Steam-activated olefin disproportionation catalysts

Claim 2

IN THE PROCESS OF CONVERTING AT LEAST ONE REACTANT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CYCLIC AND ACRYLIC MONO AND POLYENE OLEFIN HYDROCARBONS OF AT LEAST 3 CARBON ATOMS AND MIXTURES OF AT LEAST ONE SUCH OLEFIN HYDROCARBON AND ETHYLENE ACCORDING TO THE OLEFIN REACTION BY CONTACTING WITH A CATALYST COMPOSITION COMPRISING MOLYBDENUM OXIDE OR RHENIUM OXIDE ON A SILICA, ALUMINA, OR SILICA- OR ALUMINA-CONTAINING SUPPORT, OPTIONALLY WITH A COBALT COMPONENT WHEN SAID CATALYST COMPOSITION IS SAID MOLYBDENUM OXIDE ON A SUPPORT, UNDER CONDITIONS SUITABLE FOR OBTAINING A PRODUCT OF THE OLEFIN REACTION WHICH, AS DEFINED HEREIN, CAN BE VISUALIZED AS THE REACTION BETWEEN TWO FIRST PAIRS OF CARBON ATOMS, CARBON ATOMS OF EACH FIRST PAIR BEING CONNECTED BY AN OLEFINIC DOUBLE BOND, TO FORM TWO NEW PAIRS FROM THE CARBON ATOMS OF SAID FIRST PAIRS, TWO CARBON ATOMS OF SAID NEW PAIRS BEING CONNECTED BY AN OLEFINIC DOUBLE BOND, WITHIN A CONVERSION TEMPERATURE RANGE OF ABOUT -60*F. TO 1100*F. AND A PRESSURE IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0 TO 2000 PSIG, THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH COMPRISES THE EMPLOYMENT OF A THERMALLY ACTIVATED CATALYST COMPOSITION PREPARED BY THE PROCESS OF TREATING SAID CATALYST COMPOSITION UNDER THERMAL ACTIVATION CONDITIONS WITH WATER OR WATER VAPOR AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES OF AT LEAST ABOUT 700*F AND THEREAFTER CALCINING SAID THERRMALLY TREATED CATALYST COMPOSITION.

Claim 3

The process of claim 1 wherein the olefin is an acyclic mono or polyene having from 3 to 30 carbon atoms per molecule, acyclic mono or polyene having 4 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule, mixtures of said olefins, or mixture of ethylene and at least one of said olefins.

Claim 4

an acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms, and a different acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms,

Claim 5

an acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms, and a different acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms,

Claim 6

an acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms, and a different acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms,

Claim 7

an acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms, and a different acyclic mono or polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms,

Claim 8

ethylene and internal acyclic mono or polyene having at least 4 carbon atoms,

Claim 9

ethylene and internal acyclic mono or polyene having at least 4 carbon atoms,

Claim 10

ethylene and internal acyclic mono or polyene having at least 4 carbon atoms,

Claim 11

ethylene and internal acyclic mono or polyene having at least 4 carbon atoms,

Claim 12

The process according to claim 1 wherein said olefin is a cyclic olefin.

Claim 13

The process according to claim 3 wherein said cyclic olefin is 4-vinylcyclohexene and said catalyst comprises cobalt molybdate on alumina or molybdenum oxide on alumina.

Claim 14

ethylene and acyclic mono or polyene having 3 or more carbon atoms, and a cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 15

ethylene and acyclic mono or polyene having 3 or more carbon atoms, and a cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 16

ethylene and acyclic mono or polyene having 3 or more carbon atoms, and a cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 17

ethylene and acyclic mono or polyene having 3 or more carbon atoms, and a cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 18

at least one cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 19

at least one cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 20

at least one cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 21

at least one cyclic mono or cyclic polyene,

Claim 22

In a process according to the olefin reaction, the steps comprising: a. admixing at least one molybdenum or rhenium compound as the oxide thereof or compound convertible to the oxide on calcination in a molecular oxygen-containing atmosphere with a support, wherein said support is silica, alumina or silica- or alumina-containing support, and wherein when said molybdenum compound is employed, optionally further employing a cObalt compound which is the oxide or compound convertible thereto on calcination, b. thermally activating the catalyst composition from said step (a) in contact with water or water vapor at a temperature in the range of about 700* to 1300* F. for a time sufficient to substantially improve the activity of said catalyst composition in the olefin reaction, c. calcining said thermally activated catalyst composition from said step (b) in contact with a molecular oxygen-containing gas, d. contacting the calcined thermally activated catalyst composition with an olefin under olefin reaction conditions, wherein said olefin reaction as defined herein can be visualized as the reaction between two first pairs of carbon atoms, carbon atoms of each first pair being connected by an olefinic double bond, to form two new pairs from the carbon atoms of said first pairs, two carbon atoms of said new pairs being connected by an olefinic double bond, wherein said olefin is

Claim 23

In a process according to the olefin reaction, the steps comprising: a. admixing at least one molybdenum or rhenium compound as the oxide thereof or compound convertible to the oxide on calcination in a molecular oxygen-containing atmosphere with a support, wherein said support is silica, alumina or silica- or alumina-containing support, and wherein when said molybdenum compound is employed, optionally further employing a cObalt compound which is the oxide or compound convertible thereto on calcination, b. thermally activating the catalyst composition from said step (a) in contact with water or water vapor at a temperature in the range of about 700* to 1300* F. for a time sufficient to substantially improve the activity of said catalyst composition in the olefin reaction, c. calcining said thermally activated catalyst composition from said step (b) in contact with a molecular oxygen-containing gas, d. contacting the calcined thermally activated catalyst composition with an olefin under olefin reaction conditions, wherein said olefin reaction as defined herein can be visualized as the reaction between two first pairs of carbon atoms, carbon atoms of each first pair being connected by an olefinic double bond, to form two new pairs from the carbon atoms of said first pairs, two carbon atoms of said new pairs being connected by an olefinic double bond, wherein said olefin is

Claim 24

an acyclic polyene having at least 7 carbon atoms and having at least 5 carbon atoms between any two double bonds, or

Claim 25

an acyclic polyene having at least 7 carbon atoms and having at least 5 carbon atoms between any two double bonds, or

Claim 26

an acyclic polyene having at least 7 carbon atoms and having at least 5 carbon atoms between any two double bonds, or

Claim 27

an acyclic polyene having at least 7 carbon atoms and having at least 5 carbon atoms between any two double bonds, or

Claim 28

The process according to claim 5 wherein after said contacting of said olefin for a time sufficient to reduce the activity of said calcined thermally activated catalyst composition, the further step of regenerating said catalyst composition by reheating in the presence of molecular oxygen-containing gas at calcination temperatures.

Claim 29

The process according to claim 5 wherein said supported molybdenum oxide or rhenium oxide catalyst composition contains about 0.5 to 30 weight percent of said molybdenum oxide or rhenium oxide based on the total catalyst composition, said molybdenum or rhenium calculated as the most stable oxide thereof.

Claim 30

at least one acyclic polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms between any two double bonds.

Claim 31

at least one acyclic polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms between any two double bonds.

Claim 32

at least one acyclic polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms between any two double bonds.

Claim 33

at least one acyclic polyene having at least 3 carbon atoms between any two double bonds.

Claim 34

The process according to claim 7 wherein said catalyst composition is said supported molybdenum catalyst and further contains said cobalt component in the range of up to 20 weight percent expressed as cobalt oxide.

Claim 35

The process according to claim 7 wherein said olefin is a cyclic olefin, and said catalyst composition comprises molybdenum oxide on a support.

Claim 36

The process according to claim 9 wherein said cyclic olefin is 4-vinylcyclohexene, and said catalyst comprises base-treated molybdenum on alumina or cobalt molybdate on alumina.

Claim 37

In a process according to the olefin reaction, the steps comprising: a. admixing a rhenium compound which is the oxide or compound convertible to the oxide on calcination in a molecular oxygen-containing atmosphere with a support, wherein said support is silica, alumina or silica- or alumina-containing support, b. thermally activating the catalyst composition from said step (a) in contact with water or water vapor at a temperature in the range of about 700* to 1300* F. for a time sufficient to substantially improve the activity of said catalyst composition in the olefin reaction, c. calcining said thermally activated catalyst composition from said step (b) in contact with a molecular oxygen-containing gas, d. contacting the calcined thermally activated catalyst composition with an olefin under olefin reaction conditions, wherein said olefin reaction as defined herein can be visualized as the reaction between two first pairs of carbon atoms, carbon atoms of each firSt pair being connected by an olefinic double bond, to form two new pairs from the carbon atoms of said first pairs, two carbon atoms of said new pairs being connected by an olefinic double bond, wherein said olefin is

Claim 38

In a process according to the olefin reaction, the steps comprising: a. admixing a rhenium compound which is the oxide or compound convertible to the oxide on calcination in a molecular oxygen-containing atmosphere with a support, wherein said support is silica, alumina or silica- or alumina-containing support, b. thermally activating the catalyst composition from said step (a) in contact with water or water vapor at a temperature in the range of about 700* to 1300* F. for a time sufficient to substantially improve the activity of said catalyst composition in the olefin reaction, c. calcining said thermally activated catalyst composition from said step (b) in contact with a molecular oxygen-containing gas, d. contacting the calcined thermally activated catalyst composition with an olefin under olefin reaction conditions, wherein said olefin reaction as defined herein can be visualized as the reaction between two first pairs of carbon atoms, carbon atoms of each firSt pair being connected by an olefinic double bond, to form two new pairs from the carbon atoms of said first pairs, two carbon atoms of said new pairs being connected by an olefinic double bond, wherein said olefin is