US3890278A
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Anionic polymerization
Assignee: Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Filing: 1973-09-26
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Granted: 1975-06-17
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Expires: 1993-09-26
Abstract
Abstract A novel process for polymerization or copolymerization of monomers is described, according to which the reaction is carried out in the presence of an anionic initiator and a macroheterocyclic complexing agent of formula IN WHICH: EACH R1 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxycarbonyl group, or the two R1 together can form a group of the general formula: THAT IS TO SAY FORMING A THIRD BRIDGE BETWEEN THE TWO NITROGEN ATOMS IN THE MOLECULE, A is a hydrocarbon group, D is an oxygen or sulphur atom or a hydrocarbon group, with the proviso that at least two of the groups D are oxygen or sulphur atoms and that, if each R1 is hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group or an alkoxycarbonyl group, one of these two groups D is oxygen or sulphur and the other is oxygen, N AND P ARE INTEGERS RANGING FROM 1 TO 3, AND M IS 2 OR 3.
Inventors
- 👤 Jean-Marie Lehn
- 👤 Francois Schue
- 👤 Sylvie Boileau
- 👤 Bernd Kaempf
- 👤 Alain Andre Cau
- 👤 Jean Robert Moinard
- 👤 Serge Fernand Raynal
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 23:20
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G77/00; C08G77/04; C08G77/06; C08G77/08; C08F; C08F36/00; C08F36/02; C08F36/04; C08F4/00; C08G61/00; C08G61/02; C08G61/10; C08G65/00; C08G65/02; C08G65/26; C08G65/2603; C08G65/2642; C08G65/2645; C08G65/2651
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
54 words
A PROCESS FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF OF AT LEAST ONE MONOMER CONTAINING ETHYLENIC UNSATURATION WHICH COMPRISES POLYMERIZING OR COPOLYMERIZING AT LEAST ONE MONOMER CONTAINING ETHYLENIC UNSATURATION IN A NON-POLAR OR SLIGHTLY POLAR ORGANIC SOLVENT MEDIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ANIONIC INITATOR AND OF A MACRO-HETEROCYCLIC COMPLEXING AGENT OF THE FORMULA I
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
54 words
A PROCESS FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF OF AT LEAST ONE MONOMER CONTAINING ETHYLENIC UNSATURATION WHICH COMPRISES POLYMERIZING OR COPOLYMERIZING AT LEAST ONE MONOMER CONTAINING ETHYLENIC UNSATURATION IN A NON-POLAR OR SLIGHTLY POLAR ORGANIC SOLVENT MEDIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ANIONIC INITATOR AND OF A MACRO-HETEROCYCLIC COMPLEXING AGENT OF THE FORMULA I
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according of claim 1 wherein the macro-heterocyclic complexing agent has the formula:
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein A is -CH2-CHR-, -CH2-CHR-CH2-, -CHR-CH2-CH2-, or
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the macro-heterocyclic complexing agent has the formula:
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the macro-heterocyclic complexing agent has the formula
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 5 wherein the macro-heterocyclic complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,18-tetraoxa-bicyclo(5,5,8)eicosane, 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21-pentaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,5)tricosane, 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,8)hexacosane, or 1,13-diaza-4,7,10,16,19,24,27-heptaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,11) nonacosane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-13,16,21,24-tetraoxa-bicyclo8,8,8)hexacosane.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,26-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,0)heptacosane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-5,5-benzobicyclo(8,8, 8)hexacosane.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16-tetraoxa-21,24-dithia-bicyclo(8,8, 8)hexacosane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 4, wherein the complexing agent is 1,7,16,22-tetraaza-4,10,13,19,25,28,33,36,41,44-decaoxa -tricyclo(20.81,22.81,22.87,16)hexatetra-contane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
49 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the anionic initiator is: a metal of group I or II, a hydroxide of a metal of group I an alcoholate of a metal of group I or II aN amide of a metal of group I or II of the type
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process according to claim 12, wherein the anionic initiator is metallic lithium sodium, potassium caesium, potassium hydroxide, an alkali metal t-butylate, t-amylate or n-amylate, potassium thiocyanate, potassium bromide and potassium acetate, n-butyl-lithium, t-butyl-lithium, carbazyl-potassium and carbazyl-sodium, naphthalene-sodium, naphthalene-lithium and naphthalene-potassium, or Alpha -methylstyrene-sodium or Alpha -methylstyrene-potassium, 1,1-diphenylethylene-sodium or potassium, poly(propylene sulphide) sodium and polystyrene-lithium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the non-polar or slightly polar organic solvent is an organic solvent having a dielectric constant not exceeding 10 under normal temperature and pressure conditions.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 14, wherein the organic solvent is a linear or cyclic saturated hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, or a linear or cyclic ether.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 15, wherein the organic solvent is hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, dioxane, diethylether, dimethoxyethane, dimethoxymethane, tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the complexing agent is present in at least equimolecular amount, relative to the anionic initiator.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the initiator is in a solution which is prepared by reacting the anionic initiator with the complexing agent in a non-polar or slightly polar solvent medium, and then the monomer to be polymerised is added thereto.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
56 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein the initiator solution is prepared by adding the complexing agent to a metal of group I, in the form of a film or in finely divided form, in a non-polar or slightly polar organic solvent, so as to form a solution of the metal, at ambient temperature or below.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process according to claim 18, wherein the solution of initiator is prepared by adding the complexing agent to an alkali metal in a non-polar or slightly polar organic solvent medium so as to form a solution of the said metal, and then adding thereto an aromatic hydrocarbon, to form an aromatic hydrocarbon-alkali metal complex.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 20, wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon is biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene or anthracene.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process according to claim 19, wherein the metal is sodium, potassium or caesium, the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21-pentaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,5)tricosane or 1,10-diaza-4,7, 13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,8) hexacosane and the organic solvent is benzene or toluene.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 20, wherein the metal is sodium, potassium or lithium, the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,8)hexacosane, the aromatic hydrocarbon is naphthalene and the organic solvent is benzene or toluene.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 18, wherein the initiator is potassium hydroxide, the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13, 16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,8)hexacosane and the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran or benzene.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 18 wherein the initiator is potassium thiocyante, the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13, 16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8,8,8)hexacosane and the solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 18, wherein the initiator is potassium acetate, te complexing agent is 1,10,-diaza-4,7,13,16, 21,24-hexaoxa-5,6-benzo-bicyclo(8,8,8) hexacosane and the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 18, wherein the anionic initiator is Alpha -methylstyrene tetramer-potassium, the complexing agent is 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-bicyclo(8, 8,8) hexacosane and the organic solvent is tetra-hydrofuran or benzene.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-06-16 | 1978-12-16 | 1979-06-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-06-16 | 1982-12-16 | 1983-06-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-06-16 | 1986-12-16 | 1987-06-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |