US3887369A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Organic photoconductive element with interlayer and adhesion promoting additive
Assignee: Canon Inc
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Filing: 1973-11-05
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Granted: 1975-06-03
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Expires: 1993-11-05
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to photosensitive members for electrophotography and more particularly to photosensitive layers prepared from organic photoconductive materials. The present invention provides photosensitive members which have been improved with respect to resistance to electric breakdown, adhesive ability, flexibility, and the like thereof and which are of great practical value. In accordance with the present invention, between a substrate and an organic photoconductive layer is interposed a barrier layer which is comprised mainly of copolymers comprising alkyl vinyl ethers and maleic anhydride or of composites of alkyl vinyl ethers/alkyl half esters of maleic acid copolymers and polyvinyl pyrrolidone or copolymers thereof. The photoconductive layer per se has been improved by incorporating vinylidene chloride/acrylic ester copolymers into the organic photoconductive layer.
Inventors
- 👤 Hiroshi Matsuno
- 👤 Ichiro Endo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 07:51
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G5/00; G03G5/14; G03G5/142
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
170 words
AN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTOSENSITIVE MEMBER COMPRISING A SUPPORT; AND OVERLYING SAID SUPPORT AN INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER HAVING A THICKNESS OF LESS THAN 10 MICRONS FOR PREVENTING ELECTRIC DETERIORATION AND FATIGUE DUE TO REPEATED USE, SAID INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (1) A COPOLYMER OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE AND AN ALKYL VINYL ETHER WHEREIN THE ALKYL MOIETY THEREOF HAS FROM 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS OR (2) MIXTURES OF (A) COPOLYMERS OF ALKYL VINYL ETHERS WHEREIN THE ALKYL MOIETY THEREOF HAS FROM 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS AND ALKYL HALF ESTERS OF MALEIC ACID AND (B) HOMOPOLYMERS OF VINYL PYRROLIDONE HAVING AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 4,000 TO 360,000 OR COPOLYMERS OF VINYL PYRROLIDONE WITH VINYL MONOMERS COPOLYMERIZABLE THEREWITH HAVING AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 4,000 TO 360,000; AND OVERLYING SAID INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER A PHOTOCONDUCTIVE LAYER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF AN ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTOR AND FROM 1 TO 10% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTOR, OF A COPOLYMER OF VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE AND AN ACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
170 words
AN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PHOTOSENSITIVE MEMBER COMPRISING A SUPPORT; AND OVERLYING SAID SUPPORT AN INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER HAVING A THICKNESS OF LESS THAN 10 MICRONS FOR PREVENTING ELECTRIC DETERIORATION AND FATIGUE DUE TO REPEATED USE, SAID INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (1) A COPOLYMER OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE AND AN ALKYL VINYL ETHER WHEREIN THE ALKYL MOIETY THEREOF HAS FROM 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS OR (2) MIXTURES OF (A) COPOLYMERS OF ALKYL VINYL ETHERS WHEREIN THE ALKYL MOIETY THEREOF HAS FROM 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS AND ALKYL HALF ESTERS OF MALEIC ACID AND (B) HOMOPOLYMERS OF VINYL PYRROLIDONE HAVING AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 4,000 TO 360,000 OR COPOLYMERS OF VINYL PYRROLIDONE WITH VINYL MONOMERS COPOLYMERIZABLE THEREWITH HAVING AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF FROM 4,000 TO 360,000; AND OVERLYING SAID INTERMEDIATE BARRIER LAYER A PHOTOCONDUCTIVE LAYER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF AN ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTOR AND FROM 1 TO 10% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTOR, OF A COPOLYMER OF VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE AND AN ACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
170 words
An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support; and overlying said support an intermediate barrier layer having a thickness of less than 10 microns for preventing electric deterioration and fatigue due to repeated use, said intermediate barrier layer consisting essentially of (1) a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether wherein the alkyl moiety thereof has from 1 to 12 carbon atoms or (2) mixtures of (a) copolymers of alkyl vinyl ethers wherein the alkyl moiety thereof has from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and alkyl half esters of maleic acid and (b) homopolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone having an average molecular weight of from 4,000 to 360,000 or copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone with vinyl monoMers copolymerizable therewith having an average molecular weight of from 4,000 to 360,000; and overlying said intermediate barrier layer a photoconductive layer consisting essentially of an organic photoconductor and from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the organic photoconductor, of a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and an acrylic acid alkyl ester.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
170 words
An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a support; and overlying said support an intermediate barrier layer having a thickness of less than 10 microns for preventing electric deterioration and fatigue due to repeated use, said intermediate barrier layer consisting essentially of (1) a copolymer of maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether wherein the alkyl moiety thereof has from 1 to 12 carbon atoms or (2) mixtures of (a) copolymers of alkyl vinyl ethers wherein the alkyl moiety thereof has from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and alkyl half esters of maleic acid and (b) homopolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone having an average molecular weight of from 4,000 to 360,000 or copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone with vinyl monoMers copolymerizable therewith having an average molecular weight of from 4,000 to 360,000; and overlying said intermediate barrier layer a photoconductive layer consisting essentially of an organic photoconductor and from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the organic photoconductor, of a copolymer of vinylidene chloride and an acrylic acid alkyl ester.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein the alkyl moiety of said alkyl vinyl ether has from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein the alkyl moiety of said alkyl half esters of maleic acid has from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 3, wherein said alkyl moiety includes aryl-substitue alkyl groups.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 4, wherein said aryl-substituted alkyl group is benzyl.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of said vinyl pyrrolidone homopolymer or copolymer is from 40,000 to 360,000.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein said vinyl monomers are selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, methacrylate, acrylate, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, vinyl ethers, vinyl imidazole and ethylene.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 7, wherein the molar ratio of vinyl monomer to vinyl pyrrolidone is from seven-thirds to three-sevenths.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein said substrate is composed of a material having a volume resistivity of below 109ohm/cm.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein the thickness of said barrier layer is from 2 to 7 microns.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein the volume resistivity of the barrier layer is from 1010 to 1011 ohm/cm.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein said organic photoconductor is composed of 9-vinyl carbazole, derivatives thereof or a polymer thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein said photoconductive layer further includes a sensitizator for said organic photoconductor.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of claim 1, wherein said barrier layer consists essentially of an unsaponified copolymer of maleic anhydride and an alkyl vinyl ether wherein the alkyl moiety thereof has from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-06-02 | 1978-12-02 | 1979-06-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-12-02 | 1983-06-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-12-02 | 1987-06-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |