US3884710A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Expansive cement
Assignee: Lafarge North America Inc
•
Filing: 1973-10-10
•
Granted: 1975-05-20
•
Expires: 1993-10-10
Abstract
Abstract A novel expansive cement composition is provided which is made of particulate argillaceous and calcareous materials and contains from about 1 to about 70 wt % of free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily tricalcium silicate and containing substantially no dicalcium silicate. The composition is preferably manufactured by subjecting a conventional Portland cement raw mix which has been ''''overlimed,'''' to hard burning conditions within a Portland cement kiln such that the silicate materials are reacted with lime to form tricalcium silicate but yet leave from about 1 to about 70% of free CaO in the clinker, and thereafter comminuting the clinker. The resulting dry material can be used directly as an expansive cement, or it can be mixed with other cements such as Portland cement to impart expansive qualities thereto.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph H Allen
- 👤 Waldemar A Klemm
- 👤 John P Luker
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 10:22
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B7/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
68 words
AN EXPENSIVE CEMENT COMPRISING A MIXTURE OF: A. FROM ABOUT 99 TO ABOUT 1% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDRATABLE CEMENT; AND B. FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 99% BY WEIGHT OF AN EXPENSIVE CEMENT COMPOSITION MADE FROM ARGILLACEOUS AND CALCAREOUS MATERIALS AND CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 30 WEIGHT % OF FREE CAO, WITH THE REMAINING PORTION BEING PRIMARILY TRICALCIUM SILICATE AND CONTAINING SUBSTANTIALLY NO DICALCIUM SILICATE.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
68 words
AN EXPENSIVE CEMENT COMPRISING A MIXTURE OF: A. FROM ABOUT 99 TO ABOUT 1% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDRATABLE CEMENT; AND B. FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 99% BY WEIGHT OF AN EXPENSIVE CEMENT COMPOSITION MADE FROM ARGILLACEOUS AND CALCAREOUS MATERIALS AND CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 30 WEIGHT % OF FREE CAO, WITH THE REMAINING PORTION BEING PRIMARILY TRICALCIUM SILICATE AND CONTAINING SUBSTANTIALLY NO DICALCIUM SILICATE.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The expansive cement of claim 1 wherein said hydratable cement is Portland cement.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The expansive cement of claim 2 wherein said expansive cement composition has a particle size of no greater than about 20 mesh (Tyler) and a fineness no greater than about 6,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The expansive cement of claim 3 containing from about 90 to about 60% by weight of said Portland cement and from about 10 to about 40% by weight of said expansive cement composition.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 1 wherein said hydratable cement is a pozzolanic cement.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The expansive cement of claim 4 wherein said expansive cement contains from about 10 to about 30 wt % of said free CaO.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The expansive cement of claim 6 wherein said expansive cement composition has a particle size which passes 80 mesh (Tyler) and a fineness of no greater than 4,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
67 words
An expansive cement composition made from argillaceous and calcareous materials and containing from about 10 to about 30 weight % free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily a complete stoichiometric reaction product between CaO and silica and thereby containing the maximum ratio of said CaO to said silica and containing substantially no calcium silicates having a lesser ratio of said CaO to silica than said maximum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
67 words
An expansive cement composition made from argillaceous and calcareous materials and containing from about 10 to about 30 weight % free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily a complete stoichiometric reaction product between CaO and silica and thereby containing the maximum ratio of said CaO to said silica and containing substantially no calcium silicates having a lesser ratio of said CaO to silica than said maximum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
89 words
An expansive cement composition made by burning mixtures of argillaceous and calcareous materials containing an excess of lime relative to silica to thereby convert substantially all of the silica into tricalcium silicate, said composition containing from about 10 to about 30 wt % of free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily tricalcium silicate and containing substantially no dicalcium silicate, and further having a liquid phase which forms during the burning thereof which is in the range of from about 15 to about 30 wt % of said composition.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
89 words
An expansive cement composition made by burning mixtures of argillaceous and calcareous materials containing an excess of lime relative to silica to thereby convert substantially all of the silica into tricalcium silicate, said composition containing from about 10 to about 30 wt % of free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily tricalcium silicate and containing substantially no dicalcium silicate, and further having a liquid phase which forms during the burning thereof which is in the range of from about 15 to about 30 wt % of said composition.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
78 words
An expansive cement composition made from argillaceous and calcerous materials and containing from about 1 to about 30 wt % of an alkaline earth oxide with the remaining portion being primarily the complete stoichiometric reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica and thereby containing the maximum ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to said silica and containing substantially no alkaline earth silicates having a lesser ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to silica than said maximum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
78 words
An expansive cement composition made from argillaceous and calcerous materials and containing from about 1 to about 30 wt % of an alkaline earth oxide with the remaining portion being primarily the complete stoichiometric reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica and thereby containing the maximum ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to said silica and containing substantially no alkaline earth silicates having a lesser ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to silica than said maximum.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 10 wherein said alkaline earth oxide is selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, barium oxide, strontium oxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 11 having a particular size no longer than about 20 mesh (Tyler) and a fineness no greater than about 6,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 9 containing from about 10 to about 30% by weight of said alkaline earth oxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
60 words
An expansive cement composition made by burning mixtures of argillaceous and calcareous materials containing an excess of lime relative to silica to thereby convert substantially all of the silica into tricalcium silicate, said composition containing from About 1 to about 30 wt % of free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily tricalcium silicate and containing substantially no dicalcium silicate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
60 words
An expansive cement composition made by burning mixtures of argillaceous and calcareous materials containing an excess of lime relative to silica to thereby convert substantially all of the silica into tricalcium silicate, said composition containing from About 1 to about 30 wt % of free CaO with the remaining portion being primarily tricalcium silicate and containing substantially no dicalcium silicate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 14 having a particle size of not greater than about 20 mesh (Tyler) and a fineness of no greater than about 6,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
25 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 15 having a particle size which passes 80 mesh (Tyler) and a fineness of no greater than 4,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 16 having a liquid phase formed during the burning thereof which comprises from about 15 to 30 wt % of said composition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The expansive cement composition of claim 17 having a CaO content of between 20 and about 28% by weight thereof.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said calcareous reactants containing sufficient CaO forming materials to completely react with the agrillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and to provide an excess of unreacted CaO in the burned clinker in the range of from about 1 to about 30 wt % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to convert substantially all of the silicate in said feed to tricalcium silicate and yield substantially no dicalcium silicate, but yet yield from about 1 to about 30 wt % of free lime in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
136 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said calcareous reactants containing sufficient CaO forming materials to completely react with the agrillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and to provide an excess of unreacted CaO in the burned clinker in the range of from about 1 to about 30 wt % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to convert substantially all of the silicate in said feed to tricalcium silicate and yield substantially no dicalcium silicate, but yet yield from about 1 to about 30 wt % of free lime in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 19 wherein said clinker is ground to yield particles which are no larger than about 20 mesh (Tyler) and have a fineness of no greater than about 6,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 20 wherein said grinding produces particles which pass 80 mesh (Tyler) and having a fineness of no greater than 4,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 21 wherein said cement composition is ground to a fineness of between 1,500 and 3,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
194 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said reactants containing sufficient materials selected from alkaline earth oxide and alkaline earth oxide forming materials to completely react with the argillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and to provide an excess of unreacted alkaline earth oxide in the burned clinker in the range of from about 1 to about 30 wt % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to form the complete stoichiometric reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica such that the maximum ratio of said alkaline earth oxide reacts with said silica to form said reaction product and whereby substantially none of a reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica is formed having a lesser ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to said silica than said maximum, but yet yield from about 1 to about 30 wt % of free alkaline earth oxide in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
194 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said reactants containing sufficient materials selected from alkaline earth oxide and alkaline earth oxide forming materials to completely react with the argillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and to provide an excess of unreacted alkaline earth oxide in the burned clinker in the range of from about 1 to about 30 wt % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to form the complete stoichiometric reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica such that the maximum ratio of said alkaline earth oxide reacts with said silica to form said reaction product and whereby substantially none of a reaction product between said alkaline earth oxide and silica is formed having a lesser ratio of said alkaline earth oxide to said silica than said maximum, but yet yield from about 1 to about 30 wt % of free alkaline earth oxide in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 23 wherein said alkaline earth oxide is selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, barium oxide, strontium oxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
33 words
THE METHOD OF CLAIM 24 WHEREIN SAID CLINKER IS GROUND TO YIELD PARTICLES WHICH ARE NO LARGER THAN ABOUT 20 MESH (TYLER) AND HAE A FINENESS OF NO GREATER THAN ABOUT 6,000 CM2/GM.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 25 wherein said grinding produces particles which pass 80 mesh (Tyler) and having a fineness of no greater than 4,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 26 wherein said cement composition is ground to a fineness of between 1,500 and 3,000 cm2/gm.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said calcareous reactants containing sufficient CaO forming materials to completely react with the argillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and provide an excess of unreacted CaO in the burned clinker in the range of from about 10 to about 30 weight % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to convert substantially all of the silicate in said feed to tricalcium silicate and yield substantially no dicalcium silicate, but yield from about 10 to about 30 weight % of free CaO in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of producing an expansive cement composition comprising: a. introducing argillaceous and calcareous reactant materials to the feed end of a kiln, said calcareous reactants containing sufficient CaO forming materials to completely react with the argillaceous reactant materials in the kiln and provide an excess of unreacted CaO in the burned clinker in the range of from about 10 to about 30 weight % thereof; b. burning said reactant materials in a burning zone in said kiln for a sufficient time and temperature to convert substantially all of the silicate in said feed to tricalcium silicate and yield substantially no dicalcium silicate, but yield from about 10 to about 30 weight % of free CaO in the resulting burned clinker; and c. grinding said clinker to produce a powdered hydraulic expansive cement composition.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US1700032A
Cited
US1852547A
Cited
US1963588A
Cited
US1966419A
Cited
US3155526A
Cited
US3139351A
Cited
US3711306A
Cited
US3649317A
Cited
US3785844A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-19 | 1978-11-18 | 1979-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-19 | 1982-11-18 | 1983-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-19 | 1986-11-18 | 1987-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |