Hydrogenated alkyl aromatics as petroleum distillate fuel cold flow improvers

Claim 2

A DISTILLATE PETROLEUM FUEL OIL HAVING AT LEAST A MAJOR PROPORTION BOILING IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 250* TO 700*F., IMPROVED IN ITS FLOW PROPERTIES BY 0.01 TO 3 WT. % OF A FLOW IMPROVING HYDROGENATED ALKYL AROMATIC FRACTION OF AN AMORPHOUS NORMALLY SOLID WAX HAVING A METLING POINT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 80* TO 200*F. AND A MOLECULAR WEIGHT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 600 TO ABOUT 3,00 ABRAINED FROM A RESIDUAL PETROLEUM OIL.

Claim 3

ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 1 to 30 wt. % chlorine, and

Claim 4

ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 1 to 30 wt. % chlorine, and

Claim 5

A distillate petroleum fuel oil having at least a major proportion boiling in the range of about 250* to 700*F., improved in its flow properties by containing in the range of about 0.01 to 3 wt. % of a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic selected from the group consisting of: a. hydrogenated wax aromatic pour point depressant which is the Friedel-Crafts condensation product of wax having a melting point of about 100* to 200*F. chlorinated to about 5 to 25 wt. % chlorine and condensed with an aromatic in a relative weight ratio of about 5 to 15 parts of chlorinated wax per part of said aromatic, and b. a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of an amorphous normally solid wax having a melting point in tHe range of about 80* to 200*F. and a molecular weight in the range of about 600 to about 3,000 obtained from a residual petroleum oil, and in the range of about 0.001 to 2 wt. % of an ethylene backbone pour point depressant which has a molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000 and is selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 6

A distillate petroleum fuel oil having at least a major proportion boiling in the range of about 250* to 700*F., improved in its flow properties by containing in the range of about 0.01 to 3 wt. % of a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic selected from the group consisting of: a. hydrogenated wax aromatic pour point depressant which is the Friedel-Crafts condensation product of wax having a melting point of about 100* to 200*F. chlorinated to about 5 to 25 wt. % chlorine and condensed with an aromatic in a relative weight ratio of about 5 to 15 parts of chlorinated wax per part of said aromatic, and b. a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of an amorphous normally solid wax having a melting point in tHe range of about 80* to 200*F. and a molecular weight in the range of about 600 to about 3,000 obtained from a residual petroleum oil, and in the range of about 0.001 to 2 wt. % of an ethylene backbone pour point depressant which has a molecular weight in the range of about 500 to 50,000 and is selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 7

ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 1 to 30 wt. % chlorine, and

Claim 8

ethylene polymer chlorinated to contain about 1 to 30 wt. % chlorine, and

Claim 9

copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C3 to C16 alpha monoolefin, or a mono-ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dialkyl ester having about 1 to 16 carbon atoms in said alkyl groups, and wherein the relative ratio of Said hydrogenated alkyl material to said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is in the range of about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic per part by weight of said ethylene backbone pour point depressant.

Claim 10

copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C3 to C16 alpha monoolefin, or a mono-ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dialkyl ester having about 1 to 16 carbon atoms in said alkyl groups, and wherein the relative ratio of Said hydrogenated alkyl material to said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is in the range of about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic per part by weight of said ethylene backbone pour point depressant.

Claim 11

A distillate fuel oil according to claim 2, wherein said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic is hydrogenated wax-naphthalene, and said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is a copolymer of 4 to 20 molar proportions of ethylene with a molar proportion of unsaturated alkyl ester.

Claim 12

copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C3 to C16 alpha monoolefin, or a mono-ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dialkyl ester having about 1 to 16 carbon atoms in said alkyl groups, wherein the relative ratio of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic to said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is in the range of about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic per part by weight of said ethylene backbone pour point depressant, and wherein said combination of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic and said ethylene backbone pour point depressant shows synergy in improving the flow properties of said oil.

Claim 13

copolymers of 3 to 40 molar proportions of ethylene with a C3 to C16 alpha monoolefin, or a mono-ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dialkyl ester having about 1 to 16 carbon atoms in said alkyl groups, wherein the relative ratio of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic to said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is in the range of about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic per part by weight of said ethylene backbone pour point depressant, and wherein said combination of said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic and said ethylene backbone pour point depressant shows synergy in improving the flow properties of said oil.

Claim 14

A fuel oil according to claim 3, wherein said unsaturated ester is a vinyl ester of a C2 to C5 fatty acid.

Claim 15

A distillate fuel oil according to claim 4, wherein said copolymer is a copolymer of 4 to 20 molar proportions of ethylene per molar proportion of vinyl acetate, and wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight in the range of about 1000 to 5,000.

Claim 16

A distillate fuel oil according to claim 2, wherein said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic is said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of said amorphous normally solid wax, which has a molecular weight in the range of about 600 to about 1,500 and is essentially free of normal paraffinic hydrocarbon, and said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is a copolymer of ethylene and said unsaturated alkyl ester.

Claim 17

A distillate fuel oil according to claim 6, wherein said copolymer is a copolymer of 4 to 20 molar proportions of ethylene per molar proportion of vinyl acetate, and said copolymer has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to 5,000.

Claim 18

An additive concentrate, useful for treating fuel oils to improve the flow properties thereof, comprising an oil solution of a mixture of 3 to 60 wt. % of a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic selected from the group consisting of: a. hydrogenated wax naphthalene pour point depressant which is the Friedel-Crafts condensation product of wax having a melting point of about 100* to 200*F. chlorinated to about 5 to 25 wt. % chlorine and condensed with naphthalene in a relative weight ratio of about 5 to 15 parts of chlorinated wax per part of said aromatic, and b. a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of an amorphous normally solid wax having a molecular weight in the range of about 600 to about 3,000 obtained from a residual petroleum oil, and an ethylene backbone pour point depressant having a molecular weight of about 500 to 50,000 and selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 19

An additive concentrate, useful for treating fuel oils to improve the flow properties thereof, comprising an oil solution of a mixture of 3 to 60 wt. % of a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic selected from the group consisting of: a. hydrogenated wax naphthalene pour point depressant which is the Friedel-Crafts condensation product of wax having a melting point of about 100* to 200*F. chlorinated to about 5 to 25 wt. % chlorine and condensed with naphthalene in a relative weight ratio of about 5 to 15 parts of chlorinated wax per part of said aromatic, and b. a hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of an amorphous normally solid wax having a molecular weight in the range of about 600 to about 3,000 obtained from a residual petroleum oil, and an ethylene backbone pour point depressant having a molecular weight of about 500 to 50,000 and selected from the group consisting of:

Claim 20

A concentrate according to claim 8, wherein said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic is said hydrogenated wax naphthalene pour point depressant, wherein said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is a copolymer of 4 to 20 molar proportions of ethylene with a molar proportion of vinyl acetate, and wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 5,000.

Claim 21

A concentrate according to claim 9, wherein said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic is said hydrogenated alkyl aromatic fraction of an amorphous normally solid wax, and wherein said ethylene backbone pour point depressant is a copolymer of 4 to 20 molar proportions of ethylene with a molar proportion of vinyl acetate and wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight in the range of about 1,000 to 5,000.