the reception of first and second remote signals received by said intelligence handling device, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said receiving portion to said second input circuit of said comparing network to supply thereto the pulses of its said pulsing output signal and to a second of said input circuits of said security network to supply thereto a second of said first signals solely in the absence of said guard signal, a fault detector having an input circuit connected to said terminals for energization by said input quantity and having an output circuit connected to a third of said input circuits of said security network, said fault detector being effective to supply a third of said first signals to said third input circuit of said security network solely in response to the existence of a fault in said conductor.

Claim 11

Protective relay apparatus for an electrical transmission circuit having at least one current conductor, said apparatus comprising a pair of input terminals energized with an alternating potential electrical input quantity having a magnitude and phase which is a function of the magnitude and phase of the current in said conductor, a security network having a plurality of input circuits and an output circuit, said security network being effective to provide a trip signal at its said output circuit solely when all of its said input circuits are provided with first signals, a comparing network including an output circuit and first and second input circuits, said comparing network being effective to provide one of said first signals at its said output circuit solely when the pulses supplied to its said input circuits have a predetermined time relationship, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said comparing network to a first of said input circuits of said security network to supply said one first signal thereto, a pulse producing network having an input circuit electrically connected to said terminals whereby it is energized by said input quantity and having an output circuit energized with a first pulsing output quantity, the pulses of said pulsing quantity occurring in a predetermined time relationship with respect to the alternations of said input quantity, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said pulse producing network to said first input circuit of said comparing network, an intelligence handling device having a receiving portion which includes an output circuit, said receiving portion being effective to provide a guard and a pulsing output signal at its saId output circuit in response to the reception of first and second remote signals received by said intelligence handling device, circuit means connecting said output circuit of said receiving portion to said second input circuit of said comparing network to supply thereto the pulses of its said pulsing output signal and to a second of said input circuits of said security network to supply thereto a second of said first signals solely in the absence of said guard signal, a fault detector having an input circuit connected to said terminals for energization by said input quantity and having an output circuit connected to a third of said input circuits of said security network, said fault detector being effective to supply a third of said first signals to said third input circuit of said security network solely in response to the existence of a fault in said conductor.

Claim 12

The apparatus of claim 9 comprising a frequency verifier network having an input circuit connected to said input terminal and energized by said alternating potential input quantity and having an output circuit connected to a fourth of said input circuits of said security network, said verifier network comprising a filter adapted to attenuate frequencies substantially below the normal frequency of said alternating input quantity and to pass frequencies at and above said normal frequency, said verifier network further including a timing apparatus for measuring the time interval between the zero crossings of said quantity passed by said filter and means responsive to time intervals equal to or less than the half time period of said normal frequency to cause said output circuit of said verifier network to supply a fourth of said first signals to said fourth input circuit of said security network.

Claim 13

The apparatus of claim 9 comprising a current magnitude sensing network having an input circuit connected to said input terminals and energized by said alternating input quantity and having an output circuit connected to another of said input circuits of said security network, said current magnitude sensing network being effective to provide another of said first signals solely when the magnitude of said alternating input quantity is above a predetermined minimum magnitude.

Claim 14

Protective relay apparatus for a polyphase electrical transmission circuit having n phase conductors comprising n+1 current transformers having n+1 pairs of output terminals individually shunted by n+1 loading resistor means, n+1 breaker actuating networks, each of said actuating networks having an input and an output circuit, said inputs of said networks being individually connected to said pairs of output terminals, a breaker tripping network having input means connected to said output circuits of each of said breaker actuating networks, each of said breaker actuating networks including a security network and a pluse comparing network and a pulse producing network and an intelligence handling device, n of said actuating networks having a fault detector, each of said security networks having a plurality of input circuits and an output circuit and effective to provide a trip signal at its said output circuit solely when all of its said input circuits are provided with first signals, each of said pulse comparing networks having first and second input circuits and an output circuit and effective to provide a said first signal at its said output circuit solely when the pulses supplied to its said input circuits have a predetermined time relationship, each said breaker actuating network having circuit means connecting said output circuit of its said comparing network with one of said input circuits of its said security network to supply a said first signal thereto, each said pulse producing network having an input circuit and an output circuit each said breaker actuating network having said input circuit of its said pulse producing network electrically connected to its said pair of terminals and having said ouTput circuit of its said pulse producing network connected to said first input circuit of its said comparing network, each said pulse producing network being effective to energize its said output circuit with a first pulsing output quantity having its pulses occurring in a predetermined time relationship with respect to the alternations of said input quantity which is supplied thereto by its associated said pair of output terminals, each said intelligence handling device having a receiving portion which includes an output circuit effective to provide a guard and a pulsing output signal in response to the reception of first and second remote signals received by said intelligence handling device, each said breaker actuating network having said output circuit of its said receiving portion connected to said second input circuit of its said comparing network to supply thereto the pulses of its said pulsing output signal and connected to a second of said input circuits of its said security network to supply thereto a second of said first signals solely in the absence of said guard signal, each said n breaker actuating networks having said input circuit of its said fault detector connected to its said input for energization by said input quantity supplied to its said input and having said output circuit of its said fault detector connected to a third of said input circuits of its said security network, each said fault detector being effective to supply a third of said first signals to said third input circuit of its associated said security network solely in response to the existence of a fault in the said conductor with which its said input circuit is associated, the remainder of said n+ 1 said breaker actuating networks including a quantity magnitude sensing network having an input circuit connected to its said input and energized by said alternating quantity at the said output terminals associated therewith and having an output circuit, said remainder breaker actuating network having said output circuit of its said quantity sensing network connected to another of said input circuits of the said security network, said sensing network being effective to provide another of said first signals solely when the magnitude of said alternating input quantity supplied thereto is above a predetermined minimum, said current transformers associated with said output terminals with which said n breaker actuating networks are associated being individually responsive to the current in said n phase conductors and being connected to energize their associated said output terminals with a quantity proportional to the current in the respective said phase conductor with which it is associated, the remainder current transformer of said n+ 1 transformer being connected to respond to the remainder current not carried by said n phase conductors.

Claim 15

Protective relay apparatus for a polyphase electrical transmission circuit having n phase conductors comprising n+1 current transformers having n+1 pairs of output terminals individually shunted by n+1 loading resistor means, n+1 breaker actuating networks, each of said actuating networks having an input and an output circuit, said inputs of said networks being individually connected to said pairs of output terminals, a breaker tripping network having input means connected to said output circuits of each of said breaker actuating networks, each of said breaker actuating networks including a security network and a pluse comparing network and a pulse producing network and an intelligence handling device, n of said actuating networks having a fault detector, each of said security networks having a plurality of input circuits and an output circuit and effective to provide a trip signal at its said output circuit solely when all of its said input circuits are provided with first signals, each of said pulse comparing networks having first and second input circuits and an output circuit and effective to provide a said first signal at its said output circuit solely when the pulses supplied to its said input circuits have a predetermined time relationship, each said breaker actuating network having circuit means connecting said output circuit of its said comparing network with one of said input circuits of its said security network to supply a said first signal thereto, each said pulse producing network having an input circuit and an output circuit each said breaker actuating network having said input circuit of its said pulse producing network electrically connected to its said pair of terminals and having said ouTput circuit of its said pulse producing network connected to said first input circuit of its said comparing network, each said pulse producing network being effective to energize its said output circuit with a first pulsing output quantity having its pulses occurring in a predetermined time relationship with respect to the alternations of said input quantity which is supplied thereto by its associated said pair of output terminals, each said intelligence handling device having a receiving portion which includes an output circuit effective to provide a guard and a pulsing output signal in response to the reception of first and second remote signals received by said intelligence handling device, each said breaker actuating network having said output circuit of its said receiving portion connected to said second input circuit of its said comparing network to supply thereto the pulses of its said pulsing output signal and connected to a second of said input circuits of its said security network to supply thereto a second of said first signals solely in the absence of said guard signal, each said n breaker actuating networks having said input circuit of its said fault detector connected to its said input for energization by said input quantity supplied to its said input and having said output circuit of its said fault detector connected to a third of said input circuits of its said security network, each said fault detector being effective to supply a third of said first signals to said third input circuit of its associated said security network solely in response to the existence of a fault in the said conductor with which its said input circuit is associated, the remainder of said n+ 1 said breaker actuating networks including a quantity magnitude sensing network having an input circuit connected to its said input and energized by said alternating quantity at the said output terminals associated therewith and having an output circuit, said remainder breaker actuating network having said output circuit of its said quantity sensing network connected to another of said input circuits of the said security network, said sensing network being effective to provide another of said first signals solely when the magnitude of said alternating input quantity supplied thereto is above a predetermined minimum, said current transformers associated with said output terminals with which said n breaker actuating networks are associated being individually responsive to the current in said n phase conductors and being connected to energize their associated said output terminals with a quantity proportional to the current in the respective said phase conductor with which it is associated, the remainder current transformer of said n+ 1 transformer being connected to respond to the remainder current not carried by said n phase conductors.

Claim 16

A protective relay system for a power transmission line having first and second phase conductors interconnected by a breaker, said systems comprising an apparatus having a breaker tripping output circuit adapted when energized to trip said breaker and having first and second inputs adapted to be operatively connected to spaced locations alond said conductors and effective to supply current derived signals to said apparatus, said current signals being derived from the current at said spaced locations, said apparatus having a fault detector connected to one of said inputs and effective to provide a first operating output signal in response to a fault condition of the current signal by said one input, said apparatus having a first comparing network, said first comparing network having a pair of inputs individually connected to said first and second inputs of said apparatus and effective to provide a second operating output signal at certain phase relationships of the current sensed by said inputs of said apparatus, said apparatus having a security network, said security network having a plurality of inputs, means individually conNecting a pair of said inputs of said security network to said first comparing network and to said fault detector and effective upon the concurrent existence of said first and second operating output signals to supply a third operating output signal, said apparatus having circuit means interconnecting said output of said security network with said breaker tripping output; a current magnitude detector connected to one of said inputs of said apparatus for energization in accordance with the current at the said locations with which said one input of said apparatus is associated, said current magnitude detector having an output connected to a third of said inputs of said security network, said current detector being ineffective to transmit an operating signal to said third input when the magnitude of the current sensed thereby is below a predetermined magnitude.

Claim 17

A protective relay system for a power transmission line having first and second phase conductors interconnected by a breaker, said systems comprising an apparatus having a breaker tripping output circuit adapted when energized to trip said breaker and having first and second inputs adapted to be operatively connected to spaced locations alond said conductors and effective to supply current derived signals to said apparatus, said current signals being derived from the current at said spaced locations, said apparatus having a fault detector connected to one of said inputs and effective to provide a first operating output signal in response to a fault condition of the current signal by said one input, said apparatus having a first comparing network, said first comparing network having a pair of inputs individually connected to said first and second inputs of said apparatus and effective to provide a second operating output signal at certain phase relationships of the current sensed by said inputs of said apparatus, said apparatus having a security network, said security network having a plurality of inputs, means individually conNecting a pair of said inputs of said security network to said first comparing network and to said fault detector and effective upon the concurrent existence of said first and second operating output signals to supply a third operating output signal, said apparatus having circuit means interconnecting said output of said security network with said breaker tripping output; a current magnitude detector connected to one of said inputs of said apparatus for energization in accordance with the current at the said locations with which said one input of said apparatus is associated, said current magnitude detector having an output connected to a third of said inputs of said security network, said current detector being ineffective to transmit an operating signal to said third input when the magnitude of the current sensed thereby is below a predetermined magnitude.

Claim 18

The system of claim 13 which comprises a pair of said apparatus, a first of said apparatuses being associated with a first of said locations and having its said fault detector and its said current magnitude detector energize as a junction of the current at said first location, a second of said apparatuses being associated with a second of said spaced locations and having its said fault detector and its said current magnitude detector energized as a junction of the current of said second location each of said apparatuses having a transmitter actuated by its said fault detector and having a receiver responsive to said transmitter of the other said apparatus, each said transmitter being connected to its said associated said fault detector and normally maintained thereby in condition to transmit a guard signal to said receiver of the other of said apparatuses, each of said detectors being effective upon the occurrence of a fault to actuate its associated said transmitter to transmit a current deviced signal and to terminate the transmission of its said guard signal; each said apparatus having its said receiver connected to a fourth input of the said security network, each said receiver being effective to provide an operative signal to its associated said fourth input solely in the absence of the associated said guard signal.

Claim 19

The system of claim 13 for protecting a polyphase transmission line having n first and n second phase conductors interconnected by n breakers, n being the number of phases of said line, said system comprising n of said apparatuses, n of said n apparatuses being individually associated with said n first phase conductors; a breaker tripping network having n outputs adapted to be individually connected to said n breakers and having n inputs, said n inputs being individually connected to said breaker tripping outputs of said n apparatuses, said breaker tripping network including n OR networks, each of said OR networks having first and second inputs and an output, said outputs of said n OR networks being individually connected to said n outputs of said breaker tripping network, said first input of each of said n OR networks being connected individually to said breaker tripping outputs of said n apparatuses, an ANY-x-OR network having n inputs individually connected to said breaker tripping outputs of said n apparatuses, x being a number greater than 1, said ANY-x-OR network having an output connected to said second input of each of said n OR networks.

Claim 20

The system of claim 15 in which n equals 3 and x equals 2.

Claim 21

The system of claim 15 including a ground fault detector coupled to said line at said location to which said one input of said n apparatuses are coupled, said breaker tripping network having a second OR network, said second OR network having a plurality of inputs and an output, said output of said ANY-x-OR network being connected to a first of said inputs of said second OR network, said output of said second OR neTwork being connected to said second inputs of said n OR networks, and circuit means connecting said ground fault detector to a second input of said second OR network and operable to supply and operate signal thereto at the occurrence of a ground fault.

Claim 22

The system of claim 17 in which said circuit means including a timer effective to delay for a desired time interval of the supplying of said operate signal to said second input of said second OR network from said ground fault detector.

Claim 23

The system of claim 18 in which said desired time interval is not less than 0.2 seconds.

Claim 24

The system of claim 17 in which said breaker tripping network includes third and fourth OR network having a plurality of inputs and an output, circuit means individually connecting said outputs of said n apparatuses to n of said inputs of said third OR network, each of said n apparatus including a fault detector output connections, circuit means individually connecting said fault detector output connections of said n apparatuses to n of said inputs of said fourth OR network, and AND network having first and second inputs and an output, said outputs of said third and fourth OR network being connected individually to said first and second inputs of said AND network, said output of said AND network being connected to a third of said inputs of said second OR network, said AND network being effected to supply an operating signal to said third input of said second OR network when said third OR network received an operating signal from one of said apparatuses and said fourth OR network receives no signal from any of said apparatuses.

Claim 25

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each said apparatus having a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector having a fault actuated output, each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated, each said comparing means having an output energized at selected phase angles of the current at said locations; a breaker tripping network, said breaker tripping network having an OR network with n inputs and an output, said breaker tripping network further including n AND networks having first and second inputs and an output, first circuit means individually connecting said fault energized outputs to said inputs of said OR network, second circuit means individually connecting said outputs of said phase comparing means to said first input terminals of said n AND networks, and fourth circuit means connecting said output of said OR network to said second input of said n AND networks.

Claim 26

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each said apparatus having a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector having a fault actuated output, each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated, each said comparing means having an output energized at selected phase angles of the current at said locations; a breaker tripping network, said breaker tripping network having an OR network with n inputs and an output, said breaker tripping network further including n AND networks having first and second inputs and an output, first circuit means individually connecting said fault energized outputs to said inputs of said OR network, second circuit means individually connecting said outputs of said phase comparing means to said first input terminals of said n AND networks, and fourth circuit means connecting said output of said OR network to said second input of said n AND networks.

Claim 27

The system of claim 21 including a breaker actuating network interconnecting said n breakers with said n AND networks, said actuating network being effective when actuated by a said one of said AND networks associated with one of said apparatuses to trip at least the said one of said breakers associated with said one of said first phase conductors with which said one apparatus is associated.

Claim 28

The system of claim 22 in which said actuating network is effective when actuated by one of said AND networks to trip said n breakers.

Claim 29

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each of said apparatus hAving a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector having a fault actuated output; each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said comparing means having an output energized at selected relative phase angles of the current at said locations, a breaker tripping network having a first OR network having at least two inputs and an output, first circuit means connecting a first of said inputs of said OR network to said fault actuated output of one of said apparatuses, second circuit means connecting a second of said inputs of said OR network to said output of said comparing means of said one apparatus, and a breaker actuating network connecting said output of said OR network to at least the one of said breakers which is associated with the same said one phase conductor with which said one apparatus is associated.

Claim 30

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each of said apparatus hAving a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector having a fault actuated output; each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said comparing means having an output energized at selected relative phase angles of the current at said locations, a breaker tripping network having a first OR network having at least two inputs and an output, first circuit means connecting a first of said inputs of said OR network to said fault actuated output of one of said apparatuses, second circuit means connecting a second of said inputs of said OR network to said output of said comparing means of said one apparatus, and a breaker actuating network connecting said output of said OR network to at least the one of said breakers which is associated with the same said one phase conductor with which said one apparatus is associated.

Claim 31

The system of claim 24 in which said first OR network is an ANY-x-OR network where x is a number not less than 2 and not more than n-1, said ANY-x-OR network having 2n inputs, said first circuit means individually connecting said fault actuated output of said n apparatuses to n of said 2n inputs, said second circuit means individually connecting said outputs of said phase comparing means of said n apparatuses to 2n-n of said 2n inputs.

Claim 32

The system of claim 25 in which said breaker actuating network includes n AND networks, each of said AND networks having first and second inputs and an output, third circuit means individually connecting a first of said inputs of said n AND networks to said output of said phase comparing means of said n apparatuses, fourth circuit means connecting said output of said ANY-x-OR network to said second inputs of said n AND networks, and fifth circuit means individually connecting said output of said n AND networks to said n breakers.

Claim 33

The system of claim 26 in which said breaker actuating network includes a second ANY-y-OR network where y is a whole number greater than 1 and less than n, said second ANY-y-OR network having n inputs and an output, and sixth circuit means connecting said output of said second ANY-y-OR network to each of said breakers.

Claim 34

The system of claim 27 in which said breaker actuating network includes an additional OR network having n inputs and an output and further includes an additional AND network having first and second inputs and an output, circuit means individually connecting said output of said phase comparing means of said n apparatuses to said n input of said additional OR network, circuit means connecting said output of said additional OR network to said first input of said additional AND network and connecting said output of said first ANY-x-OR network to said second input of said additional AND network, and circuit means connecting said outputs of said additional AND network to each of said breakers, said additional AND network being effective in the absence of actuating signals to said additional OR network and in the presence of an actuating signal from said first ANY-x-OR network to trip all of said breakers.

Claim 35

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each said apparatus having a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector haviNg a fault actuated output; each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said comparing means having an output energized at selected relative phase angles of the current at said locations, a breaker tripping network having a first ANY-x-OR network having at least n + 1 inputs and an output, a second OR network having n + 1 inputs and an output, first circuit means individually connecting n of said inputs of said second OR network to said fault actuated outputs of said n apparatuses, second circuit means individually connecting n of said inputs of said first ANY-x-OR networks to said outputs of said comparing means of said apparatuses, n circuit means connecting said output of said first OR network to the remaining of said n + 1 input terminals of said first ANY-x-OR network, and a breaker actuating network connecting said output of said first ANY-x-OR network to said breakers for actuation thereby, x being a whole number greater than 1 and less than n, a residual fault detector associated with said polyphase line, and circuit means connecting said residual fault detector to the remaining one of said n + 1 input terminals of said second OR network.

Claim 36

A protective relay system for a polyphase power transmission line having n number of first phase conductors individually connected to n number of second phase conductors through n number of breakers, said system comprising; n number of apparatuses individually associated with said n first phase conductors; each said apparatus having a fault detector for detecting a fault condition in the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said fault detector haviNg a fault actuated output; each said apparatus having a phase comparing means comparing the phase of the current at local and remote spaced locations along the said phase conductor with which it is associated; each said comparing means having an output energized at selected relative phase angles of the current at said locations, a breaker tripping network having a first ANY-x-OR network having at least n + 1 inputs and an output, a second OR network having n + 1 inputs and an output, first circuit means individually connecting n of said inputs of said second OR network to said fault actuated outputs of said n apparatuses, second circuit means individually connecting n of said inputs of said first ANY-x-OR networks to said outputs of said comparing means of said apparatuses, n circuit means connecting said output of said first OR network to the remaining of said n + 1 input terminals of said first ANY-x-OR network, and a breaker actuating network connecting said output of said first ANY-x-OR network to said breakers for actuation thereby, x being a whole number greater than 1 and less than n, a residual fault detector associated with said polyphase line, and circuit means connecting said residual fault detector to the remaining one of said n + 1 input terminals of said second OR network.