US3882714A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Porosimeter
Assignee: Veitscher Magnesitwerke AG
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Filing: 1973-11-13
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Granted: 1975-05-13
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Expires: 1993-11-13
Abstract
Abstract A porosimeter comprises a vacuum system and a measuring system to which a fluid pressure may be delivered during the measuring operation. The measuring system includes a dilatometer consisting essentially of a vessel for receiving a porous sample and mercury, a capillary tube removably placed on the vessel and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith and a filling capillary having a pointed tip inserted in the capillary tube. It further includes a measuring capillary containing mercury, a multi-way valve selectively connecting the filling capillary to the measuring capillary and the fluid pressure source, and a control for maintaining the mercury level in the dilatometer constant during the operation. Connection of the filling capillary to the measuring capillary raises the level of mercury in the dilatometer until it reaches the filling capillary tip and connection of the filling capillary to the fluid pressure source raises the pressure in the dilatometer and thus depresses the mercury level to cause the mercury to enter into the pores of the sample.
Inventors
- 👤 Werner Libal
- 👤 Robert Hausner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 12:15
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/24; G01N15/00; G01N15/08; G01N15/088; G01N15/0886
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
224 words
A porosimeter comprising 1. a source of fluid pressure, 2. a source of vacuum, 3. a dilatometer consisting essentially of a. a vessel for receiving a porous sample and a measuring liquid which does not wet the sample, b. a capillary tube removably placed on the vessel and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith, and c. a filling capillary having a tip inserted in the capillary tube, 4. a measuring capillary containing the measuring liquid, 5. a first multi-way valve selectively connecting the filling capillary to the measuring capillary and to the fluid pressure source, a. valve means being arranged for selective disconnection of the fluid pressure source from, and connection of the vacuum source to, the multi-way valve, b. connection of the filling capillary to the measuring capillary causing the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring capillary through the filling capillary into the dilatometer to raise the level of the measuring liquid therein until it reaches the tip of the filling capillary, and c. connection of the filling capillary to the fluid pressure source raising the fluid pressure in the dilatometer and thus depressing the measuring liquid level in correspondence to the increased fluid pressure, this pressure causing the measuring liquid to enter the pores of the sample, and 6. control means for maintaining the measuring liquid level in the dilatometer substantially constant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
224 words
A porosimeter comprising 1. a source of fluid pressure, 2. a source of vacuum, 3. a dilatometer consisting essentially of a. a vessel for receiving a porous sample and a measuring liquid which does not wet the sample, b. a capillary tube removably placed on the vessel and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith, and c. a filling capillary having a tip inserted in the capillary tube, 4. a measuring capillary containing the measuring liquid, 5. a first multi-way valve selectively connecting the filling capillary to the measuring capillary and to the fluid pressure source, a. valve means being arranged for selective disconnection of the fluid pressure source from, and connection of the vacuum source to, the multi-way valve, b. connection of the filling capillary to the measuring capillary causing the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring capillary through the filling capillary into the dilatometer to raise the level of the measuring liquid therein until it reaches the tip of the filling capillary, and c. connection of the filling capillary to the fluid pressure source raising the fluid pressure in the dilatometer and thus depressing the measuring liquid level in correspondence to the increased fluid pressure, this pressure causing the measuring liquid to enter the pores of the sample, and 6. control means for maintaining the measuring liquid level in the dilatometer substantially constant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
4 words
a source of vacuum,
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
4 words
a source of vacuum,
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
84 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a reservoir for the measuring liquid and a second multi-way valve selectively connecting the measuring capillary to the measuring liquid reservoir and to the first multi-way valve, connection of the reservoir to the measuring capillary causing the measuring liquid to flow from the reservoir into the measuring capillary and connection of the measuring capillary to the first-multi-way valve causing the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring capillary through the first multi-way valve into the filling capillary.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a pressure equalizing container interposed between the first multi-way valve and the fluid pressure source.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
51 words
a dilatometer consisting essentially of a. a vessel for receiving a porous sample and a measuring liquid which does not wet the sample, b. a capillary tube removably placed on the vessel and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith, and c. a filling capillary having a tip inserted in the capillary tube,
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
51 words
a dilatometer consisting essentially of a. a vessel for receiving a porous sample and a measuring liquid which does not wet the sample, b. a capillary tube removably placed on the vessel and forming a fluid-tight seal therewith, and c. a filling capillary having a tip inserted in the capillary tube,
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
7 words
a measuring capillary containing the measuring liquid,
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
7 words
a measuring capillary containing the measuring liquid,
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a valve interposed between the filling capillary and the fluid pressure source for blowing residual measuring liquid out of the filling capillary upon briefly opening the valve.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
68 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a pressure equalizing container interposed between the first multi-way valve and the fluid pressure source, and a valve interposed between the first multi-way valve and the fluid pressure source in parallel with the pressure equalizing container, the valve being in communication with the first multi-way valve for blowing residual measuring liquid out of the filling capillary upon briefly opening the valve.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
135 words
a first multi-way valve selectively connecting the filling capillary to the measuring capillary and to the fluid pressure source, a. valve means being arranged for selective disconnection of the fluid pressure source from, and connection of the vacuum source to, the multi-way valve, b. connection of the filling capillary to the measuring capillary causing the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring capillary through the filling capillary into the dilatometer to raise the level of the measuring liquid therein until it reaches the tip of the filling capillary, and c. connection of the filling capillary to the fluid pressure source raising the fluid pressure in the dilatometer and thus depressing the measuring liquid level in correspondence to the increased fluid pressure, this pressure causing the measuring liquid to enter the pores of the sample, and
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
135 words
a first multi-way valve selectively connecting the filling capillary to the measuring capillary and to the fluid pressure source, a. valve means being arranged for selective disconnection of the fluid pressure source from, and connection of the vacuum source to, the multi-way valve, b. connection of the filling capillary to the measuring capillary causing the measuring liquid to flow from the measuring capillary through the filling capillary into the dilatometer to raise the level of the measuring liquid therein until it reaches the tip of the filling capillary, and c. connection of the filling capillary to the fluid pressure source raising the fluid pressure in the dilatometer and thus depressing the measuring liquid level in correspondence to the increased fluid pressure, this pressure causing the measuring liquid to enter the pores of the sample, and
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
control means for maintaining the measuring liquid level in the dilatometer substantially constant.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
control means for maintaining the measuring liquid level in the dilatometer substantially constant.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
64 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a pressure differential gage connected to the vacuum source for establishing a reference pressure valve and interposed between the fluid pressure source and the first multi-way valve, and gage indicating the difference between the pressure delivered to the first multi-way valve from the fluid pressure source and the vacuum established at the beginning of the measuring operation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a fluid pressure source connected to an open upper end of the measuring capillary.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The porosimeter of claim 7, wherein the latter fluid pressure source is the fluid pressure source connectable to the filling capillary.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
The porosimeter of claim 8, further comprising a pressure equalizing container interposed between the first multi-way valve and the fluid pressure source, the open upper end of the measuring capillary being connected to the pressure equalizing container.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
44 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a contact manometer mounted between the fluid pressure source and the first multi-way valve, the manometer being adjustable to set a maximum limit pressure for terminating the measuring operation when the set limit pressure has been reached.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
82 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, wherein the first multi-way valve is a solenoid valve, the measuring liquid is electrically conductive, and the filling capillary is electrically conductive, the control means comprising an electric control circuit including the solenoid valve, the measuring liquid and the electrically conductive filling capillary constituting a circuit make-and-break electrode, the circuit being closed when the tip of the electrode is in contact with the measuring liquid and being broken when the measuring liquid level is below the tip.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The porosimeter of claim 11, wherein the first multi-way valve is operated in response to the electrode closing or breaking the control circuit.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The porosimeter of claim 11, wherein the first multi-way solenoid valve is a needle valve.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a measuring unit associated with the measuring capillary and recording the level of the measuring liquid therein.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The porosimeter of claim 14, wherein the measuring unit comprises a photosensitive sensor.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The porosimeter of claim 14, wherein the measuring unit compRising means producing an electrical control signal corresponding to changes in the measuring liquid level.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The porosimeter of claim 16, wherein the electrical control signal producing means is a potentiometer.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
32 words
The porosimeter of claim 17, further comprising a spindle whereon the measuring unit is mounted and a drive motor for rotating the spindle to move the measuring unit along the measuring capillary.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
146 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, further comprising a pressure differential gage connected to the vacuum source for establishing a reference pressure value and interposed between the fluid pressure source and the first multi-way valve, and valve being a solenoid valve and the gage indicating the difference between the pressure delivered to the solenoid valve from the fluid pressure source and the vacuum established at the beginning of the measuring operation, the gage producing an electrical control signal corresponding to the pore size of the sample, a measuring unit associated with the measuring capillary and producing another control signal corresponding to the pore size of the sample, a measuring unit associated with the measuring capillary and producing another control signal corresponding to the pore volume of the same as a function of the measuring liquid level in the measuring capillary, and a recorder receiving the control signals.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
27 words
The porosimeter of claim 19, wherein the recorder is a recording device including a coordinate system for inscribing thereon a curve illustrative of the received control signals.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, wherein the tip of the filling capillary is pointed.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
40 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, wherein the measuring liquid is mercury and the height of the mercury column in the dilatometer, measured from the center of the sample therein, is about 40 mm at the beginning of the measuring operation.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
26 words
The porosimeter of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the measuring capillary is about 3 mm and the usable height thereof is about 400 mm.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-05-12 | 1978-11-11 | 1979-05-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-05-12 | 1982-11-11 | 1983-05-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-05-12 | 1986-11-11 | 1987-05-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |