US3886735A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Ceramic combustion liner
Assignee: Motors Liquidation Co
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Filing: 1974-04-01
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Granted: 1975-06-03
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Expires: 1994-04-01
Abstract
Abstract A combustion liner for a gas turbine combustion apparatus has a wall of ceramic material. To minimize destructive thermal gradients in the ceramic material due to local cooling by air entering the liner through ports for combustion or dilution air, the walls of these ports are shielded from the entering air jets by means contracting the entrance to each port so that the vena contracta effect keeps the jet away from the wall.
Inventors
- 👤 John A Irwin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 00:16
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23R; F23R3/00; F23R3/007; F23R3/02; F23R3/04; F23R3/06; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S60/00; Y10S60/909
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
107 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wAll of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
107 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wAll of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
107 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wAll of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
107 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wAll of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
117 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising ports diverging in the direction of air flow.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
117 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material defining the exterior of the liner and defining ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising ports diverging in the direction of air flow.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 2 in which the wall of the liner defining the port diverges in the direction of air flow.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 2 in which an annular barrier overlying the port defines an air admission orifice smaller than the port.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
116 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
116 words
A combustion apparatus comprising a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports providing a barrier contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
153 words
A combustion apparatus comprising, in combination, a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising a barrier having an opening of smaller size than the entrance to the port disposed over each entrance and ring means encircling the liner interconnecting the barriers for a row of said ports.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
153 words
A combustion apparatus comprising, in combination, a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising a barrier having an opening of smaller size than the entrance to the port disposed over each entrance and ring means encircling the liner interconnecting the barriers for a row of said ports.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 6 including also means spaced from the ports connecting the ring means and wall to align the barriers with the ports.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
169 words
A combustion apparatus comprising, in combination, a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising a barrier having an opEning of smaller size than the entrance to the port disposed over each entrance and ring means encircling the liner interconnecting the barriers for a row of said ports, each barrier including a portion projecting into the port to center the barrier over the port.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
169 words
A combustion apparatus comprising, in combination, a combustion liner defining a space for combustion of fuel, the liner having a wall of ceramic material of approximately circular cross section defining the exterior of the liner and defining a circumferential row of ports for admission of air into the liner, the air being significantly cooler than the liner in normal operation of the combustion apparatus, and means for reducing thermal stresses in the wall due to local cooling of the wall by air streams entering through the ports by contracting the entrance to the ports so that the air streams remain substantially clear of the wall, thus minimizing transfer of heat from the wall to the streams, the said means comprising a barrier having an opEning of smaller size than the entrance to the port disposed over each entrance and ring means encircling the liner interconnecting the barriers for a row of said ports, each barrier including a portion projecting into the port to center the barrier over the port.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which the said portion of the barrier is provided by tabs extending into the port.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 8 in which the said portion of the barrier is provided by a conical surface of the barrier.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-06-02 | 1978-12-02 | 1979-06-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-06-02 | 1982-12-02 | 1983-06-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-06-02 | 1986-12-02 | 1987-06-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |