Detergent compositions and detergent adjuvant combinations thereof, and processes for forming the same

Claim 2

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION WHICH COMPRISES: A. FORMING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF WATER SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL SILICATE, B. ADDING TO SAID SOLUTION SUFFICIENT REACTANT SELELCTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND ALKALI METAL BICARBONATE TO FORM THEREWITH A SOLUTION OF ELECTROLYTE SELECTED FROM THE ALKALI METAL CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES AND A PRECIPITATE OF ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT THEREIN CONTAINING FROM 0.2 TO 40% BOUND ALKALI BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE SILICA OF THE PIGMENT, AND C. RECOVERING AND ESSENTIALLY DRYING TOGETHER THE COMBINATION OF SAID ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT AND AT LEAST 25% DRY BASIS, BY WEIGHT, OF THE ELECTROLYTE RESULTING FROM STEP B).

Claim 3

A process as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) is conducted to provide said solution with electrolyte consisting at least 2 mol percent of alkali metal bicaRbonate.

Claim 4

A process as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) is conducted to provide said solution with electrolyte consisting at least 10 mol percent of alkali metal bicarbonate.

Claim 5

A process as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) is conducted to provide said solution with electrolyte consisting at least 30 mol percent of alkali metal bicarbonate.

Claim 6

A process as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) is conducted to provide said solution with electrolyte consisting at least 50 mol percent of alkali metal bicarbonate.

Claim 7

A process as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) is conducted to provide said solution with electrolyte consisting at least 90 mol percent of alkali metal bicarbonate.

Claim 8

A process for preparing a detergent composition which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate containing water soluble material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) nonionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of said water soluble material and electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering the products of reaction (b) as a detergent composition incorporating said electrolyte and said alkaline silica pigment precipitate.

Claim 9

A process for preparing a detergent composition which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate containing water soluble material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) nonionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of said water soluble material and electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering the products of reaction (b) as a detergent composition incorporating said electrolyte and said alkaline silica pigment precipitate.

Claim 10

A process as claimed in claim 7, in which in step (a) less than the maximum ratio of said water soluble material to silica is employed, and in step (c) the detergent adjuvant combination is mixed with further material selected from the members of said class and combinations thereof, in an amount which combined with that included in step (a) lies in the aforesaid ratio range.

Claim 11

A process as claimed in claim 7, in which, in step (c) the further material comprises material selected from the sub-class consisting of the members of Groups (I), and (II) which is formed in the presence of the silica pigment by reaction of the corresponding free acid with alkalinity of the combination resulting from step (b).

Claim 12

A composition consisting essentially of a mixture of the following components (I) and (II): I. A detergent adjuvant combination consisting essentially of: a. an alkaline hydrated silica pigment combined with b. an electrolyte, c. said alkaline silica pigment having a surface area in the range of 25 to about 500 meters per gram and having been prepared in aqueous medium by the acidulation of an aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate, and having, prior to drying thereof, been combined with said electrolyte, d. said electrolyte having been selected from the class consisting of the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates, and being present in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 20 parts of electrolyte per part of silica pigment, as SiO2, by weight and e. said combination of said electrolyte and pigment in aqueous medium having been dried, and II. water soluble material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content of the adjuvant combination as SiO2.

Claim 13

A composition consisting essentially of a mixture of the following components (I) and (II): I. A detergent adjuvant combination consisting essentially of: a. an alkaline hydrated silica pigment combined with b. an electrolyte, c. said alkaline silica pigment having a surface area in the range of 25 to about 500 meters per gram and having been prepared in aqueous medium by the acidulation of an aqueous solution of alkali metal silicate, and having, prior to drying thereof, been combined with said electrolyte, d. said electrolyte having been selected from the class consisting of the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates, and being present in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 20 parts of electrolyte per part of silica pigment, as SiO2, by weight and e. said combination of said electrolyte and pigment in aqueous medium having been dried, and II. water soluble material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content of the adjuvant combination as SiO2.

Claim 14

A composition as claimed in claiM 10, said hydrated silica pigment and at least a part of said electrolyte having been prepared in the presence of the said water soluble material.

Claim 15

A composition as claimed in claim 10, in which the water soluble material comprises at least 5 parts per 100, dry basis by weight, of non-ionic detergent from Group (III).

Claim 16

A composition as claimed in claim 10, in which the composition further comprises at least 5 parts per 100, dry basis by weight, of non-ionic polymeric emulsifier material.

Claim 17

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates and a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together the combination of said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), said recovery including spray drying.

Claim 18

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates and a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together the combination of said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), said recovery including spray drying.

Claim 19

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates and a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together in combination said pigment and substantially all of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), as the detergent adjuvant combination.

Claim 20

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates and a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together in combination said pigment and substantially all of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), as the detergent adjuvant combination.

Claim 21

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering together said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), in combination, as a detergent adjuvant combination, said recovery including incorporating said adjuvant combination with detergent material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, thereby forming a detergent composition incorporating said detergent adjuvant combination.

Claim 22

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering together said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), in combination, as a detergent adjuvant combination, said recovery including incorporating said adjuvant combination with detergent material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, thereby forming a detergent composition incorporating said detergent adjuvant combination.

Claim 23

A process as claimed in claim 16, in which the detergent adjuvant combination, in step (c), without having been dried following step (b), is mixed with an aqueous dispersion of said detergent material.

Claim 24

A process as claimed in claim 17, in which the recovery of the product is effected by spray-drying of the mixed adjuvant combination and aqueous dispersion.

Claim 25

A process as claimed in claim 16, in which there is also incorporated in the detergent and adjuvant combination material selected from the class consisting of the anionic polymeric emulsifiers and the non-ionic polymeric emulsifiers.

Claim 26

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION WHICH COMPRISES: A. FORMING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF WATER SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL SILICATE, B. ADDING TO SAID SOLUTION OF WATER SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL THE CLASS CONSISTING OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND ALKALI METAL BICARBONATE TO FORM THEREWITH A SOLUTION OF ELECTROLYTE SELECTED FROM THE ALKALI METAL CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES WITH A PRECIPITATE OF ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT THEREIN CONTAINING FROM 0.2 TO 40% BOUND ALKALI BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE SILICA OF THE PIGMENT, AND C. RECOVERING AND ESSENTIALLY DRYING TOGETHER THE COMBINATION OF SAID ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT AND AT LEAST 25% DRY BASIS, BY WEIGHT, OF THE ELECTROLYTE RESULTING FROM STEP (B), IN COMBINATION, AS A DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION, SAID RECOVERY INCLUDING INCORPORATING SAID ADJUVANT COMBINATION WITH DETERGENT MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE MEMBERS OF THE FOLLOWING GROUPS: GROUP (I) SOAPS; GROUP (II) SYNTHETIC ANIONIC DETERGENTS; TWO OR MORE OF SAID MEMBERS; IN A RATIO IN THE RANGE OF 5:95 TO 95:5 PARTS DRY BASISM BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE SILICA CONTENT AS SIO2, THEREBY FORMING A DETERGENT COMPOSITION INCORPORATING SAID DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION, AND D. IN WHICH THE DETERGENT MATERIAL COMPRISES MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE SUB-CLASS CONSISTING OF THE MEMBERS OF GROUPS (I) AND (II) WHICH IS FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF THE SILICA PIGMENT BY REACTION OF THE CORRESPONDING FREE ACID WITH ALKALINITY OF THE COMBINATION RESULTING FROM STEP (B).

Claim 27

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING A DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION WHICH COMPRISES: A. FORMING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF WATER SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL SILICATE, B. ADDING TO SAID SOLUTION OF WATER SOLUBLE ALKALI METAL THE CLASS CONSISTING OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND ALKALI METAL BICARBONATE TO FORM THEREWITH A SOLUTION OF ELECTROLYTE SELECTED FROM THE ALKALI METAL CARBONATES AND BICARBONATES WITH A PRECIPITATE OF ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT THEREIN CONTAINING FROM 0.2 TO 40% BOUND ALKALI BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE SILICA OF THE PIGMENT, AND C. RECOVERING AND ESSENTIALLY DRYING TOGETHER THE COMBINATION OF SAID ALKALINE SILICA PIGMENT AND AT LEAST 25% DRY BASIS, BY WEIGHT, OF THE ELECTROLYTE RESULTING FROM STEP (B), IN COMBINATION, AS A DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION, SAID RECOVERY INCLUDING INCORPORATING SAID ADJUVANT COMBINATION WITH DETERGENT MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE MEMBERS OF THE FOLLOWING GROUPS: GROUP (I) SOAPS; GROUP (II) SYNTHETIC ANIONIC DETERGENTS; TWO OR MORE OF SAID MEMBERS; IN A RATIO IN THE RANGE OF 5:95 TO 95:5 PARTS DRY BASISM BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE SILICA CONTENT AS SIO2, THEREBY FORMING A DETERGENT COMPOSITION INCORPORATING SAID DETERGENT ADJUVANT COMBINATION, AND D. IN WHICH THE DETERGENT MATERIAL COMPRISES MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE SUB-CLASS CONSISTING OF THE MEMBERS OF GROUPS (I) AND (II) WHICH IS FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF THE SILICA PIGMENT BY REACTION OF THE CORRESPONDING FREE ACID WITH ALKALINITY OF THE COMBINATION RESULTING FROM STEP (B).

Claim 28

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together the combination of said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), in combination, as a detergent adjuvant combination, said recovery including incorporating said adjuvant combination with detergent material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, thereby forming a detergent composition incorporating said detergent adjuvant combination, and d. in which the detergent material comprises a soap formed in the presence of the silica pigment by saponification of fatty acid glyceride with the aid of alkalinity of the combination resulting from step (b).

Claim 29

A process for preparing a detergent adjuvant combination which comprises: a. forming an aqueous solution of water soluble alkali metal silicate, b. adding to said solution sufficient reactant selected from the class consisting of carbon dioxide and alkali metal bicarbonate to form therewith a solution of electrolyte selected from the alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates with a precipitate of alkaline silica pigment therein containing from 0.2 to 40% bound alkali by weight based on the silica of the pigment, and c. recovering and essentially drying together the combination of said alkaline silica pigment and at least 25% dry basis, by weight, of the electrolyte resulting from step (b), in combination, as a detergent adjuvant combination, said recovery including incorporating said adjuvant combination with detergent material selected from the class consisting essentially of the members of the following groups: Group (I) soaps; Group (II) synthetic anionic detergents; Group (III) non-ionic detergents; and combinations of two or more of said members; in a ratio in the range of 5:95 to 95:5 parts dry basis, by weight, based on the silica content as SiO2, thereby forming a detergent composition incorporating said detergent adjuvant combination, and d. in which the detergent material comprises a soap formed in the presence of the silica pigment by saponification of fatty acid glyceride with the aid of alkalinity of the combination resulting from step (b).