US3885225A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Broad line seismic profiling
Assignee: Seiscom Delta Inc
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Filing: 1973-07-19
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Granted: 1975-05-20
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Expires: 1993-07-19
Abstract
Abstract A new and improved seismic surveying and profiling method and apparatus to obtain information concerning the cross-dip components of reflecting subsurface interfaces.
Inventors
- 👤 Nigel A Anstey
- 👤 M Turhan Taner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 09:47
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01V; G01V1/00; G01V1/003; G01V1/006; G01V1/005
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of obtaining cross-dip information in seismic reflection profiling by the simultaneous radiation, from a plurality of points spaced at different distances from the line of profile, of swept frequency seismic signals from each of the spaced points differing in frequency from the seismic signals of the other spaced points so that the signals, after transmission and reception along different laterally spaced travel paths, may be identified as to their particular sources and travel paths on the basis of a frequency discrimination so that the signals can be processed to obtain cross dip information.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
95 words
A method of obtaining cross-dip information in seismic reflection profiling by the simultaneous radiation, from a plurality of points spaced at different distances from the line of profile, of swept frequency seismic signals from each of the spaced points differing in frequency from the seismic signals of the other spaced points so that the signals, after transmission and reception along different laterally spaced travel paths, may be identified as to their particular sources and travel paths on the basis of a frequency discrimination so that the signals can be processed to obtain cross dip information.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
173 words
In the techniques of obtaining three dimensional seismic control by broad-line profiling using vibratory sources, the method represented by the following steps: a. dividing the bandwidth to be radiated into a plurality of frequency bandwidth parts; b. establishing a spread of detectors along a prescribed line of profile; c. disposing a plurality of vibratory sources in a spaced-apart relationship generally transverse to the said line of profile; d. radiating from each such source along a distinct laterally spaced travel path a signal constrained to one of the frequency bandwidth parts, the radiations from a plurality of sources overlapping in time; e. deriving from the spread of detectors signals representing the composite ground vibration induced by the plurality of sources in combinations; f. separating the individual contributions of the plurality of sources to the composite vibration signal on the basis of a frequency discrimination to indicate the particular sources and their signal travel paths; and g. utilizing the separate vibration information to give a measure of the three-dimensional disposition of relfectors within the earth.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
173 words
In the techniques of obtaining three dimensional seismic control by broad-line profiling using vibratory sources, the method represented by the following steps: a. dividing the bandwidth to be radiated into a plurality of frequency bandwidth parts; b. establishing a spread of detectors along a prescribed line of profile; c. disposing a plurality of vibratory sources in a spaced-apart relationship generally transverse to the said line of profile; d. radiating from each such source along a distinct laterally spaced travel path a signal constrained to one of the frequency bandwidth parts, the radiations from a plurality of sources overlapping in time; e. deriving from the spread of detectors signals representing the composite ground vibration induced by the plurality of sources in combinations; f. separating the individual contributions of the plurality of sources to the composite vibration signal on the basis of a frequency discrimination to indicate the particular sources and their signal travel paths; and g. utilizing the separate vibration information to give a measure of the three-dimensional disposition of relfectors within the earth.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
87 words
The method according to claim 2, and including the following further steps: a. making a plurality of emissions from each source, each of which emissions represents one of the plurality of frequency bandwidth parts, so that the complete bandwidth to be radiated is radiated from each source but so than no two bandwidth parts are radiated simultaneously; and b. after said step of separating the individual contributions of the sources, summing the emissions ascribed to each source and thereby deriving signals of full bandwidth from each source.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 3, in which the plurality of source emissions are disposed over a distance representing a desired source-array dimension.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method according to claim 3, in which distortion problems are minimized by the selection of the simultaneously-radiated bandwidth parts in such manner that they do not include any harmonically-related frequencies.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method according to claim 2, which also includes the step of correlating the detected signals against the emitted signals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method according to claim 2, in which said step of separating the individual contributions of the plurality of the sources on the basis of a frequency discrimination is performed by correlating the detected signals against the emitted signals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 2, in which advantage is taken of the narrow bandwidth of each of said parts to resonate the vibratory source over that bandwidth.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
168 words
A method of seismic profiling with seismic signals in a defined frequency spectrum to obtain cross-dip information regarding subsurface structure, comprising the steps of: a. sending a first seismic signal having a frequency range within a first band in the defined frequency spectrum from a first source along a first travel path through the subsurface structure; b. sending a second seismic signal having a frequency range within a second band distinct from the first band in the defined frequency spectrum from a second source along a second travel path different from the first travel path through the subsurface structure; c. recording the response reflected by the subsurface structure during travel of the first and second seismic signals along the first and second travel paths therethrough; and d. processing the recorded response to separate the response of the subsurface structure to the first seismic signal and the second seismic signal from each other, so that cross-dip present in the subsurface structure is indicated by differences in the separated responses.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
168 words
A method of seismic profiling with seismic signals in a defined frequency spectrum to obtain cross-dip information regarding subsurface structure, comprising the steps of: a. sending a first seismic signal having a frequency range within a first band in the defined frequency spectrum from a first source along a first travel path through the subsurface structure; b. sending a second seismic signal having a frequency range within a second band distinct from the first band in the defined frequency spectrum from a second source along a second travel path different from the first travel path through the subsurface structure; c. recording the response reflected by the subsurface structure during travel of the first and second seismic signals along the first and second travel paths therethrough; and d. processing the recorded response to separate the response of the subsurface structure to the first seismic signal and the second seismic signal from each other, so that cross-dip present in the subsurface structure is indicated by differences in the separated responses.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 9, wherein said step of processing comprises the steps of: a. correlating the recorded response with the first seismic signal to determine the response of the subsurface structure thereto; and b. correlaTing the recorded response with the second seismic signal to determine the response of the subsurface structure thereto.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 9, wherein said step of processing includes the step of: summing the separated responses of the subsurface structure.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 9 further including the step of: sensing the response reflected by the subsurface structure with a spread of detectors laid along a line of seismic profile.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 12, wherein: said step of sending from a first source comprises sending a first seismic signal from a shot-point spaced apart transversely from the line of seismic profile.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 12, wherein: said step of sending from a second source comprises sending a second seismic signal from a shot-point spaced apart transversely from the line of seismic profile.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 9, wherein: said step of sending from a second source comprises sending the second seismic signal simultaneously with the first seismic signal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 9, further including the step of: sending a third seismic signal, having a frequency range within a third band distinct from the first band and second band within the defined frequency spectrum from a third source along a third travel path different from the first and second travel paths.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method of claim 16, wherein said step of recording comprises recording the response of the subsurface structure to the first, second and third seismic signals and further including the step of: sensing the response reflected by the subsurface structure with a spread of detectors laid along a line of seismic profile.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 17 wherein: said step of sending from a third source comprises sending a third seismic signal from a shot-point spaced apart transversely from the line of seismic profile.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
58 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second sources are each moved to new shotpoints subsequent to said steps of sending, and further including the steps of: a. sending the first seismic signal from the first source at its new shot-point; and b. sending the second seismic signal from the second source at its new shot-point.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
74 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the first and second sources are each moved to new shot-points subsequent to said steps of sending, and further including the steps of: a. sending a seismic signal of like frequency band to the second seismic signal from the first source at its new shot-point; and b. sending a seismic signal of like frequency band to the first seismic signal from the second source at its new shot-point.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
179 words
An apparatus for seismic profiling of subsurface geological structures with seismic signals in a defined frequency spectrum to obtain cross-dip information regarding subsurface structure, comprising: a. first source means for sending a first seismic signal having a frequency range within a first band in the defined frequency spectrum along a first travel path through the subsurface structure; b. second source means spaced from said first source means for sending a second seismic signal having a frequency range within a second band distinct from the first band in the defined frequency spectrum along a second travel path through the subsurface structure different from the first travel path; c. means for recording the response reflected by the subsurface structure during travel of the first and second seismic signals along the first and second travel paths therethrough; and d. means for processing the recorded response to separate the response of the subsurface structure to the first seismic signal and the second seismic signal from each other, so that cross-dip present in the subsurface structure is indicated by differences in the separated responses.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
179 words
An apparatus for seismic profiling of subsurface geological structures with seismic signals in a defined frequency spectrum to obtain cross-dip information regarding subsurface structure, comprising: a. first source means for sending a first seismic signal having a frequency range within a first band in the defined frequency spectrum along a first travel path through the subsurface structure; b. second source means spaced from said first source means for sending a second seismic signal having a frequency range within a second band distinct from the first band in the defined frequency spectrum along a second travel path through the subsurface structure different from the first travel path; c. means for recording the response reflected by the subsurface structure during travel of the first and second seismic signals along the first and second travel paths therethrough; and d. means for processing the recorded response to separate the response of the subsurface structure to the first seismic signal and the second seismic signal from each other, so that cross-dip present in the subsurface structure is indicated by differences in the separated responses.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
54 words
The apparatus of claim 21, wherein said means for processing comprises: a. means for correlating the recorded response with The first seismic signal to determine the response of the subsurface structure thereto; and b. means for correlating the recorded response with the second seismic signal to determine the response of the subsurface structure thereto.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 21, wherein said means for processing includes: means for summing the separated responses of the subsurface structure.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 22, further including: means for sensing the response reflected by the subsurface structure with a spread of detectors laid along a line of seismic profile.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 24, wherein: said first source means and said second source means are spaced apart transverse the seismic line of profile.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
54 words
The apparatus of claim 21, further including: third source means for sending a third seismic signal having a frequency range within a third band distinct from the first band and second band within the defined frequency spectrum along a third travel path through the sub-surface structure different from the first and second travel paths.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
53 words
The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said means for recording comprises means for recording the response of the subsurface structure to the first, second and third seismic signals and further including: means for sensing the response reflected by the subsurface structure with a spread of detectors laid along a line of seismic profile.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 27, wherein: said first source means, said second source means and said third source means are spaced apart transverse the seismic line of profile.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-11-18 | 1979-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-19 | 1982-11-18 | 1983-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-19 | 1986-11-18 | 1987-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |